Shared Flashcard Set

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ARE- SPD
Site Planning & Design
113
Architecture
Professional
04/15/2011

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

frost line

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The expected maximum depth of frost penetration in the ground in a given area.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

slope

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Inclination or slant , especially of the ground surface.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

effective temperature

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A fictitious temperature which would produce the same physiological effect as the combined effects of temperature, humidity, and air movement.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

bearing

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

In surveying, a direction stated in degrees, minutes, and seconds as an angular deviation east or west from due north or south.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

ground water level

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The level below which the subsoil is completely saturated with water. Also call the water table

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

macadam

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Paving using crushed stone.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

water cycle

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The general pattern of movement of the water on, under, and above the earth.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

frontage

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The length of a lot line along a street or public way.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

lot

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The smallest identifiable parcel of land in a city

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

parterre

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An ornamental garden arrangement

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

exedra

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A semicircular open area, with or without a roof, providing a continuous seat.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

landscaping

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The design and arrangement of natural elements on a site.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

culvert

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A length of pipe, running under a road or other barrier, used to drain or carry water.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

pad

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An approximately level building area.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

sewer

Definition

Site Planning & Design

An underground pipe or drain used to carry off rain water (storm sewer) or waste matter (sanitary sewer).

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

lot area

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The total horizontal area within the boundary lines of a parcel of land.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

environment

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The natural and man made things, conditions, and influences surrounding a person, community, or place.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

air rights

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The rights to the use or control of the air space above a property.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

catchment

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The geographic area from which the participants in an activity are drawn, such as the customers of a shopping center or the employees of a manufacturing plant.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

 

sanitary sewer

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An underground pipe or drain to carry off waste matter.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

way

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A street, alley or other thoroughfare or easement permanently established for passage of persons or vehicles.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

datum

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A horizontal plane elevation used as a reference for other elevation in surveying and mapping.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

invert

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The lowest pont of the inside of a drain, pipe, channel, or other liquid-carrying conduit.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

granolith

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Concrete used for paving which uses crushed granite as the coarse aggregate

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

yard

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An open, unoccupied space, other than a court, unobstructed to the sky, on the lot on which a building is situated.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

site planning

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Designing the external physical environment in which buildings and structures are placed.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

croachment

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The extension of a building into the property of another.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

swale

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A graded flow path used in open drainage systems

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

 

albedo

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Reflectivity measured as the relative permeability of a surface to radiant energy flowing in either direction.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

dry well

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A pit, usually filled with coarse stone, into which water is conducted for leaching out into surrounding soil.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

 

storm sewer

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A sewer for carrying away surface rain water, as opposed to sanitary sewage.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

utility

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A public service, such as telephone, water, gas, or electricity.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

catch basin

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A sievelike device at the entrance to a storm sewer which traps matter that could block the sewer.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

runoff coefficient

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The percentage of total rainfall which is not absorbed in the ground and, hence, runs off. It must be collected in a system of surface and subsurface drains.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

survey

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The process of determining location, form, and boundaries of a parcel of land by measurement, computation, and drawing.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

block

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A division of urban land, normally private property, which is surrounded by public streets, and which is officially established and recorded.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

buildable area

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The net ground area of a lot which can be covered by a building after required setbacks and other zoning limitations have been accounted for.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

azimuth

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A horizontal angle measure clockwise from north or south.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

run-off

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The surface flow of water from an area.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

berm

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A bank of earth, often piled up against a wall.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

manhole

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A hole through which a person can enter a sewer, pipe, conduit, and so on for inspection, repair, or maintenance. 

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

subsoil

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The soil layer beneath the topsoil.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

windbreak

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Structures or plants which, because of their form and location, reduce wind velocities.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

cut and fill

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Earth which is removed (cut) and earth which is added (fill) in grading.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

erosion

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The gradual wearing away or disintegration of land caused by water, wind, and so on running over its surface.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

coniferous

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Describing cone-bearing evergreen trees and shrubs, such as pine, spruce, fir, and cedar.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

 

building line

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A line, usually parallel to a property line, beyond which a structure may not extend.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

earthwork

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Removing and/or adding earth in order to bring the ground surface to a specified elevation or profile.

Also called grading.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

grading

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Removing and/or adding earth in order to bring the ground surface to specified elevation or profile.

Also called earthwork.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

elevation

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The height above a known point of reference, often taken as the height above sea level.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

latitude

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The number of degrees north or south of the equator of a point on the earth's surface.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

discharge

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Flow from a culvert, sewer, or other channel.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

 

environmental impact statement

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A statement, often required by a governmental body, which assesses the environmental impact of a proposed development.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

finish grade

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The elevation of the ground surface after completion of all work.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

transpiration

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The process by which water vapor escapes into the atmosphere from plants.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

court

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A space, open and unobstructed to the sky, located at or above grade, and bounded on three or more sides by the walls of a building.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

access right

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The right of an owner to have ingress and egress to and from a property.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

off-street parking

Definition

Site Planning & Design

Space provided for vehicular parking separate from the dedicated street right-of-way.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

super block

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A very large area of land in which all through traffic is eliminated, but which may be penetrated by cul-de-sacs or minor loop roads.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

cluster

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A type of residential siting in which a series of housing units are grouped closely together and surrounded by open space.

Term
NEW
Definition
Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

property line

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A legal boundary of a parcel of land.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

climate

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The prevailing or average weather conditions of a place as determined over a number of years.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

wind chill index

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A fictitious temperature assigned to a combination of actual temperature and wind velocity which has the same physiological effect as still air at the wind chill index temperature. It is also know as chill factor.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

chill factor

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A fictitious temperature assigned to a combination of actual temperature and wind velocity which has the same physiological effect as still air at the chill factor temperature. It is know as wind chill index.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

contour interval

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The difference of elevation between adjacent contour lines.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

land coverage

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The ratio of the area covered by buildings to the total lot area, expressed as a percentage.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

court pattern

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A housing pattern in which units face into a common open space.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

grade

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The rate of rise or descent of a sloping surface. Also, to remove and/or add earth in order to bring the ground surface to specified elevation or profile.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

water table

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The level below which the subsoil is completely saturated with water. Also call the groundwater level.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

baffle

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A partial obstruction against flow, in a duct or pipe.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

evergreen

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Trees having green leaves throughout the year, as opposed to deciduous.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

bench

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An excavated, level terrace in a slope used to collect running water.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

microclimate

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The climatic characteristics unique to a very small area.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

dew point

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The temperature of air at which the water contained in the air begins to condense and form dew. It is therefore the temperature at which the air is at 100% relative humidity.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

aquifer

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An underground geological formation through which water flows.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

barrier-free

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Having no environmental barriers, thereby permitting free access and circulation by the handicapped.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

flood plain

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The land surrounding a flowing stream over which water spreads when a flood occurs.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

humidity

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The amount or degree of moisture in an area, a determining element of weather.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

plane

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A flat or level surface.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

spot elevation

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The elevation of specified point on the ground or on a structure.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

contour

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

An imaginary line on the ground surface connecting all points of equal elevation.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

bollard

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A stone guard to prevent damage to a wall; also a freestanding stone post to divert vehicular traffic.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

backfill

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Earth that is replaced around a foundation or retaining wall after the concrete forms have been removed.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

plat

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A plan of city or subdivision, showing the boundaries of individual properties.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

drainage

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The process of controlling, collecting, transporting and disposing of excess water.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

improved land

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Land on which buildings have not yet been constructed, but which contains utilities and streets.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

handicapped parking

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

One or more spaces designated for physically handicapped persons, requiring special design and dimensions.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

setback

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The minimum distance from the property line into which a structure may not extend.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

gazebo

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A belvedere or viewing place.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

degree day (dd)

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The amount by which the average outdoor temperature at a particular location is below 65 degrees Fahrenheit for one day. Degree days may also be summed and stated for a month or year.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

plot

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A parcel of land.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

lot line

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The boundary line of a lot.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

gradient

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The rate of slope between two points on a surface, determined by dividing their vertical difference in elevation by their horizontal distance apart.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

ecology

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The study of the total pattern of relations between a community or organisms and its environment.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

ring road

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A circumferential or loop roadway around an urban area or development.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

linear pattern

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A pattern of land use which develops along a line, such as a highway or river.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

altitude

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The angle which the sun makes with the horizon.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

deciduous

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Trees wich shed leaves annually, as opposed to evergreens.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

alley

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Any public way or thoroughfare 10 to 16 feet in width which has been dedicated or deeded to the public for public use.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

bikeway

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A road or path reserved for bicycle traffic.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

grade separation

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The intersection of two roads at different levels so that vehicles may move from one road to the other without crossing the stream of traffic. Also called interchange.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

planting strip

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A landscaped strip of ground between a pedestrian walk and a street.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

soil boring log

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

A log showing the types of soil encountered in a test boring and other relevant information.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

drain tile

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

Clay pipe, usually with open joints, used to convey water away from a footing or to disperse liquid in a septic tank field.

Term

4.0 Site Planning & Design

excavation

Definition

4.0 Site Planning & Design

The digging or removal of earth.

Term

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

Incentive Zoning

 

 

 

Definition

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

Allows waivers from specific restrictions for developments which proved certain public amenities. 

 

For example, a building may be allowed extra square footage or height in exchange for a public courtyard. 

 

Term

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

If a reduction of sound, glare, and dust were requirements for a ground cover material, what material might best qualify?

 

 

Definition

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

Grass:

Grass and other ground covers reduce sound, have a low ALBEDO, and will minimize the amount of dust at a site.  

 

 

 

Term

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

What typical site constraints affect a grading plan?

 

 

Definition

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

  1. Existing trees and shrubs to be saved, transplanted or removed. 
  2. The finished floor heigt of existing structures.
  3. The finish grade of existing roads. 
  4. Existing land forms; are they worth saving or will grading cause erosion problems?
  5. The property line; grade must be met at the property line and excess runoff cannot be diverted to adjacent properties. 

 


 

 

Term

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

coordinates

 

 

Definition

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

Measurements from a fixed vertical (north/south) or horixontal (east/west) line used to locate a point. The vertical origin line is reffered to as Y, and teh horizontal origin line is referred to as X. 


To locate a point, a grid system is established from the point of origin. Distances are measured from the Y and X axes. 

[image] 

 

 

Term

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

A beautiful 200 year old oak tree will be saved on a construction site. How can the site be graded to avoid damage to the tree?

 

Definition

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

No grading should occur with the drip line of the tree; the drip line indicates the boundary of the tree outer roots.


Minor cuts and fills near a tree  should be made with stacked rock walls forming wells. This is an expensive solution, but allows for adequate mosture and air to circulate around the tree trunk. 

[image]

 

Term

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

What test methods can be used to determine the BEARING CAPACITY of soil?

 

Definition

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

CORE BORINGS: Soil is removed at regular depths to determine moisture content, density and porosity. 


TEST PITS: Visual inspection fo the soil conditions by digging and open trench 


AUGER BORINGS: An auger bit is used to bring uip soil samples. Best if used in sand or clay at shallow depths. 


WASH BORINGS: Samples are taken with a 2 inch to 4 inch diameter pipe which forces to bring uip the soil mix. 


SOIL LOAD TEST: A test if soil settlement. 

 

Term

 

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

Cummulative Zoning

 

Definition

 

3.1Archi: Site Planning & Design

A multi-use distirict or zone. 

Allows for residnetial use in commericial zones and commercial use in industrial zones. 

 

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