Term
|
Definition
periodic, reversible episodes of bronchial spasms which impair ventilation. Associated with edema of the mucosa and mucus production.
Primary manifestation-severe dyspnea. lungs are voluminous, without emphysema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
atopic asthma-extrinsic or allergic
non-atopic asthmal-intrinsic or idiopathic
exercised induced asthma (EIA)
mixed asthma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mostly infants and children
usually associated with other allergies
attacks often diminish in later years
seldom associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysmea
attacks triggered by specific allergens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-usually adults
-no clear evidence of allergy
-attacks tend to increase in severity
-often associated with nasal polyps, chronich bronchitis, and emphysema
-attacks triggered by various non-specific stimuli
of you have atopic asthma as a child you are more likely to have non-atopic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
children usually of school age
attacks develop after increased activity
subjects healthy and asymptomatic before attack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adults, usually with past history of atopic or non-atopic
accounts for the majority of cases |
|
|
Term
atopic asthma:
pathogenesis |
|
Definition
| allergen sensitization-immune reaction with IgE formation-IgE/mast cell coupling-reexposure to allergen-release of chemical mediators:histamine,bradykinin, leukotrienes- bronchial spasms-respiratory distress |
|
|
Term
non-atopic (intrinsic) asthma:
pathogenesis |
|
Definition
how it happens-respiratory infections or psychological factors appear to be contributor
based on lack of an allergic reaction
less mucous is produced than atopic
blockage of beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchi (bronchioles constrict) |
|
|
Term
asthma: morphological changes |
|
Definition
peribronchial smooth muscle layer-hypertrophied
basement membrane-thickened
bronchial mucosa-edematous with inflammatory infiltrates (exudates)
lumen-reduced diameter, with mucous plugs |
|
|
Term
asthma: consequences of morphological changes |
|
Definition
impaired ventilation
impaired expiratory function
progressive pulmonary function |
|
|
Term
asthma: clinical features |
|
Definition
duration of attacks
intervals between attacks
severity of attacks
complication: status asthmaticus (don't respond to treatment)
causes of death |
|
|
