Typical Etruscan Temple

(Etruscan)

Greek influence with wooden columns and sundried mud brick, narrow center staircase

Statue of Aula Metelle

(Late Etruscan)

Raised arm to address assembly, High boots and short toga of Roman magistrate

Portrait of Roman General of Tivoli

(Republic period)

Greece influence of hero and athlete, realistic head placed on

Brawl in the Amphitheater

(Republic Period)

Resembles a fight that broke out at gladiator contest, two large staircases

Dionysiac Mystery Frieze, 2nd, Pompeii

(Republic Period)

figures acting out initiation rites, created illusion of 3D world on walls

Villa at Boscoreale

(Republic period)

3D images of vistas, towns and temples open up the room

Linear perspective

Gardenscape - Primaporta, Italy

(Rebulic Period)

Atmospheric perspective

Increased depth by blurring distant objects

Portrait of Husband and Wife - Pompeii, Italy

(Republic Period)

Scroll, stylus and writing tablet common for marriage portraits - education

Realistic placed on conventional

Augustus of Primaporta - Rome

(Early Empire)

Shown as general, mix of Aule & Metple (raised arm)

Cupid at feet, alludes to divine descent

Ara Pacis Augustae - Rome

(Early Empire)

Celebrates est. of Peace in empire

Portrait of Vespasian

(Early Empire)

Broke tradition of externally youthful god and showed elderly features

Portrait of Flavian Woman 

(Early Empire)

Showed idealized beauty from contempary fashion rather than goddess

Arch of Titus - Rome

(Early Empire)

Triumphal arch dedicated to Titus by brother after his death

Spoils from Jerusalem

(Early Empire)

Commemorates the conquer of Jewish temple in Jerusalem

Titus in Triumph

(Early Empire)

Titus crowned in chariot

1st instance of intermingling humans and divine figures

Portrait of Hadrain

(High Empire)

1st emperor to wear a beard

Always depicted as mature adult

Funerary Relief from Ostia

(Early Empire)

Ignored the rules of Classical art by having floating ground lines

Funerary Relief

(High Empire)

Display of produce very clearly, activities of middle class merchants

Apotheosis of Antonus Pius and Faustina

(High Empire)

Follows Classical tradition with well-proportioned, personification, and single ground line

Decursio

(High Empire)

Break Classical period, ground is the whole surface, floating patches of Earth

Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius

(High Empire)

Super Human proportions, larger than the horse

Painted Portrait of Septimius Severus and Family

(Late Empire)

Painted in egg yolk on wood

Servius, wife and sons

Geta's head removed when Caracalla took reign and killed Geta

Portrait of Caracalla

(Late Empire)

Suspicious personality captured

Triumph of Septimius Severus

(Late Empire)

Depicts chariot procession

Stillness, no rushing

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus

(Late Empire)

Extreme rejection of Classical perspective

Center man on horse with no weapon or helmet, shows fearless soldier assured of victory

Portrait of the Tetrarchs - Venice

(Late Empire)

Represented as whole, no individual power

Schematic clothing and shapeless bodies

Emotionless and Iconic

Arch of Constantine - Rome

(Late Empire)

Commemorate defeat of Maxentius

Sculptural decorations taken from earlier monuments

Triple passageway into Rome

Donation relief on Arch of Constantine

(Late Empire)

Emperor gives gifts to citizens

Mechanical and repetative still stances

Pictoral narrative

Clossal Portrait of Constantine the Great

(Late Empire)

Revived Augustan's externally youthful image of emperors

Holds orb of world power in hand

Modeled after Jupiter, large eyes for absolute power

Temple of Portunas - Rome

(Republic Period)

Mix of Etruscan plans and Greek elevations

Stone temples with staircase and columns only in front

Sanctuary of Fortuna - Palestrina

(Republic Period)

Used concrete barrel vaults to make ramps and several levels

Maison Carree - Nimes

(Early Empire)

Perfect example of Augustan Neo-Classical style

Pont-du-Gard - Nimes

(Early Empire)

Brought water from distant mountain spring to Nimes and all citizens

Nero's Domus Aurea and Octagon, Rome

by SEVERUS & CELER

(Early Empire)

Left room between exterior and vault in order to light up the room

Colosseum, Rome

(Early Empire)

Largest amphitheater where gladiator combats occured

Trajan's Forum, Rome

by APOLLODOROS of DAMASCUS

(High Empire)

Rome's largest forum with statue of the emperor

Trajan's Column, Rome

by APOLLODOROS of DAMASCUS 

(High Empire)

Spiral frieze tells the story of the Dacian Wars in 150 episodes

Pantheon, Rome

(High Empire)

Temple of all Gods

Very influential design with use of concrete

Pantheon Interior

(High Empire)

Light entering through oculus creates moving circular beam

Pantheon cutaway

(High Empire)

Interior dome represented orb of Earth and vault of Heavens

Al-Khazne - Petra, Jordan

(High Empire)

Example of baroque architecture

Greek elements and disregard for Classical rules

Baths of Caracalla - Rome

(Late Empire)

Accomodate 1600 bathers with libraries and excercise courts

Temple of Venus - Baalbek, Lebanon

(Late Empire)

 Ignored all rules of Classical art

Made of stone as critique of Partheon

Palace of Diocletian - Split

(Late Empire)

Resembled fortified Roman city with emperor's quarters inside

Basilica Nova - Rome

(Late Empire)

Concrete groin vaults replaced stone and timber basilica

Aula Palatine - Trier

(Late Empire)

Represent later Roman architecture of two stories and many windows to provide light

Timber roofed basilica

Sacrophagus of Junius Bassus - Rome

(Christian Period)

Wealthiest Christians covered tombs with biblical stories

Old St. Peter's Basilica - Rome

(Christian Period)

Greatest of Constantine's churchres

Santa Sabina - Rome

(Christian Period)

Illuminated by large windows

Nave arcade created to focus attention on altar

Santa Costanza - Rome

(Christian Period)

Center dome created norm for Byzantine churches

San Apollinare Nuovo - Ravenna

(Christian Period)

Series of mosaics depicting Old Testament and scenes from life of Christ

Priestess of Bacchus

(Christian Period)

After all Pagan cults were banned, some Roman families still practiced the ancient rites

Hagia Sophia - Istanbul

by ANTHEMIUS & ISODOROS

(Early Byzantine)

Byzantine's Grandest building with a great dome and basilica

San Vitale - Ravenna

(Early Byzantine)

Great gold mosaics along with Jesus sitting on orb

Justinian & Attendents/Theodore & Attendents

(Early Byzantine)

Justinian portrayed as God along with his wife as another powerful figure