Term
Picasso, Self Portrait, 1901 |
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Definition
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He is sad; pale skin, skinny, and frail
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His sympathy for people was decided by his own experiences (he was poor himself).
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For: himself, not to entertain us. (asks himself, "who am I?")
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Function: Help him discover who he is.
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Blue Period
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Term
Picasso, Self Portrait, 1906 |
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Definition
- He is bigger, stronger, and tan.
- Originally holding a brush; he took it out leaving a fist (manly and tough).
- Wide, strong, thick, expressive lines around right arm.
- Emotionally he is cool, strong, and tough.
- For: himself.
- Function: To show that he has become strong and "Spanish" (French is fragile, Spanish is sturdy).
- Primitive Period
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Term
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Definition
- Picasso, 1907-08, Primitive Period
- Remake of Turkish Bath by Ingres
- Desmoiselles means young ladies "prostitutes".
- D'Avignon is the red light district in Barcelona.
- "The Whores of Barcelona"
- We are observers in original sketch, and in the final we are the client. The women are peforming for us.
- Lines are sharp, curves have been replaced with angles.
- Bodies are hard not soft
- Women are dangerous; GF Fernande Olivier was not loyal, and he attempted to control her.
- Added 2 African Masks; mediator between themselves and unknown hostile forces that surrounded them.
- Painting is a mediator between hostile world and us.
- Women standing with legs crossed was originally lying down; flipped upright to be in a position of power.
- For: himself
- Function: To give Picasso feeling of control over women.
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Term
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Definition
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Picasso, 1911-1912, Analytic Cubism
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Popular song at the time.
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Panting is music; arrangement of line, texture, color to please.
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Used cross-hatching to define light.
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He uses lines, color, and light to construct.
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First impression of Chaos; Longer look shows the triangle and grid, Tension between order and disorder "Chaos is resolving itself into order," This is a shift of something working its way from chaos to order
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Function: for people sensitive enough to understand the work to enjoy its tension and order.
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Term
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Definition
- Braque, 1911, Synthetic Cubism
- Grapes, wood grain, bar, ale, and plates suggest a place.
- Quiet because there isn't alot of color and empty space
- Suggests a quiet bar, sophisicated, and peaceful.
- Synthetic Cubism is never meant to show a subject outright, only to suggest one.
- It's for people to piece together the elements and see the subject.
- Aim is to tell you what it feels like not what it looks like.
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Term
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Definition
- Picasso, 1912, Synthetic Cubism
- There is a bottle, a glass, a table, a newspaper, etc.
- Papers themselves are about trouble; Disease, War, etc.
- The newspaper is all the horrible experiences outside, which lead to the reason of being in a bar.
- For: everyone
- Function: Art that takes you away from bad things. It's an oasis.
- In a bar drinking and reading a newspaper.
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Term
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Definition
- Delaunay, 1914, Cubic Orphism
- Bleriot was the first to fly a plane across English channel.
- Airplane = modernity/progress (symbol of social progress) UNITY
- Circles are an abstraction of the propeller, also a reference to the stain glass windows. Uniting airplane and window.
- Plane= social/political/technological progress
- Window=time/God/light
- Progress is holy, God is behind it.
- For:everyone
- Function: to proclaim good news
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Term
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Definition
- Boccioni, 1913, Futurism
- Bright, Strong, Intense color
- Working from quiet center to noisy outer movement.
- Bicycle was new, modern, FAST, exciting. Symbolic
- Expressiv use of lines, color, and form to promote Futurism values.
- Feels like Italy is stuck in the past.
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Term
States of the Mind: The Farewells |
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Definition
- Boccioni, 1911, Futurism
- Train station, electrical
- Shapes of people, crowded movement
- Painting is crowded with dynamic movement and bright/bold colors.
- Broken forms equate to movement.
- Intensity of feeling (crowded and noisy)
- For everyone
- Function: to promote futurist values
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Term
Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash
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Definition
- Balla, 1912, Futurism
- Comes from chronophotography (time lapse photography)
- Depicts a dog whose tail, legs, leash, and feet of woman walking it are a blur of movement.
- Perceived world is in constant movement.
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Term
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Definition
- Goncharova, 1913, Cubo-futurism
- Same formal language and subject as futurists such as Boccioni.
- Cubo-futurists were interested in future and progress, not excitement.
- Billboards with ads for industrial progress.
- Russia was last to industrialize,
- For: Russians
- Function: to promote industrial revolution in Russia
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Term
Monument to the Third International |
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Definition
- Tatlin Vladmir, 1920, Constructivist
- Model for a building (combines sculpture and architecture)
- Inspired by eiffel tower; Dynamic E.T., Spiral and Leaning
- Meant to be 1300 ft tall, all inner pieces meant to rotate
- Impossible to create. CHALLENGE
- Purpose: Inspiration (Key to Constructivist)
- Optimism following Russian Revolution; End of Old, Beginning of new.
- LIBERATION
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Term
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Definition
- Rodchenko, 1925, Constructivist
- Practical; everything is made out of wood, hard to get ahold of metal.
- Used for News and Politics
- Books about Lenin and Posters of Lenin
- Chess game to develop mind.
- Promotes good, smart Russians.
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Term
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Definition
- El Lissitzsky, 1922, Contructivism
- Proun is an anagram for "towards a new art"
- Rejecting art that is only aesthetically pleasing
- Looks like it was made with the aid of instruments.
- Straight, sharp, precise qualities in all works.
- During Russian Revolution, the machine was a new ideal for humanity, trying to inspire you to be more logical, rational, precise.
- Promotes an engineering mentality
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Term
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Definition
- Gabo, 1923, Constructivism
- Model for a large sculpture that would be on the campus of University of Moscow.
- Made from new modern materials like plastic and stainless steel.
- Clarity and precision shape the piece.
- For: young Russians at the university
- Function: Inspire to be more logical and precise
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Term
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Definition
- Leger, 1921, Purism
- Rational and organized, everything is on a grid.
- Women have no feelings, and feelings are bad and irrational.
- Women are assembled; their faces are identical, their hair comes in sheets, their limbs screwed together.
- This dehumanizes them, very purposeful.
- This is a world of control, logic, and order.
- Facist painting.
- Function was to promote reason and the expense of emotion and desire.
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Term
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Definition
- Matisse, 1923, Later Matisse
- New woman is a product of WWI
- Matisse's response to new woman, "NO"
- Odalisque is an occupent of a harem (female slave or concubine)
- He is saying women belong captive and not working.
- She is happy not doing anything.
- He can have sex whenever he wants it.
- For and By Conservative men
- Remind women where they belong
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Term
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Definition
- Picasso, 1923, Neoclassical Phase
- texture looks marble; timeless garb like classical sculpture.
- Picasso moves to classicism, "look at me im french"
- french=classical/ cubism=barbarism(destruction)
- Purpose was personal; new girlfriend, Olga, was the model for painting. Also, work that wasn't french was criticized during WWI so to save career and survive he moved to classisicism.
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Term
Composotion with Red, Blue, and Yellow |
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Definition
- Mondrian, 1930, de stijl
- Purely compositional.
- Apply to everything that exists.
- Yellow keeps painting balanced.
- Mondrian called this a dynamic equilibrium; harmony of opposites in a chaoti world.
- Thought the enviroment dictates the way you think and feel and if you live in an orderly world, you will be orderly and balanced.
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Term
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Definition
- Rietveld, 1925, de stijl
- major de stijl architect; a Mondrian house, no paintings, no decorations, and no curves.
- Mondrian thought he was going to be world's last artist.
- "If everything were beautiful, there'd be no need for beauty"
- Function: bring the dweller pure harmony through art.
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Term
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Definition
- Duchamp, 1917, Dada
- Told nothing would be refused from Academy in U.S. if you pay your dues.
- Refused, it wasn't "ART"
- Reversals; taken a utilitarian objet and made it useless.
- Taken something low and called it fountain. (high)
- Taken something male and made it female.
- It's a fun game to Duchamp.
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Term
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Definition
- Duchamp, 1919, Dada
- Title pronounced in french loosely translates to "Hot ass"
- Gives Mona Lisa a reason for her smile.
- Reversals: Took highest art and made it low.
- Changed woman into man
- Mysterious to Unmysterious
- Look closer and it isn't Mona Lisa, it is Duchamp.
- Duchamp has a hot ass, he is preoccupied with sex.
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Term
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Definition
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Hugo Ball, 1917, European Dada
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Ball performing performance art, nonsense poem, childlike.
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Playful=happiness/Silly=healthy
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Avoid a language that has been ruined by advertising and politics.
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Costume wont allow him to move, 20 minutes of a silly performance to try to bring audience back to the original primitive language.
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Very unclear, Dada gets a rep for being silly.
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Term
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Definition
- Hausmann, 1921, European Dada
- Assemblage sculpture
- Not meant to be beautiful.
- People should be more machine like.
- Brain is a watch, precision of the mind.
- The number dehumanizes the figure which has no personality.
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Term
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Definition
- Hoch, 1920, European Dada
- New woman
- old idea of women as sexual objects
- combines the body of a woman with a male observer.
- Viewer of viewe
- For males; to get them to look at themselves.
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Term
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Definition
- Heartfield, 1936, German Post Dada
- For France, In France.
- Cock is France
- Hitler is preparing to kill Cock
- Warning French that Hitler is dangerous
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Term
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Definition
- Schad, 1927, New Objectivity
- Painting of an aristocrat.
- Cities are breeding grounds for unhealhty sexual activity (prostitution).
- Unhealthy lifestyle leads to alienations. Cold, hard stare.
- Unnature sexuality, men as women, and nudes everywhere.
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Term
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Definition
- Dix, 1915, Futurism
- Inspiration comes from Nietzsche
- Moved from expressionist style to futurist
- Celebration of war.
- Presenting himself as mars, the god of war.
- Says war will turn him into cruel, hard, god.
- Filled with violence, looks like an explosion.
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Term
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Definition
- Dix, 1925, New Objectivity
- Famous movie actress and singer
- Known for lesbianism and dancing nude in public
- Addicted to cocaine, and married several times.
- Painting her as aging prematurely.
- Function:Expressing his view of humanity as a bunch of grotesque people.
- For: himself
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Term
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Definition
- Dix, 1927, New Objectivity
- His family; wife, son, and daughter.
- Wife is warm, but he has a crazy smile
- Son will become just like dad, while the daughter is warm like the mother.
- Males are dangerous; women are warm.
- For himself, expressing his attitudes.
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Term
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Definition
- Dali, 1931, Surrealism
- Self portrait
- Soft watches are about stopping time and a childhood memory. Most surrealists did not want to die. Remembers a doctor saying show me your tongue and it sounded like soft watch in french.
- Ants represent anxiety.
- Function is to help you develop a taste for the marvelous.
- Free person from reason/morality
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Term
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Definition
- Ernst, 1927, Surrealism
- Automatist painting
- Bird is loplop his alter ego; appears regularly in surrealists art because it represent freedom.
- Bird is being held down in painting by oppressive figure.
- Painting is for him not you
- Purpose is liberation.
- Used various techniques to get freedom but always returned to problem.
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Term
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Definition
- Masson, 1927, Surrealism
- Produced using line, glue, and sand
- Discovered dog eat dog world.
- Under the sea is a chief image in surrealism; represents the unconscious.
- Image of the violence of the unconscious; we discovered our fears and anxieties.
- reveal violence of unconscious, for us.
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Term
A Star Caresses the Breast of a Negro |
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Definition
- Miro, 1938, Surrealism
- Automatist painting
- Fantasies are childlike and marvelous
- Ladder common in work, rising uo into imagination
- Return to childlike imagination (farm)
- Fantasy poem and is an examply of how marvelous fantasy is.
- Function: open our eyes to the marvelous
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Term
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Definition
- Magritte, 1936, Surrealism
- Makes paintings for you; not to make you dream, but to wake you up.
- Don't paint what is there, paint the potential, do the potential.
- Deals with many cliches to make you think.
- Lesson painting; Inspires you to see the potential
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Term
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Definition
- Oppenheim, 1935, Surrealism
- Assemblage of high heel shoes
- Erotic female with legs spread
- Masochistic (tied up)
- Governess=teacher (root of word is govern-->control)
- Anti-authoritarian
- Revenge
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Term
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Definition
- Leonor Fini, 1949, Surrealism
- Surrealist notion of what is above and below the surface.
- Reflection is frightening/evil looking.
- Rational and the Id
- Light and dark
- Reason and Irrational
- Women surrealists identify with animals and nature-->their muses were animals and nature.
- For herself and whoever
- Promotes freedom and recognition of the 2 sides of yourself
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Term
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Definition
- Leonora Carrington, 1938, Surrealism
- rebellious child, thrown out of many religious schools
- ran away with max ernst at age 20
- Irish nurse told her Gaelic fairytales, centered paintings around them,
- Falls in love with hobby horse Tartar. Escapes world of men who are afraid of the magic and the night. (dark magic)
- Free from bougeiosie (chair and curtains)
- ID with animals: Hienna
- Had the hienna wear a mask of her face to debutante ball, emits a bad smell and it becomes offensive to event. When someone discovers the hienna, the hienna eats them.
- Hair is totally free
- Function: freedom from men of authority
- For: her
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Term
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Definition
- Tanning, 1942, Surrealism
- Self portrait of when she first met Ernst.
- Identified with the fantasy creature wth wings, symbolizing freedom.
- Doors equate to movement from one place to another.
- For herself
- Function to free themselve s from Victorian notions.
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Term
- tristan tzara
- automatism
- paranoic critical method
- la femme-enfant
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Definition
- Man who brough Dada from Zurich to Paris
- Stream of consciousness in writing or drawing. Created by Andre Masson
- Dali's development of the ability of the paranoid to see things different.
- Woman child; youth and spontaneity; leads to better access to the unconscious
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Term
- Manifesto
- Marinetti
- Hugo Ball
- Emmy Hemmings
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Definition
- published statement of the ideals and aims of a movement. used for publicity and advertisting.
- father of Futurism
- founder of Dada
- hugo ball's gf/cabaret singer; ruined nationalistic songs
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Term
- Formalism
- Gosol
- Fernande Olivier
- Assemblage
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Definition
- careful arrangement of the formal elements of art for aesthetic purpose.
- Picasso spent the summer in this tiny spanish town in the Pyranees to get back to spanish roots.
- Picasso's gf
- Sculpture made by assembling objects to create a new subject.
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Term
- AKHRR
- New Woman
- Van Doesburg
- Readymade
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Definition
- Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia. Group of artists trying to promote revolution by using a realit and representational art.
- Women who were independent after WWI; they wanted to work and enjoyed getting paid.
- cofounder with mondrian of de stijl
- object that already exists that becomes art through dedication
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