Term
|
Definition
tendency for an object to float in a fluid air is a fluid
buoyancy controlled by density differenes
density (p)= mass (M)/volume (V) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
also called equation of sate of an idea gas for meteorplogy
PV=mrt
p=pressure
v=volume
m=mas of gas
r= universal gas law
P=pR*T includes density denisty=p
what does this say?
as temerature increases, pressure increases, density decreases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relationship between temperature and volume
VI/TI=Vf/Tf
VI=initial volume
TI= initial temperature
what does charles law say?
if temperature increases then volume increases and denisty decreases
Vf= final volume
Tf= final temperature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relationship between pressure and volume
PIVI=PFVF
PI= pressure initial
VI=volume intial
PF= pressure final
VF=volume final
what does his law say?
Pressure increases, volume decreases, and density increases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| earth's surface is heated differently causing different densities different densities means different pressure there for air moves |
|
|
Term
| differential heating of earth's surfacce |
|
Definition
| between 40 degrees N and 40 degrees S there is an excess of solar radiation and deficits above 40N and 40S |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
are due to earths rotation
(Northern hemisphere/Southern hemisphere):
a. Autumnal Equinox (Sept. 22/Mar. 20)
b. Winter Solstice (Dec. 21/June 21)
c. Vernal Equinox (Mar. 20/Sept. 22)
d. Summer Solstice (June 21/Dec. 21) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| three cirulation cells in each hemisphere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3. Coriolis force:
Fco = U2sin
Where:
FCO = Coriolis force
U = Wind speed and direction
= angular velocity of the Earth which can be assumed to be a constant
Sin = sine
= latitude
Coriolis is has a maximum value at the poles and has a value of “zero” at the equator. In the northern hemisphere, deflection sue to Coriolis is to the right of the direction of motion; in the southern hemisphere, it is to the left. |
|
|
Term
| what we need to know about circulation |
|
Definition
Geostrophic wind- balance between the a.coriolis force and the pressure gradient force.
b. surface wind
1. add friction to the geostropic wind to get suface wind. friction always turn wind toward low pressure
c.Synoptic scale high and low pressures (from ATOC 1050):
Surface high pressures:
1. Mass convergence aloft (jet stream level/geostrophic wind level) = surface high pressure
a. At the surface, winds diverge out of an area of high pressure.
b. In the northern/southern hemisphere, winds blow out of a high pressure and clockwise/counterclockwise.
Surface low pressures:
2. Mass divergence aloft (jet stream/geostrophic wind level) = surface low pressure
a. At the surface, winds converge into an area of low pressure.
b. In the northern/southern hemisphere, winds blow into a low pressure and counterclockwise/clockwise. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Latitude (most important)
2. Land/Water distribution or Continentality
3. Major wind belts
4. Ocean currents
5. Elevation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seasonal reversal of winds. monsoons are tied to reveral of THERMAL highs and lows |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a)average rainfall 10-15 inches a DAY!
average temp=90f rain important for indaian econ but monsoon doesnt always occur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A.The hydrologic cycle describes the circulation of water through the Earth- atmosphere system.
B. moisture is also related to temp. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Advection is the horizontal movement of anything such as air, moisture, precip., etc. |
|
|
Term
| Koeppen, Geiger climate classification system. |
|
Definition
1. Climates are defined by average monthly temperatures and rainfall.
I know you can’t read this, just look at the colors. The picture is linked if you want to read it.
http://squ1.org/files/wiki/climate/koeppen-map-large.gif |
|
|
