Supplies the exterior of the head, the face, and most of the neck

Supplies the contents of the cranial and orbital cavities

Branch of internal carotid artery that supplies the contents of the cranial and orbital cavities and then gives rise to branches which follow the distribution of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal n. (V1)

1. Supplies the thyroid gland and anastomoses with the corresponding artery on the other side and with the inferior thyroid a.

2. Supplies neck muscles in the region

Branch of the superior thyroid a. that supplies the larynx through the thyrohyoid membrane

1. Distributed to pharynx, soft palate, auditory tube, palatine tonsil, part of the middle ear and the meninges

2. Anastomoses with the ascending cervical artery (from inferior thyroid artery) adn other arteries supplying pharynx and middle ear

Supplies the muscles and mucosa of the tongue

1. Courses deep to the intertendinous part of the digastric m. and the submandibular gland and then is superficial at the anterior border of the masseter on the border of the mandible adn ends at the medial angle of the eye as the angular artery

2. Many anastomoses

 1. Branches of the facial a. in the neck that are the main supply to the palatine tonsil

2. Other branches supply the soft palate and submandibular gland

Branch of the facial a. that supplies the upper lip

Branch of the facial a. that supplies the lower lip

Branch of the facial a. that ascends along the side of the nose

The extension of the facial a. that anastomoses with branches of the ophthalmic a. providing direct communication between the internal and external carotid arteries

1. Gives off muscular branches and a descending branch which anastomoses with the transverse cervical branch of the thyrocervical trunk adn the deep cervical branch of the costocervical trunk

2. These anastomoses assist in establishing collateral circulation after occulsion of the common carotid or subclavian arteries

Supplies the tympanic cavity, external ear, and part of the scalp posterior to the auricle

Supplies the parotid gland and temporal region of the face and scalp

Branch of the superficial temporal a. that supplies the parotid gland and takes part in numerous anastomoses in the face

Divided into 3 parts based on its location relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle. The first part is lateral; second part is either behind, or in front of; and the third part is medial to the muscle

Pass through bony foramina

1. Deep auricular a.

2. Anterior tympanic a.

3. Inferior alveolar a.

4. Middle meningeal a.

Supplies the external auditory meatus

Supplies the tympanic cavity

Supplies the teeth and gums of the lower jaw and chin through the mental branch and myohyloid m. through the myolohyoid a.

1. Supplies the dura and bones of the skull

2. Enters skull through foramen spinosum and etches its pattern on the inside of the cranium

Enters the skull through the foramen ovale and contributes to middle meningeal artery supply of dura and bones of skull

To muscles  in the infratemporal fossa

1. Lateral pterygoid artery

2. Medial pterygoid artery

3. Anterior deep temporal artery

4. Posterior deep temporal artery

5. Masseteric artery

6. Buccal artery

In pterygopalatine fossa-pass through bony foramina

1. Posterior superior alveolar artery

2. Infraorbital artery

3. Greater palatine artery

4. Artery to pterygoid canal

5. Pharyngeal artery

6. Sphenopalatine artery

Passes laterally through pterygomaxillary fissure to supply molars and premolars of upper jaw and maxillary sinus

Passes through the inferior orbital fissure, infraorbital groove, canal, and foramen

Branch of the infraorbital a. that supplies incisors and canine teeth of upper jaw

Branch of infraorbital a. that supplies premolars and gums

Descends through the greater (descending) palatine canal to the greater palatine foramen to supply the hard palate and upper gums

Branch of the greater palatine a. that descends through the lesser palatine foramen to supply the soft palate and tonsil

Goes through the canal and anastomoses with a branch of the internal carotid

Enters nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen

Branch of the sphenopalatine a. that supplies the upper lateral nasal wall

Branch of the sphenopalatine a. that supplies the nasal septum

Branch of the posterior superior septal nasal br. that passes through the incisive canal where it anastomoses with the greater palatine artery in the mucosa of the hard palate