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Arranging, Orchestration (Strings)
Strings definitions and terms to know
19
Music
Undergraduate 4
01/23/2012

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Term
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Definition
Term
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Definition
Term
Double, Triple, Quadruple Stop
Definition
One or both pitches are played on an open string
Term
Glissando
Definition
sliding one finger on one string from one pitch to another.
Term
portamento
Definition
natural un emphasized glissando
Term
detache' (fr.)
Definition
non legato bowing, performed by changing the direction of the bow for each note.
Term
loure' (fr.) Portato (It.)
Definition
slightly seperating the notes while the bow is being drawn across the string.
Term
staccato
Definition
detached or seperate.
Term
Martele'(fr.) Martellato or Marcato (It.)
Definition
"to hammer" a fast well articulated heavy separate stroke, resembling a sforzando.
Term
Conscious Spitccato (it.)
Definition
slow or moderate tempo, player makes effort to make the bow bounce.
Term
Spontaneous Spiccato
Definition
Also called saltando

Player does not have to make a conscious effort to lift the bow
Term
Slurred Spiccato
Definition
spiccato notes grouped together in a single bow stroke.
Term
Jete' (fr.) Ricochet (Eng)
Definition
The upper third of the bow is thrown on the string so that it will bounce, producing from two to six or more rapid pitches.
Term
Arpeggiando
Definition
On the string slurring of an arpeggio at a fast tempo, cuasing the spontaneous bouncing of the string.
Term
Bowed Tremolo
Definition
Single pitch is repeated as often as possible durig the length of the note by means of short, quick up and down bow strokes.
Term
fingered tremolo
Definition
interval of a second or larger is quickly repeated, like a trill. notes are slurred together.
Term
sul ponticello (it.) au chevalet (fr.) am steg (ger.)
Definition
this effect is produced by playing very near or right on the bridge instead of between the fingerboard and the bridge.
Term
col legno (it.) avec le bois (fr.) mit holz (ger)
Definition
using the wood of the bow instead of the string
Term
pizzacato
Definition
plucking the strings instead of bowing.
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