Term
| what are Forbidden lines? |
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Definition
| forbidden lines are spectral lines that cannot exist on earth because the density is too low |
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Term
| What is the Sun Spot Cycle? |
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Definition
| Magnetic fields are responsible for sun spots because without magnetic fields the hotter plasma would mix with the cooler plasma. These magnetic fields can alter energy levels in atoms and ions,thus can alter spectral lines and cause them to split into two closely spaced lines. The frequency of the sunspots for the sunspot cycle of 11 years where the number of sunspots rises and falls |
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Term
| why do radio telescopes have worse resolution than optical telescopes? |
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Definition
| because radio telescopes have a larger aperature diameter, but radio wavelengths are millions of times larger. Resolution= aperature diameter/ wavelength. |
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Term
| Once energy is generated in the core of the Sun, it travels outward through the envelope. Explain why energy travels differently in the radiative and the convective zone? |
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Definition
| Energy travels through light in the radiative zone because there are no obstructions. In the convection zone, electrons are neutral thus can emit or absorb so energy travels more mechanically because energy always travels in the most effective way possible. The changing temperatures make the effective ways to travel different as you move from the convective and radiative zone |
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Term
| Explain why higher ionization species are associated with higher temperatures |
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Definition
| Higher temperatures cause ionization species to grow because because it decreases the number of particles, thus more energy is spread over fewer particles. The high temperatures allow for the ionize atoms to grow into their ionization species. |
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Term
| what are the two main ways electrons produce energy? |
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Definition
| either by emitting photons or suffering collisions |
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Term
| Explain how you would use Inverse Square Law to find the distance of a star |
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Definition
| First you would measure the Apparent Luminosity, then you would guess the absolute luminosity and then you would solve for distance using the equation apparent luminosity= absolute luminosity divided by distance |
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Term
| What are examples of "noise" in the Neutrino? |
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Definition
| all materials that make up the detector must be free of radioactive elements to avoid overwhelming the neutrino detector of false accounts. Random flashes of light will cause a false signal in the detector. |
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Term
| Why does ionization occur in high temperature regions? |
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Definition
| because in high temperature regions you have higher energy photons and higher collisions. |
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Term
| What are the two rules associated with Doppler shifting? |
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Definition
| Objects moving away from us are red shifted, and objects moving towards us are blue shifted. The radial velocity of the object is proportional to the amount of shift, because the greater the velocity the greater the shift |
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Term
| Explain how we use the principles of atomic emission and absorption to deduce the composition of different elements in clouds of gas, stars, etc. |
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Definition
| we use atomic emission and absorption by using known spectral fingerprints, and trying to match them with unknown spectral fingerprints we get from the clouds, gases and stars we are not familiar with. |
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Term
| Explain what happens in the radiative zone of the Sun. Why is energy transported via radiation in the radiative zone? |
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Definition
| The extremely high temperatures in the radiative zone cause high energy photons which cause high energy collisions that knock off the electrons, creating ions. |
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Term
| What is an example of a positive benefit of an irrefutable idea like Maupins? What is a primary drawback to a system of knowledge based on multiple irrefutable beliefs? |
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Definition
| The positive effect of an irrefutable idea is that if your initial prediction is wrong, there is always a reason for it because in science whatever happens, happens. The drawback of a belief with multiple irrefutable ideas is that you have multiple levels of lack of evidence and need to prove something. |
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Term
| What are the brightest stars associated with Taurus? |
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Definition
Aldeboran and Alnath
It's altitude is 45 degrees and western azimuth |
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Term
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Definition
Miphack and Algol
and its altitude is 45 degrees in the Northwestern Azimuth |
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