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ASTR101
Astronomy
27
Astronomy
Undergraduate 1
02/22/2012

Additional Astronomy Flashcards

 


 

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Aurora

 

Definition
Huge ejection of solar particles directed towards earths magnetic field into the atmosphere which turns in energized oxygen
Term
What is Astronomy?
Definition
  • The sudy of matter and energy in the universe
  • blend of sciences(physics, geology, meteorology, chemistry, biology)
Term
Astronomical Unit
Definition
Earths average distance from the Sun, which is about 150 million kilometers
Term
Theory
Definition
When a powerful yet simple model makes predictions that survive repeated and varied testing
Term
Celestial Shere
Definition
The imaginary sphere on which objects in the sky appear to reside when observed from earth
Term
North Celestial Pole
Definition
The point directly over Earths North Pole
Term
South Celestial Pole
Definition
The point directly over Earth's south pole.
Term
The celestial equator
Definition
The extension of Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere.
Term
Ecliptic
Definition
Yearly path of the sun around the celestial sphere.
Term
Nadir
Definition
the point on the celestial sphere directly beneath a given position or observer and diametrically opposite the zenith.
Term
Zenith
Definition
The point directly overhead, which has an altitude of 90 degrees
Term
Altitude
Definition
The angular distance between the horizon and an object in the sky.
Term
Azimuth
Definition
Direction around the horizon from due north, measured clockwise in degrees. For example the azimuth of due north is 0 degrees, due east is 90 degrees, due south is 180 degrees, due west 270 degrees.
Term
Circumpolar Star
Definition
A star that always remains above the horizon for a particular latitude.
Term
synchronous rotation
Definition
The rotation of an object that always shows the same face to an that it is orbiting because its rotation period and orbital period are equal.
Term
penumbra
Definition
the lighter, outlying regions of a shadow
Term
umbra
Definition
the dark central region of a shadow
Term
Parallax
Definition
The apparent shifting of an object against the background, due to viewing it from different positions.
Term
Stellar Parallax
Definition
The apparent shift in the position of a nearby star(relative to distant objects) that occurs as we view the star from different positions in Earth's orbit of the sun each year
Term
Retrograde motion
Definition
Motion that is backward compared to the norm.(When viewing the path of planets, usually)
Term
Precession
Definition
The gradual wobble of the axis of a rotating object around a vertical line
Term
Aphelion
Definition
The point at which an object orbiting the Sun is farthest from the Sun.
Term
Perihelion
Definition
The point at which an object orbiting the Sun is closest to the Sun.
Term
Semimajor axis
Definition
average distance of an orbiting object
Term
Terrestrial planets
Definition
Rocky planets similar in overall composition to Earth
Term
Jovian Planets
Definition
Giant Gaseous planets similar in overall composition to Jupiter
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