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ARX 318K Exam 3
Key Terms
76
Architecture
Undergraduate 2
05/07/2013

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Term
Catacomb
Definition
human-made subterranean passages for religious practices - burials of early christianity
Term
Titulus
Definition
-Early church around the edges of rome
-church assigned to one of the cardinal priests or founder
- also used to label or caption figures or subjects in art
Term
Choir (bema)
Definition
area of the church between the nave and sanctuary, located in the chancel
Term
Transept
Definition
a rectangular area which crosses the main axis of the basilica type building and extended beyond it
-cross piece of the cross
Term
Aisle
Definition
-passageway with seats on both sides or with seats on one and a wall on the other
Term
Campanile
Definition
bell tower, built beside or attached to a church
Term
Centrally-planned
Definition
a building in which sides are equal in length and and the main space is symmetrical laterally and longitudinally; open space at center of building directed on the vertical axis
Term
Pulpit
Definition
speaker's stand in the church
Term
Terra-cotta
Definition
clay based earthen material that is unglazed or glazed ceramic that is fired
Term
Ostrogoths
Definition
a branch of later goths established in italy
Term
Sistine Revival
Definition
brining back roman and greek architecture; brings back trabeation and arcuated structures
Term
Basilica
Definition
-christian church with a central nave and aisles
Term
Atrium
Definition
colonnaded forecourt to the church
Term
Narthex
Definition
entrance or lobby area located opposite the church's altar at the end of the nave
Term
Nave
Definition
central approach to the high altar extending from the narthex to the chancel
Term
Apse
Definition
semicircular recess in the termination of the sanctuary end of the church
Term
Catechumens
Definition
a convert to Christianity receiving basic principles on the doctrine of the religion before baptism
Term
Latin cross
Definition
-shaped like the cross upon which Christ was crucified
Term
Martyrium
Definition
early christian mausoleum for a martyr
Term
Justinian
Definition
-revived byzantine architecture
Term
Squinch
Definition
-the filling of the angles of a square room that form a base to support a dome
-lintels in the corners
Term
Drum
Definition
-upright part of a building in which a dome is raised
Term
Double-shell
Definition
-inner and outer shell of a dome
Term
Gallery
Definition
passage open to one side on the second story of a church
Term
Exonarthex
Definition
outer narthex of a church having two narthexes
Term
Hippodrome
Definition
greek stadium for horse and chariot racing
Term
Greek Cross Plan
Definition
centralized mass and four arms of equal length
Term
Quincunx Plan
Definition
five pointed cross
Term
Revetment
Definition
facing applied to a wall of a building built of other materials
Term
Onion dome
Definition
larger in diameter than the dome they sit on
Term
pendentive
Definition
triangular segment in between a dome and the arch of the square base
Term
pendentive dome
Definition
-curve of the dome is connected to the pendentives
Term
dome on pendentives
Definition
-dome is placed on top of the pendentives
Term
false pendentive
Definition
-arches in the corner of a square base, built up to act like trabeated squinches but look arcuated from inside
Term
amphora
Definition
??
Term
Iconoclastic controversy
Definition
deliberate destruction within a culture of a culture's own religious icons, symbols or monuments
Term
Cross-in-square plan
Definition
-centralized church with nine bays and the middle bay on each side is domed
-large dome and four subsidiary domes
Term
Greek-cross-octagon plan
Definition
domed center expanding into a cross
Term
crossing
Definition
junction of the four arms of a cruciform in a church
Term
Visigoths
Definition
-germanic tribes in spain
Term
majolica
Definition
glazed pottery with an opaque white glaze
Term
qibla
Definition
direction that should be faced when muslims pray
Term
minaret
Definition
tall spire with an onion-shaped or conical crown; used as a visual focal point for the call to prayer
Term
mihrab
Definition
-semicircular niche in the wall that signifies the qibla
Term
Mughal
Definition
-muslim empire in India
Term
muqarna
Definition
-type of corbel used as a decorative device
-resemble stalactites
Term
iwan
Definition
rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, open on three sides with one end open
-combines corbelling and arcuated elements in doorways
Term
pietra dura
Definition
-inlay of finely cut, highly polished stones
Term
caravanserai
Definition
-roadside inn
Term
Benedictines
Definition
roman catholic religious order of monastic communities that observe the rule of st. benedict
Term
Cistercians
Definition
-monks and nuns
Term
manor
Definition
controlled by local landowners - feudal
Term
cloister
Definition
monastery devoted to religious seclusion
Term
spolia
Definition
use of bits from other buildings
Term
banded arch
Definition
arches are two colors
Term
westwerk
Definition
significance on west facade of church
Term
segmented dome
Definition
curved semi sections which correspond to shape of a dome
Term
ribbed vault
Definition
intersection of two or three vaults and has ribbed arches
Term
clerestory
Definition
high windows above eye level for light
Term
pinnacle
Definition
ornament at the crown of a buttress
Term
fan vault
Definition
ribs are all of the same curve and are spread equidistantly
Term
mullion
Definition
vertical element that forms a division between units of a window
Term
springing point
Definition
where an arch or vault rises from its support
Term
vaulting web
Definition
web of rib vaults
Term
triforium
Definition
shallow arched gallery within thickness of wall
Term
buttress
Definition
built against or projecting from a wall in which in carries the load from the top down to support taller spaces
Term
tracery
Definition
-stonework elements that support glass elements in gothic architecture
Term
radiating chapel
Definition
semi-circular chapels radiating around the bays of an apse
Term
transverse arch
Definition
supporting arch which runs from side to side
Term
fan vaulting
Definition
Term
Mannerism
Definition
personal touch
Term
loggia
Definition
a gallery or covered space on facade of building that serves as a portico and a social space rather than just to move through
Term
cupola
Definition
small, most often dome like structure on top of a building - can be used for a look out or to provide light
-crowns a roof or dome
Term
trompe-l'oeil
Definition
-realisitc imagery to create optical illusions of the orders on a flat surface
Term
rotunda
Definition
any building with a circular ground plan, sometimes covered with a dome
Term
baldacchino
Definition
bronze canopy over altar
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