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Parthenon Athens (Acropolis) Iktinos (sculptures: Pheidias) 440s-30s BC ‘Classical Greek’ Athenian temple the pack of Greek architecture was not the Periclean Acropolis existed for all of 20 years, but undisputed the conversation to a garrisons ruined the original structures by converting them to a fortress Pericles brought Athens into a war with Sparta that sealed its fate The only building that you enter frontally and axially was the Propylaia All other buildings were entered three-quarters and through the rear The Parthenon frieze is located in London The Elgin marbles Besides the decorations of the frieze, all other elements were functional Load-bearing elements were never decorated The massive statue of Athena |
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Villa Savoye Near paris Le Corbusier Ca. 1930 ‘Modern’ Modeled after aspects of the Parthenon in terms of structural elements and color schemes Entered on the left side |
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Second Bank Philadelphia W. Strickland Ca 1820 ‘Neoclassical’ Rear looks like front Compared to parthenon → stuart and revitt version axial front steps/ should be viewed from the front No columns on sides No sculptures -- esp in pediment Columns spaced 2 times whereas parthenon is 1 /12 times → need access to the bank |
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Merchants Exchange Philadelphia W. Strickland Ca. 1830 ‘Neoclassical’ |
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Erechtheion Athens (Acropolis) Ca. 420 ‘Classical Greek’ Temple Ionic **contrasting columns represents the combination of greece of the doric mainland and the ionic islands (dialects) |
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Propylaia Athens (Acrop) Mnesikles 430s ‘Classical Greek’ Gateway Only building you enter axially Doric and ionic |
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Temple of Nike Athens (acrop) Ca 420s ‘Classical Greek’ No entrance Old temple was in axis but moved by Pericles Ionic |
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Lysikrates Monument Athens (Lysikrates) 330s ‘Classical Greek/’Hellenistic’ |
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Pantheon Rome (Apollodorus?) Ca. 120 AD ‘Roman Imperial Span ca. 44 m/ 150 Roman feet Round building that wants to be seen frontally/axially Corinthian capial Oculus No flutes Modillions instead of dentils Credicula for imperial worship Thick walls for buttressing Beyond the load bearing system of greek architecture |
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Hagia Sophia
Constantinople (Istanbul)
Anthemios of Tralles and Isidoros of Miletos
530s/550s AD
‘Late Antique/Byzantine’
Span ca. 33 m ( |
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Girard Trust Building Philadelphia McKim, Mead and White (supplanting plans by F Furness) 1900s ‘Neoclassical/Historic’ Span ca. 25 m Columns on chestnut Frontal entrance axially |
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Academy of Fine Arts Philadelphia F. Furness (and W.G. Hewitt) 1870s ‘Historic” Mixing of styles → architectural tapestry Terra cotta Reminiscnet of hagia sophia |
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Atalos Stoa Athens Ca. 150 BC ‘Hellenistic’ |
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Colosseum Rome 70s AD ‘Roman Imperial’ Orders: tuscan, doric, ionic, corinthian, flattened corinthian Post and lintel system Column and architrave Embracing all times |
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Cancelleria Rome 1480s-90s ‘Renaissance’ Uses collsoceum as model Orders all flattened Tripartite system |
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Pal. Rucellai Florence L.B. Alberti 1440s-50s ‘Renaissance’ Also modeled after colloseum |
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St. Peters Rome Cupola: Michelangelo ‘1550 Dimensions of pantheon but with larger cupola |
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Notre Dame Paris 1160s-1240s ‘Gothic’ Circle arches, ungothic yet central part Round in the center Vault hiding under roof Columnets Cross nave/transit has a secondary facade Flying buttresses + pinnacle Crockets Strong horizontals |
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Reims Cathedral Reims 1210 ‘Gothic’ Small scale Pinacles and crockets Small choirs for a buttressing system Clustered colonettes → turnover of classical style |
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Beauvais Cathedral Beauvais 1220s (-1660) ‘Gothic’ |
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Amiens Cathedral Amiens 1220s-80s ‘Gothic’ |
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Amiens Cathedral Amiens 1220s-80s ‘Gothic’ |
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Lorsch (Franconia, Germany); gatehouse; old Christian monastery destroyed. 770s, Carolingian Latin: let’s rewrite Vitruvius; On Architecture ca. 25 Collapse of antiquity and continued revival of antiquity Gate house: how did they revive Roman grandeur? Charlemagne took it literally. This is the only part of the building that remains Stacked orders reminiscent of Pantheon (pilasters) and of Colosseum (arcade arches w impost) New zigzag pattern on architrave; completely unancient! Combo of corinthian and ionic columns (as similarly seen in the Propylaia in Acropolis); flowery architrave Combo of trabeated and arcuated systems w three arch theme |
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Palatine Chapel, Aachen -ca. 800, ‘Carolingian’; span 15 meters - celebration of the arch Cross section with cupola |
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Palatine Chapel, Aachen -ca. 800, ‘Carolingian’; span 15 meters - celebration of the arch Cross section with cupola |
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St. Michael, Hildesheim -1000-1030s, ‘Romanesque’ - columns, arches, roman system - bigger buildings because of the power of central empire - fortresses of faith - no buttresses - ceiling not vaulted - central nave, transit, crossing, choir - the medieval windows added later |
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San Giorgio (Maggiore), Venice -A. Palladio, 1560s,’ Renaissance |
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St. Michael, Hildesheim -1000-1030s, ‘Romanesque’ - columns, arches, roman system - bigger buildings because of the power of central empire - fortresses of faith - no buttresses - ceiling not vaulted - central nave, transit, crossing, choir - the medieval windows added later |
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San Carlo (‘At the 4 Fountains’), Rome -F. Borromini, ca. 1640, ‘Baroque’ -Movement and twist |
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San Carlo (‘At the 4 Fountains’), Rome -F. Borromini, ca. 1640, ‘Baroque’ -adding movement and ‘twist’ |
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Theodoric’s Mausoleum, Ravenna -520s, ‘Late Antique’ span ca. 9m |
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San Sulpice (facade), Paris -G.N. Servadoni, 1730s-50s, ‘Neoclassical’ |
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Seagram Building, NYC -Mies van der Rohe, 1950s, ‘Modern’ |
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ARGOS (Greece) house model -ca. 700 BC, ‘Pre-Classical’ COMPARE TO “Primitive Hut” |
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Lever House, NYC -Skidmore, Owings, Merrill, 1950S, ‘Modern’ |
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Venice Biennale 1979 (exhibition) -A. Rossi, introducing ‘Post-Modern’ |
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Piazza d’Italia, New Orleans C. Moore, 1970s, ‘Post-Modern’ |
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Plain Housing, Amsterdam R Koolhaas 1990 Deconstructivisit |
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Villa dall'ava, St. Cloud (Near Paris) Koolhaas 1990, Deconstructivist |
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Fukuoka Resident Project, Fukuoka (Japan) Koolhaas 1990 Deconstructivist |
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China TV Bldg, Beijing Koolhaas 2000s Deconstructivist |
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Gehry's House, Santa Monica, CA Frank Gehry 1970s Deconstructivist |
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Netherlandish Office, Prague -Gehry, 1990s, ‘Deconstructivist’ |
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Bilbao Museum, Bilbao/Spain -Gehry, 1990s, ‘Deconstructivist’ |
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Jewish Museum, Berlin D. Libeskind, 1990s, ‘Deconstructivist’ |
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Jubilee Church, Rome (Tor Tre Teste) R Meyer, 2000 Late Modern |
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Ara Pacis Museum, Rome Meyer 2000 Late-Modern |
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