Term
|
Definition
| Thc first Assembly of Virginia was convened July 30, 1619 by Governor Yeardley, under the authority of the Virginia Company, and marks the beginning of representative government in America The document authorizing the convening of this first assembly has been lost; the Ordinance of 1621 is believed to be an almost exact reproduction of the earlier one. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacon's Rebellion (1676). Bacon challenged Governor William Berkeley's authority. Representing the small farmers of the frontier who had been battling the natives, he called for the extermination of the Indians so as to secure the territory. When Berkeley appeared to be more interested in subduing the frontiersmen than the Indians, Bacon and his adherents marched against the government in Jamestown to force the issue. Having been declared a rebel, pardoned, and then condemned again, Bacon rebutted the charges against him and other rebels in a public declaration that outlined their motivation and purpose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Originally intended by William Bradford and others to discourage the formation of splinter colonies, the Mayflower Compact, a church covenant modified for civic use, represents an early attempt to establish written laws in an American colony. It would become the foundation for the settlement's government |
|
|
Term
| Transcript of Anne Hutchinson's Trial |
|
Definition
| Bible-study classes she hosted for women earned her a following that later included men, notably the colony's governor, Henry Vane. But she roused controversy with her criticisms of other ministers and her interpretations of Christian doctrine, including her emphasis on personal revelation over classical church rites. In 1637 John Winthrop, who had replaced Vane as governor, put Hutchinson on trial for heresy. He charged her with violating the Bible's commandment to "honor thy father and mother," arguing that Hutchinson had undermined the fathers of the church with her preaching. |
|
|
Term
| Cotton Mather - "Letter about Smallpox Inoculation" |
|
Definition
| Mather was a socially and politically influential Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer. He supported the radical new discovery of smallpox inoculation, but this did not catch on as many people believed that it was blasphemy; they argued that people got smallpox because god gave it to them; a smallpox inoculation would be against god's will. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thc first Assembly of Virginia was convened July 30, 1619 by Governor Yeardley, under the authority of the Virginia Company, and marks the beginning of representative government in America The document authorizing the convening of this first assembly has been lost; the Ordinance of 1621 is believed to be an almost exact reproduction of the earlier one. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacon's Rebellion (1676). Bacon challenged Governor William Berkeley's authority. Representing the small farmers of the frontier who had been battling the natives, he called for the extermination of the Indians so as to secure the territory. When Berkeley appeared to be more interested in subduing the frontiersmen than the Indians, Bacon and his adherents marched against the government in Jamestown to force the issue. Having been declared a rebel, pardoned, and then condemned again, Bacon rebutted the charges against him and other rebels in a public declaration that outlined their motivation and purpose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Originally intended by William Bradford and others to discourage the formation of splinter colonies, the Mayflower Compact, a church covenant modified for civic use, represents an early attempt to establish written laws in an American colony. It would become the foundation for the settlement's government |
|
|
Term
| Transcript of Anne Hutchinson's Trial |
|
Definition
| Bible-study classes she hosted for women earned her a following that later included men, notably the colony's governor, Henry Vane. But she roused controversy with her criticisms of other ministers and her interpretations of Christian doctrine, including her emphasis on personal revelation over classical church rites. In 1637 John Winthrop, who had replaced Vane as governor, put Hutchinson on trial for heresy. He charged her with violating the Bible's commandment to "honor thy father and mother," arguing that Hutchinson had undermined the fathers of the church with her preaching. |
|
|
Term
| Cotton Mather - "Letter about Smallpox Inoculation" |
|
Definition
| Mather was a socially and politically influential Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer. He supported the radical new discovery of smallpox inoculation, but this did not catch on as many people believed that it was blasphemy; they argued that people got smallpox because god gave it to them; a smallpox inoculation would be against god's will. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thc first Assembly of Virginia was convened July 30, 1619 by Governor Yeardley, under the authority of the Virginia Company, and marks the beginning of representative government in America The document authorizing the convening of this first assembly has been lost; the Ordinance of 1621 is believed to be an almost exact reproduction of the earlier one. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacon's Rebellion (1676). Bacon challenged Governor William Berkeley's authority. Representing the small farmers of the frontier who had been battling the natives, he called for the extermination of the Indians so as to secure the territory. When Berkeley appeared to be more interested in subduing the frontiersmen than the Indians, Bacon and his adherents marched against the government in Jamestown to force the issue. Having been declared a rebel, pardoned, and then condemned again, Bacon rebutted the charges against him and other rebels in a public declaration that outlined their motivation and purpose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Originally intended by William Bradford and others to discourage the formation of splinter colonies, the Mayflower Compact, a church covenant modified for civic use, represents an early attempt to establish written laws in an American colony. It would become the foundation for the settlement's government |
|
|
Term
| Transcript of Anne Hutchinson's Trial |
|
Definition
| Bible-study classes she hosted for women earned her a following that later included men, notably the colony's governor, Henry Vane. But she roused controversy with her criticisms of other ministers and her interpretations of Christian doctrine, including her emphasis on personal revelation over classical church rites. In 1637 John Winthrop, who had replaced Vane as governor, put Hutchinson on trial for heresy. He charged her with violating the Bible's commandment to "honor thy father and mother," arguing that Hutchinson had undermined the fathers of the church with her preaching. |
|
|
Term
| Cotton Mather - "Letter about Smallpox Inoculation" |
|
Definition
| (1723) Mather was a socially and politically influential Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer. He supported the radical new discovery of smallpox inoculation, but this did not catch on as many people believed that it was blasphemy; they argued that people got smallpox because god gave it to them; a smallpox inoculation would be against god's will. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Albany Congress (1754), called by order of the British government for the purpose of conciliating the Iroquois and securing their support in the war against France, was more notable for the plans that it made than for its actual accomplishments. In June commissioners from New York, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, and Maryland met with the chiefs of the Six Nations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stamp Act Congress was the first official intercolonial gathering of the revolutionary era. The Stamp Act Congress met in New York City between 7 October and 24 October 1765. They discussed the stamp act and how they could get rid of it. This brought the colonies together because they all had a common problem |
|
|
Term
| Thomas Paine - "Common Sense" |
|
Definition
| (1776) The political pamphlet Common Sense was published in 1776 calling for American colonists to rebel against the British monarchy and proclaim their independence. It helped persuade the majority of colonists, who had hoped for a peaceful resolution of differences with England, to take the path of revolution. |
|
|
Term
| John Locke - "Second Treatise on Government" |
|
Definition
| (1690) Locke maintained that people are naturally tolerant and reasonable, but that without a governing force, a certain amount of chaos and other inconveniences will occur. In his view all people are inherently equal and free to pursue "life, liberty, health, and property." To do this, they engage in a social contract in which they consent to give up a certain amount of power to a government dedicated to maintaining the well-being of the whole. At the same time, however, individuals' right to freedom of thought, speech, and worship must be preserved. In addition, the government must preserve citizens' private property. |
|
|
Term
| Thomas Jefferson - "Declaration of Independence" |
|
Definition
| "All men are created equal"; they enjoy "unalienable Rights" (this repudiated arguments by Thomas Hobbes and William Blackstone that people surrender their natural rights when they leave the state of nature); these rights include "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness" (a liberal and literary improvement on John Locke's triad of life, liberty, and property); governments exist to protect those rights; governments are created by "the consent of the governed" (the compact theory); the people retain the right "to alter or to abolish" government when it violates its ends, "and to institute new Government" to secure the people's "Safety and Happiness" (the commonwealth theory). In their totality, these concepts provided a comprehensive statement of popular sovereignty. |
|
|
