Term
| What is a synonym for articulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the study of joints? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do mobility and stability relate to one another? |
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Definition
| Inversely-as one increases the other decreases |
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Term
| Based on structure (the type of connective tissue binding bones and whether a space occurs), what are the three types of joints? |
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Definition
-Fibrous
-Cartilaginous
-Synovial |
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Term
| Based on function (the extent of movement), what are three types of joints? |
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Definition
-Synarthrosis
-Amphiarthrosis
-Diarthrosis |
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Term
| What are three characteristics of fibrous joints? |
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Definition
-Joined by dense regular connective tissue
-immovable or only slightly movable
-no joint cavity |
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Term
| Where do gomphoses occur in the human body? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are gomphoses classified functionally? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where to sutures occur in the human body? What is a suture? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are sutures classified functionally? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrous joints in which articulating bones are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue |
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Term
| How are syndesmoses classified functionally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What broad ligamentous sheet connect bones in a syndesmosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do syndesmoses occur in the human body? |
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Definition
| At the distal articulations between the radius and ulna and between the tibia and fibula |
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Term
| List the three types of fibrous joints. |
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Definition
-Gomphosis
-Suture
-Syndesmosis |
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Term
| Cartilaginous joints are obviously linked by cartilage. Do they have a joint cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cartilage joins bones in synchondroses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the example of synchondroses within growing bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two examples of synchondroses within the rib cage? |
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Definition
-The first sternocostal joint
-The costochondral joints |
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Term
| What is the functional classification of synchondroses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cartilage holds bone together in symphyses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the functional classification of symphyses? |
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Definition
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Term
| List two examples of symphyses? |
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Definition
-Pubic symphysis
-Intervertebral joints between the bodies of vertebrae |
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Term
| List the two types of cartilaginous joints? |
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Definition
-Synchondroses
-Symphyses |
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Term
| Do synovial joints have a joint cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the functional classification of synovial joints? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structure surrounds a synovial joint and forms its cavity? |
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Definition
| Articular capsule (joint capsule) |
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Term
| What is the outer layer of a joint capsule? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the inner layer of a joint capsule? |
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Definition
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Term
| What liquid fills the joint cavity of a synovial joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structure forms the iquid that fills the joint cavity of a synovial joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three functions of synovial fluid? |
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Definition
-lubricates
-nourishes
-shock absorption |
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Term
| What type of cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of bones in a synovial joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the thin layer of hyaline cartilage on the articulating surfaces of bones called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of articulating cartilage? |
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Definition
-Reduce friction
-Absorb compression
-prevents damage to articulating bones |
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Term
| What are bands of dense regular connective tissue that join bone to bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a fibrous saclike structure that is lined withs ynovial membrane, contains synovial fluid, and reduce friction during movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are clongated bursae wrapped around tendons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on movement with respect three intersecting perpendicular planes, what type of synovial joint moves in one plane? |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on movement with respect three intersecting perpendicular planes, what type of synovial joint moves in two planes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on movement with respect three intersecting perpendicular planes, what type of synovial joint moves in multiple planes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Based on function, what type of joints are all synovial joints? |
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Definition
| Diarthroses (freely movable) |
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Term
| What type of synovial joint is uniaxial and is the simplest? |
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Definition
| Plane (planar or gliding) joint |
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Term
| What type of synovial joint is uniaxial and composed of one convex surface fitting into a concave surface and allows movement in only one plane? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of s ynovial joint is uniaxial and is formed by a rounded surface fitting into a ring formed by a ligament and another bone? This type of joint allows the rotation of one bone around its long axis in relation to the second bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of synovial joint is biaxial with an oval, convex surface on one bone artriculating with an oval, concave surface on a second bone? |
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Definition
| Condylar (condyloid or ellipsoid) joint |
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Term
| What type of synovial joint is formed by two opposing articular surfaces that are convex in one diection and concave in another nad that permit movements in all directions except axial rotation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of synovial joint is multiaxial and is formed by a spherical articulating head of one bone fitting into a rounded, cuplike socket on a second bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement of a synovial joint involves a simple movement in which two opposing surfaces slide slightly back and forth or side to side with repect to one another? In this type the angle between the bones does not change and only limited movement is possible in any direction. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement involves an increase or decrease in a joint angle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is the lateral carrying away of a body part from the midline? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is the medial movement of a body part toward the midline? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is a sequence of movements in which the proximal end of an appendage remains relatively stationary while the distal end makes a circular motion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is a pivoting motion in which a bone turns on its own long axis so that the anterior surface moves laterally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is a pivoting motion in which a bone turns on its own long axis so that the anterior surface moves medially? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs so that the palm of the hand is directed posteriorly or inferiorly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs so that the palm of the hand is directed anteriorly or superiorly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is the inferior movement of a body part? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement is the superior movement of a body part? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs when the dorsum of the foot or hand moves so that the angle between it and the limb decreases? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs when the ankle joint moves to point the toes inferiorly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs when the intertarsal joints are moved to turn the sole of the foot medially? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs when the intertarsal joints are moved to face the sole of the foot laterally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs when a body part moves anteriorly in a horizontal plane? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of movement occurs when a body part moves posteriorly in a horizontal plane? |
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Definition
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Term
| What movement occurs when the thumb moves toward the palmar tips of the fingers as it crosses the palm of the head? |
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Definition
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Term
| What movement occurs when the thumb moves away from the palmar tips of the fingers? |
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Definition
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Term
| what joint occurs between the temporal bone and the mandible? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structures separate the bodies of the vertebrae from C2-C3 to L5-S1? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two components of an intervertebral disc? |
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Definition
-Anulus fibrosus
-Nucleus pulposus |
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Term
| Synovial joints occur between what parts of vertebrae from C2 to L5-S1? |
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Definition
| Superior and Inferior articular processes |
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Term
| What saddle joint is the only articulation between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton? |
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Definition
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Term
| What joint occurs between the scapula and the clavicle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most unstable joint of the body? |
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Definition
| Glenohumeral (shoulder) joint |
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Term
| What three joints occur ar what is commonly called the elbow? |
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Definition
-Humeroulnar joint
-Humeroradial joint
-Proximal radioulnar joint |
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Term
| Which of the two bones of the forearm is involved in the articulation with the carpals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Of the eight carpals, which are involved in the articulation with the forearm? |
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Definition
-Scaphoid
-Lunate
-Triquetrum |
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Term
| What articulations occur between the carpals? |
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Definition
| Intercarpal articulations |
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Term
| What joints lie between the carpals and metacarpals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What joints lie between the metacarpals and the phalanges? |
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Definition
| Metacarpophalangeal Joints |
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Term
| What joints lie between the proximal phalanx and the middle phalanx of digits 2-5 |
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Definition
| Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints |
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Term
| What joints lie between the middle phalanx and the distal phalanx of digits 2-5? |
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Definition
| Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints |
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Term
| What joint lies between the phalanges of the first digit? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ligament originates along the acetabulum and attaches to the fovea capitis femoris? It must be cut during total hip arthroplasties which are relatively common. |
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Definition
| Ligamentum teres (ligament of the head of femur- ligamentum capitus femoris) |
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Term
| What two articulations make up the knee? |
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Definition
-Tibiofemoral joint
-Patellofemoral joint |
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