Andrew Jackson Foster

1st African American to Graduate from Gallaudet

Father of Education

Founded 13 schools for the Deaf

Education

The greatest influence and effect the Hearing-world has over the Deaf-world is __________.

Changed the way Hearing People Viewed the Deaf Community

William Stokoe's work

Children of a Lesser God (1987)

Gaulladet Protest...Deaf President Now (1988)

Total Communication

1970s

Compromise between the oral community and the signing community

Signs, spoken English, finger spelling, mime, gestures

Simultaneous Communication

"Sim-Com"

Signing and Speaking Simultaneously 

Signing Essential English

"I am going to the store."

Pidgin Signed English

"I am going to store."

American Sign Language

"I going store."

Greatest Myth

This is the "Kiss of Death"

It's too easy to learn.

Myths Concerning a Deaf Child Learning to Sign

ASL becomes a crutch, too easy to learn and English becomes difficult

Signing is for "losers"

Watching a person sign is disabling

Deaf World is a cultural ghetto

The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
(Section 504)

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in federal programs or federally funded programs.

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

(PL 94-142)

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Requiring all public schools accepting federal funds to provide access to children with disabilities

Free and Appropriate Education

School districts are required to proved a _____ ____ ____________ _______ for all disables children under the IDEA act.

Least Restrictive Environment

School districts are required to provide disabled children an education in the ______ _____ _______.

IEP

description of academic and social levels of the child

annual goals and sub goals for academic

plan for evaluation

80% of deaf children

Before 1960, ____ __ _____ _____ attended residential schools.

30% of deaf children

Today, ___ ____ ____ _______

attend residential schools.

Factors to Consider placement for the deaf child.

The Language of Instruction

the Academic Quality of the Program

the Degree of Social Interaction

Noam Chomsky...

"Language acquisition device"

All humans are programmed to learn language

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

language-based, culturally biased

Stanford Achievement Test

Only test adapted for use with deaf and hard of hearing students.

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

Has a performance not based on language.

Standardized for use with deaf individuals.

Impairment

Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function

Disability

Any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for human being.

Handicap

Mitigate a Disability

To soften or make less sever.

1870-1914

State created ways to measure and evaluate to determine one's ability to work.

Social Theory of Disability

Complex measurements were developed so that special benefits and services could be offered to individuals with disabilities. 

The Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Sought to remove barriers for people with disabilities.

1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Extended legal protection to all people with disabilities.

Rehab Act of 1973

Section 501

Provided affirmative action programs for people with disabilities

Rehab Act of 1973
Section 503

Provided more opportunities for contractors who employed individuals with disabilities.

Rehab Act of 1973
Section 504

Prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities in programs receiving federal assistance.

10,000 deaf students

Currently, about ____ ___ __________ are enrolled in postsecondary programs.

The Bilingual, Hearing, and Speech-Impaired Court Interpreter Act of 1979

Guarantees deaf people qualified interpreters when it comes to legal matters...criminal or civil. 

1. Eugenics

2. Cochlear Implants

Two initiatives that would reduce the numbers of deaf people are wrapped-up in two areas:

1961, William House