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Definition
| thick vertical wall additives in order to support/strengthen structures |
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Definition
| monestary church that served as a sanctuary to those in need during Romanesque period |
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Term
| Led to significant role of the monestary churches (2) |
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Definition
| Pilgrimages and the Crusades |
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Definition
| holy wars the Christians waged against the Moslems in attempt to recover the Holy Land |
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Definition
Stone churches
PLain interior and exterior
Thick walls, Dimly lit
Arch, Groin vault, Barrel vault
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| 5 major areas of Romanesque church interiors |
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Definition
nave
side isles
narthex
transept
apse |
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Definition
NOT concerned w/realism or naturalism
Expresses dramatic and frightening messages of the Last Judgement and the plight of those who did not repent
People depicted as pitiful and weak and figures are distorted to fit |
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Definition
11th and 12th Centuries
millennial and apocalyptic mood
need for large scale pilgrimage churches |
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12th and 13th Centuries
Architecture is more complex and ornate and humanism is renewed during this time
Cathedral is the highest artistic expression with stained glass depicting bible narratives
Exoskeleton structural system & flying buttresses |
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| arch-like portal cover above lintel |
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| wall support used to increase scale of Gothic cathedrals and allow for windows |
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| 5 Characteristics of Gothic Cathedral |
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Definition
1 Use of pointed arch
2 Awe-inspiring height
3 Flying Buttresses
4 Ribbed Groin vaults
5 Large stained glass windows |
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Definition
increase in naturalism and Classicism
Values...
1. exaltation of faith
2. community involvement
3. humanism |
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Definition
14th-16th Centuries
Term is French for "rebirth"
Begins out of Florence, Italy
Revival of Classicism and art was beautiful and merged w/ science(study of nature and human being)
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Definition
Linear and aerial perspective principles
Illusionary Realism
Genre Pantings
Significance of the INDIVIDUAL
genius & "universal man"
Oil paintings develop |
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Term
| Renaissance painting in Italy (4) |
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Definition
1 Use of perspective principles
2 Strong lines in works
3 Study and mastery of human figures as art form
4 Fresco paintings revived |
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Term
Renaissance painting in Northern Europe (4)
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Definition
1 Close observation of details
2 Exquisite surfaces
3 Depiction and mastery of details is important
4 Oil painting developed, lends to detailed approach |
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Term
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Definition
1 woodcut
2 engraving
3 intaglio |
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Definition
Printing technique linked to Asian art
Carve in surface of wood
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| Printing technique in which a stylis metal pen incises drawing into metal plate |
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| Printing technique-scratch through a layer of paint and the drop in acid to create incision |
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Definition
atmospheric qualities
ex: Mona Lisa |
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Definition
| 3D w/ strong contrast of light and dark |
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Definition
Ultimate realism in oil painting
"Fool the Man's eye" |
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Definition
Oil painting on canvas
linked to artist TITIAN |
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Definition
Thickly textured painting technique (3D almost)
Linked to REMBRANDT |
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Definition
Painting everyday/ordinary things
Linked to Jan Vermeer |
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Definition
studied & wrote 10 books on architechture of his time (Italy)
Early Renaissance |
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Definition
| Used vanishing points of lines to make it seem 3D |
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Definition
Jan Van Eyck
Brought realism to North
Paintings were detailed, smooth surfaces, glossy |
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Term
| 5 Characteristics of Baroque Period |
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Definition
1 Movement
2 Drama
3 Strong light source
4 passion
5 time |
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Definition
Age of Expansion
Characterized by movement, drama, strong light source, passion, & time
Increase in ceiling frescoes and elaborate fountains
Comes from word "Barroco"
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Term
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Definition
Irregular-shaped pearl
Root word for Baroque period |
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Definition
Follows reign of King Louis XV
Style is more light-hearted & sensual in France
Art is ornate, lush, lavish |
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Definition
Renaissance
Baroque
Rococo
Neoclassical
Romanticism
Realism |
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Term
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Definition
Created in Paris 1648 by King Louis XIV
-Nicholas Poussin was 1st director |
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Definition
Created Royal Academy of Art in Paris in 1648
The Louvre
Palace @ Versailles(note: architectural fountains and facades) |
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Definition
intellectual/ideal
Jacques-Louis David |
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Definition
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Definition
design: Balanced/symmetrical
Medici influence begins in politics(Early Renaissance) |
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Inventor of linear perspective
Founder of Renaissance style architecture |
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Definition
Brunelleschi
*creation of dome and runner up for baptistry |
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Term
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Definition
Rise of florentine scuplture
Revival of equestrian stature (Erasmo de Name) and portrait bust
Renewal of Classicism and Naturalism in Italian scuplture
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Term
| Created 1st free-standing nude bronze sculpture and the 1st giant statue |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Commisioned the artwork within Sistine Chapel |
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Definition
Ceiling frescoes in the Sistine Chapel commissioned by Pope Julius II
St.Peter's Dome
Figures filled with expression and passion |
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Term
Used single light source to cast shadows that enhance feeling of weight
Natural forms
Linear perspective |
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Definition
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Term
1st to revive painting in Italy
Naturalism & Solidity in human figures
Large scale fresco paintings |
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Man that symbolizes the greatest of Renaissance
the eye was the greatest authority
"Renaissance Man" - Great artist, inventor, engineer, & musician |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Synthesized Northern Europe styles with Italian
Used printing press to create woodcut and engraving reproductions
Founder of German High Renaissance |
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Term
Northern European Style
vs.
Italian Style |
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Definition
NE - detail, realism,symbolism
I - classical, linear perspectives |
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Term
Significant Baroque period artist
Increased movement & contrast btwn light and dark
More chaotic style (ex: "Last Supper") |
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Definition
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Definition
| Curved barrell-vault ceiling made of over 300 fresco paintings (by Michelangelo) |
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Definition
Vanishing point
Use of angles
light & shadow |
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Term
Depicts dreams and fantasies in paintings
INfluenced 20th century SURREALISM |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
MYSTICISM & distortion
Mixture of Realism and abstraction(ex:"Burial of Count Orgaz") |
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Definition
1st Director of Royal Academy of Art
BAROQUE
Classic style in French painting |
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Term
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Definition
Holland painter
IMPASTO painting
self-portraits
showed ppl as they were
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Term
Used DYNACISM (dynamic movement in works)
Artist, diplomat, statesman |
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Definition
| Peter Paul Rubens (Flanders) |
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Term
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Definition
Spanish painter
Impressionistic qualities in art
IMPT WORK: "Las Meninas" |
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Term
Rococo artist of "Happy Accidents of the Swing"
-lush
-ornate
-delicate qualities
-softened light
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Definition
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Term
Neo-Classical artist
Official painter of the French Revolution
IMPT WORK: "Oath of the Horatii" |
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Definition
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Term
Artist linked with ROMANTICISM
Works depict mans injustice to man, human suffering |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Connected to photography
IMPT: "Stone Breakers" by Gustave Courbet |
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Term
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Definition
Leonardo Da VInci example of Sfumato
notion of beauty
"unified representation of objects in an atmospheric setting" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Products that fill openings to allow for the passage of air/light
ex:windows |
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Term
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Definition
Bayeux Tapestry
Describes invasion of England by William the Conqueror
Historic/mythical references
Embroidered wool on linen made by Bayeux women of church |
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Term
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Definition
Cathedral of Autun in Burgundy
Example of Typanum expressing fightening messages about Last Judgement |
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Definition
| Example of Romanesque style church in which both exterior and interior are PLAIN |
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Definition
Bernardus Geguinus
Relief ambulatory of St. Sernin depicts Christ in majesty
Severe abstraction/stylized
Note: unnatural head immitation |
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Term
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Definition
Chartres Cathedral, France
Made for Virgin mary
Rebuilt after a fire |
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Term
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Definition
St. Theodore
Jamb Statue at Chartres Cathedral |
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Term
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Definition
Rose Window
ex of stained glass
RENAISSANCE |
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Term
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Definition
Cathedral of Notre Dame
Paris, France
GOTHIC, sculptural |
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Definition
FLorence Cathedral
GOTHIC
First dome created by Brunelleschi |
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Definition
"Virgin and Child Enthroned" by Cimabue
Church of Santa Trinita, Florence
heaven=gold, symbolic use of color and detail |
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Definition
"Arnolfini and His Bride"
JAN VAN EYKE
oil paint, realism |
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Term
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Definition
Won panel competition
His panel was less graphic and extreme compared to runner-up Brunelleschi |
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Term
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Definition
Leonardo Da Vinci's "Last Supper"
inspirational
lines/angles led back to Christ |
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Definition
| Vertical architectural member between the leaves of a doorway |
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Term
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Definition
| vertical portion of the frame onto which a door is secured |
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Definition
Merode Altarpiece
Oil on wood by Robert Campin
Triptic Form (3 Panels) |
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Term
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Definition
Buxheim St Christopher
Example of WOODCUT |
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Term
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Definition
DONATELLO-St. Mark
Relates back to antiquity w/use of Contrapposto |
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Definition
"David" by DONATELLO
First life-size nude male since antiquity
Boy after defeating giant, expresses courage/faith |
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Definition
Trinity w the Virgin
MASACCIO |
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Definition
"School of Athens" by RAPHAEL
Depiction of Plato and Aristotle |
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Term
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Definition
Painter of Classic Form
Unity, harmony, and graceful design
IMPT: "School of Athens" |
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Definition
"Lamentation over Christ"
Giotto
large scale fresco |
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Term
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Definition
MICHELANGELO
Cross Legged Slave
Unfinished marble exhibits his unique carving process |
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Definition
MICHELANGELO
"Creation of Adam" |
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Definition
"Venus of Urbino"
TITIAN
Use of glazing |
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Term
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Definition
"Last Supper"
TINORETTO
Contrast light/dark
BAROQUE |
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Definition
"Adam and Eve"
Albrecht DURER
engraving* |
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Definition
"Burial of COunt Orgaz"
El Greco
Combination of realism and mysticism
separation of earth vs heavenly realms |
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Term
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Definition
St Peter's Bascilica and square
BERNINI created columnade
Barooque: Counter-reformation of church |
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Definition
Ceiling of St. Matthew
CARAVAGGIO
depicts single strong light source and mystery |
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Term
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Definition
"Las Meninas" by Diego Velasquez
King in reflection of mirror |
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Term
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Definition
"Arrival of MArie de MEdici at Marseilles"
Peter Paul Rubens-dynamicism |
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Term
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Definition
REMBRANDT
"Night Watch"
Impasto Painting |
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Term
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Definition
"Woman Holding Balance"
by Jan Vermeer
captures light source |
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Definition
"Garden of Earthly Delights"
Hieronymus Bosch
depicts dream/fantasy |
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Definition
"Ecstasy of St Theresa"
BERNINI (baroque)
Example of theatrical style
Symbol of rays of heavenly light
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Term
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Definition
Wet-in-wet oil painting frescoes
Ex: Rembrandt, Rubens |
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Definition
| Water colors applied to dry plaster |
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Definition
"Pilgrimage to Cythera"
Jean-Antoine Watteau
Rococo linked w/ Romatic |
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Definition
Landscape w St John on Patmos
POUSSIN
through calssic w use of contemporary |
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Term
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Definition
"Oath of Horatii"
Jaques-Louis David
NEOCLASSICAL |
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Term
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Definition
"Death of Marat"
Jaques-Louis David
NEOCLASSICAL |
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Term
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Definition
"Raft of Medusa"
Gericault
ROMANTICISM |
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Term
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Definition
"Third of MAy, 1808"
Francisco GOYA
ROMANTICISM |
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Term
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Definition
"Stone Breakers"
Gustave Courbet
REALISM |
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Term
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Definition
"Happy Accidents of the Swing"
ROCOCO
by Poussin (classic style) |
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Definition
"man in the red turban"
Jan Van Eyck self portrait |
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Definition
Madonna of the rocks
DA VINCI charcoal |
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