Term
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Definition
an individual's readiness to respond over long time intervals (minutes to hours).
EX: dirunal rhythms, drowsiness in monotonous tasks, and the midafternoon slump.
- TBI commonly results in lower tonic alertness.
- they will drift off or fall asleep during testing or treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
denotes an individual's momentary, rapidly occuring (within milliseconds) readiness to respond. reaction time testing is the primary way to test ****** alertness.
- diminished phasic alertness usually causes more daily life problems for TBI ppl than does tonic alertness. |
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Term
| sustained attention (vigilance) |
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Definition
- Sometimes called *vigilance* denotes attention maintained over time.
- Although ********** attention and vigilance denote similar concepts, vigilance implies sustained attention over comparatively long time intervals in tasks in which targets to be detected occur randomly and infrequently relative to nontarget stimuli.
- Usually assessed with strings of computer-presented auditory or visual stimuli (e.g., tones, numbers, letter, or words) presented over relatively long and purposely monotonous intervals.
-- patient is instructed to indicate when she or he perceives a specified target by tapping, pressing a key on a keyboard, raising a hand, or saying "yes". |
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Term
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Definition
| The organism's physiologic and behavioral readiness to respond to stimulation- the foundation of all higher-level attentional processes. |
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Term
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Definition
sometimes called *orienting* denotes basic responsiveness to stimulation (e.g. looking toward the source of auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli).
- focused attention has much in common with *phasic alertness*. |
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Term
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Definition
denotes attention maintained in the presence of competing or distracting stimuli or attending to individual stimuli in array.
- assessed with using a paper-and-pencil "cancelation tasks" in which the test taker must scan printed arrays of numerals, letters, or symbols and cross out or circle each occurance of a designated target.
-- difficulty is increased by adding conditions to the specification of targets- "cross out the number 6 when it follows a letter."
-- "Stroop test" is a popular subtest of selective attention. |
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Term
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Definition
| denotes attention shifted from one stimulus to another in response to changing task requirements or the person's changing intent. |
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Term
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Definition
| denotes attending to more than one activity concurrently (e.g., driving an automobile while talking on a cell phone)> |
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Term
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Definition
gives the moat direct indication of phasic alertness.
- in this type of testing, the patient responds (usually by pressing a key or a pushbutton) each time he or she perceives a specified stimulus (e.g., a flash or light or a brief sound).
- the time between the stimulus and the reaction is measured.
- incorporating warning signals (tone preceding each target stimulus) into |
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Term
| The Stroop Test (Golden, 1978) |
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Definition
a popular test of visual selective attention.
- in |
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