Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Architecture & Society Final
Lecture Notes
163
Architecture
Undergraduate 1
05/03/2008

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
5 Levels of Design
Definition

Shelter

Climate

Convenience/Functionality

View/Beauty

Meaning/Communication

Term

Architecture

Definition
the physical embodiment of who we are as individuals and who we are collectively as a culture
Term

Bishop's Palace

Galveston, TX

Definition

Nicholas John Clayton

  • Representative of people and culture of city
  • Represents a moment in Texas culture
  • Eclectic
  • Gentle, Feminine, Soft Details
Term

Foam House

Austin, TX

Definition

Charles Harker

  • Hippies, Rebellion, Reinventions (1960's)
  • Rejecting Old Traditions
  • Organic/Extension of Landscape
  • New Technology
Term
Bad Design
Definition
arbitrary solution to an indeterminate problem/issue ("flaky")
Term
Good Design
Definition
solutions to indeterminate issues based on values
Term
Things that Affect Values
Definition
  • Personality/personal characteristics
  • Exposure to various things, ideas, or places
  • Age, era, current technology, and politics
  • Choices and beliefs (based on previous 3 things)
Term

Hugo Haering

(Overarching Values)

Definition
  • Society depends on individuals
  • Nature is man's great teacher
Term

Hugo Haering

(Architectural Values)

Definition
  • Design is intuitive, emotional, and spiritual
  • Beauty is relevant
  • Each building is unique
  • Function, then Expression
Term

Mies van der Rohe

Overarching Values

Definition
  • Society depends on its institution
  • The collective knowledge of western tradition is man's great teacher
  • "reason is the first principle of all human work"
Term

Mies van der Rohe

(Architectural Values)

Definition
  • Design is a rational process
  • Beauty is universal
  • Architecture should exemplify the spirit of its age/era
  • Construction and structure are the primary criteria of architecture
Term

Albert Speer

(Overarching Values)

Definition
  • Society depends on its leaders
  • Fate is the great controller of our destiny

 

Term

Albert Speer

(Architectual Values)

Definition
  • Design is a tool for communicating ideas
  • Buildings should be representative of their genetic type
  • Richness, wonder, and drama are the overriding characteristics of architecture
  • Architecture is a means to greatness (immorality)
  • Classic values are the great teachers (Greek&Roman)
Term

Farm at Gut Garkau

Germany

Definition

Hugo Haering

  • All-purpose
  • Movement and order based on functionality
  • Farm shaped by farming processes
  • Unique solutions to generic problems
Term

Barcelona Pavilion

Spain

Definition

Mies van der Rohe

  • Enough space for function
  • No definition of space; room for freedom
  • "less is more"
  • Minimal elegance
Term

Farnsworth House

Illinois

Definition

Mies van der Rohe

  • Flood plane
  • One room made of glass suspended above ground
  • Steel structure
  • Exposed structural materials
Term

New State Chancellery

Berlin, Germany

Definition

Albert Speer

  • Hitler's offices
  • Sequence of portals and guards resemble Hitler's power
  • Society depends on its leaders
Term

Sensual/Visual Form

Triad

Definition
  1. Firmness
  2. Commodity
  3. Delight
Term
Firmness
Definition

structurally sound and physical requirements of the building;climate control

 

(physical considerations)

Term

Commodity

Definition

accommodation of activity and life;functionality

 

(human factors)

Term
Delight
Definition
issues of form
Term
(12) Elements of Form
Definition
  1. Balance
  2. Proportion
  3. Symmetry
  4. Light
  5. Space
  6. Shape
  7. Line
  8. Color
  9. Material
  10. Scale
  11. Rhythm
  12. Texture
Term

Cathedral, Chartres

France

Definition
  • Motivated by religion
  • Connection of Mary and Christ
  • Limestone
  • Elements of form: symmetry, balance, texture, color, light, scale
Term

Chateau

France

Definition

Le Vau/Le Notre/Le Brun

  • Motivated to be the most powerful house
  • Show's architect's power
  • Begining of the ideas for the palace at Versaille's
  • Elements of form: texture, color, scale, space
  • Intimacy and power
Term

Taj Mahal

(India)

Definition
  • Motivated by grief
  • Elements of form: proportion, symmetry, shape, light, material, scale
Term

Chapel, Ronchamps

France

Definition

Le Corbusier

  • Spiritualiy (not religion)
  • Pilgrimage chapel for women
  • Relative beauty
  • Elements of form: shape, line, texture, color, space, light/drama, rhythm
Term

Aspects of

Intellectual and Artistic Expression

Definition
  • Beautiful and provocative
  • Social Attitude/morality
  • Rules of Painting
  • Hypocrisy
  • Political Views
Term

Periods of Thought-Provoking

Architecture

Definition
  • Renaissance
  • Modern (20th Century)
Term

Themes of

Intellectual Architecture/Art

Definition
  • Order (mathematical clarity)
  • Complexity
  • Technique
Term

Villa Rotunda

Italy

Definition

Palladio

  • Astronomy connection
  • Perfect Shapes
  • "Puzzle"
  • Cosmic Center
  • Harmony by Proportion
  • Nothing can be added or subtracted without destroying the whole
Term

Casa Rotunda

Switzerland

Definition
  • Perfect Cirlce
  • Expression of clarity/order overrides function
Term

Dormitory at Bryn Mawr

Pennsylvania

Definition

Louis Kahn

  • Analysis of dorm function
  • Establishing architecture
  • Public spaces purposely distributed
  • Strict shapes and formal composition
  • Orderly rhythm
Term

S. Carlo alla Quattro Fontante

Rome

Definition

Borromini

  • Abiguity
  • Facade vs. piazza
  • Central organization vs. linear
  • Ellipse instead of circle
  • Shades of gray (both/and not either/or)
Term

Denver Museum of Art

Colorado

Definition

Daniel Liebskind

  • Controversy about confusion
  • Disorientation/Instability
  • Exciting and dynamic
  • "mysterious" light
  • No right angles
Term

S. Andrea

Italy

Definition

Alberti

  • Technique/technology
  • Walls penetrated by holes
  • Merging technology
  • How forces move
  • Weight arried downward
  • Logic and analysis
Term

Shroeder House

Holland

Definition

Gerrit Rietveld

  • Technology
  • Industril
  • "house of cards"
  • Big windows and sheets of glass

 

Term

Centre Pompideau

Paris, France

Definition

Piano and Rogers

  • Museum for modern art
  • Technnology and mechanics
  • Exposed structure
  • Connections
  • Modern Era
Term
Fibonacci Sequence
Definition

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, ...

  • Golden Section (.618034)
  • Pyramids (5/8)
  • Golden Spiral
  • DNA, Sunflowers, Pinecones, etc.
Term

The Pyramids

Egypt

Definition
  • Equilateral Triangles
  • 5/8 ratio
  • Same proportion and geometry throughout
  • Face N,E,S,W exactly
  • Numbers create a structurally sound building
Term
Designs for Chaux
Definition

Claude Ledoux

  • Perfect environment=Perfect society
  • Circles
  • Designed around salt functions and its geometric properties
  • Rings
Term
Reasons for Number Use
Definition
  • Elevating a building
  • Mysticism/Spirituality
  • Economy and Practicality/Efficiency
  • Intellectual Puzzle
  • Creating an iconic building
Term

Stockholm Library

Sweden

Definition

Gunnar Asplund

  • Elevated the idea of books and language
  • Squares and circles
  • Enter through center of the circle
  • Surrounded by books
Term

Guggenheim Museum

New York

Definition

Frank Lloyd Wright

  • Modern art museum
  • Make collection have presence in the city
  • Squares, circles, triangles
  • Plain
  • Simple, abstract Geometry
Term

U.S. Pavilion at Expo

Montreal, Canada

Definition

Buckminster Fuller

  • Aware of resources
  • Least amount of steel used
  • Solution: dome
  • Hexagon, sphere
  • Technological advancement
  • Shading to reduce heat absorption
  • Early space missions exhibits
Term

Zollverein School of Design

Germany

Definition

Kazuyo Sejima

  • Set apart from industrial surrounding
  • Squares
  • Windows distrbuted differently
  • Open Floor Plans
  • Light fixtures on a grid
Term

Capito Buildings

Dacca, Bangledesh

Definition

Louis Kahn

  • Discontinuous Pakistan=2 capitols
  • Abstract geometry
  • Cylinders, Squares, Triangles, Circles
  • Concrete & Marble
  • People transcended old culture and the building became iconic
Term
Houses
Definition

Peter Eisenman

  • Vacation and main houses
  • Theory: people can live anywhere (no need for function)
  • Names: House 1, House 2, etc.
  • Generates form from geometry
  • Everything come from a math puzzle
  • Intersection of planes, squares, etc.
Term
Natural Sources of Form
Definition
  • Materials (resources)
  • Phenomena (wind, sun, rainfall)
  • Patterns of Movement (water, people)
  • Physiognomy (forms themselves)
Term

Wat Arun and Royal Palace

Thailand

Definition
  • Extensions of nature
  • Markets in canals
  • Inspirations: hats, praying hands, graceful dances, wats (Buddhist temples)
Term
French Impressionist Movement
Definition
  • Light
  • Movement
  • Texture
  • Realistic Design
  • Furniture Design
  • Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Term

Casa Mila

Spain

Definition

Antonio Guadi

  • Apartment building
  • Inspired by nature
  • Nature is sacred
  • Coastline, mountains
  • Spider-Web-Like
  • No right angles
  • Magical Landscape
  • Manmade and natural materials are interwoven
  • Ventilation using wind towers
Term

Dipoli Student Union

Finland

Definition

Reia Pietila

  • Fits into the site
  • Boulders taken from surrounding areas
  • Heavily treed
  • Transparency
  • VCanopy
  • Interior has natural qualities
Term

TWA Terminal at Kennedy Airport

New York

Definition

Eero Saarinen

  • Transatlantic flights
  • Flight (Phenomena)
  • Birds and Dragons
  • Lighter than air feeling
  • Movement of people
  • Transforming man into bird
Term

Phaeno Science Center

Germany

Definition

Zaha Hadid

  • Understanding of science and organisms
  • Movement of people under building
  • Cave like underneath
Term

Guggenheim Museum

Spain

Definition

Frank Gehry

  • Built on a river
  • Fluidity, Hydrodynamics, Active water
  • Scales and fish
  • Rhythm from movement
Term

St. Ignatius Chapel

Seattle

Definition

Steven Holl

 

Sensual/Visual Form: Curvilinear and juxtaposing shapes, complex space, mysterious light, colors and light, contrasting textures

 

Intellectual Form: Happiness vs. Depression, Light vs. Dark, Sense of clarity and order, extensive technique, complex solutions to catholic ceremonies (seven bottles of light)

 

Geometric/Numerical: golden section, shapes

Organic/Nature: growth, light, landscape

 

Term

Museum of Contemporary Art of the XXI Centur

Japan

Definition

Kazuyo Sejima

 

Elements of form: shape in chairs

 

Intellectual: art itself, relaxation areas for relief, perception twisting

Term

Jewish Museum

Berlin, Germany

Definition

Daniel Liebskind

  • Emotional content
  • Enter underground (like Jewish victims)
  • No direct progression through galleries (disorientation)
  • Elements of form: jagged shape, metallic/cold/slick texture, stacatto rhythm, light and darkness
  • Garden Piers: meaning through numbers and symbolism through natural soil
  • Form depicts Jewish experience
Term

21st Century Concerns with

Site Planning

Definition
  • Energy Consumption
  • Resource Consumption
  • Land Consumption
  • Waste Disposal
  • Toxicity
Term

Monte Alban

Mexico

Definition
  • Site is about flatness in the midst of mountains
  • Connection to the sky and nature (gods)
  • Replication of mountains surrounding a valley
  • A buildingcan become a part of nature
Term

Acoma

New Mexico

Definition
  • Flat desert landscape with riased cliffs
  • Protection against enemies
  • Emulates qualities/character of the landscape
  • Use the same soil/process to create its structures
  • Replicates caves for coolness
  • Looed at nature in a technological way
Term

Mont St. Michel

France

Definition
  • Flat coastal plains
  • Rock said to be sacred
  • Vertical construction
  • feel like you're constantly in the landscape
  • Drawn on the characteristics of the landscape
Term

Falling Water

Pennsylvania

Definition

Frank Lloyd Wright

  • Building "disappears"
  • Sedimentary landscape
  • Tiers of rock/terraces
  • Shaped with tiers of stone and vertical beams
  • Materials, color, and shape mimic nature
  • Never going outside or inside
  • Chameleon quality
  • Said to be the most famous and important piece of U.S. architecture
Term

Condominiums at Sea Ranch

California

Definition

Moore/Lyndon/Turnbull/Whitaker

  • Vacation homes
  • Physical considerations
  • "big wooden rock"
  • Horizon uninterupted
  • Courtyard response to wind
  • Structural system and materials used from around the environment
Term

Taliesin West

Arizona

Definition

Frank Lloyd Wright

  • Desert climate
  • Flatness, ruggedness, dryness
  • Local stones and materials
  • Thermal stability through dugouts
  • Combined dugouts and tents
  • Infinity of flatland/buildings
  • Reaction to the landscape
Term

Areas of Planning

Definition
  • Movement-transportation plan
  • Infrastructure-systems below the ground
  • Land use-location of functions/districts
  • Social services-delivery of social/economic systems
  • Environemental-resource planning
Term
3 E's of Austin
Definition

Environment**

Experiential

Economy

Term

Sea Ranch

California

Definition

Laurence Halprin, planner

  •  Forests away from coast
  • Minimizes impervious cover
  • Windbreaks for pastures and cattle
  • Grass holds soil intact
  • Shaped planning
  • Minimal instrusions to grass
  • Houses built against hedges
  • Planning control
Term

The Woodlands

Texas

Definition

Ian McHarg, planner

  • Ecologically correct
  • Flat, dense clay, pine trees
  • Located higher/lower grounds
  • "detention ponds" on lower areas to prevent flooding (public spaces)
  • Beautified ponds/drainage
  • Minimal pavement/street width
  • Decking instead of concrete for hardscape
Term
Hill Towns in Tuscany, Italy
Definition
  • Follow ecological principles
  • Gopher systems
Term

4 Forces

(breaking of molecular bonds)

Definition
  • Tension
  • Compression
  • Bending
  • Sheer
Term
Building Forms
Definition
  • Bearing
  • Bending
Term

Common Building Materials

Definition
  • Wood (tension and bending)
  • Steel (tension, compression, bending)
  • Brick (compression, bad in tension/bending)
  • Stone/Concrete (similar to brick)
  • Reinforced Steel Concrete (bending)
Term

The Pantheon

Rome

Definition
  • Dome relieves compressive loads
  • Stone walls
  • Transfers loads throughout structure
  • Brick, stone, rubble, concrete
Term

Hagia Sophia

Constantinople

Definition
  • Domes more complex
  • Semi-domes, vaults, squinches
  • Masonry
  • Transfer of loads through compression in piers
  • Engineering marvel
Term

Maisons Jaoul

France

Definition

Le Corbusier

  • Utility of compressive structure
  • Brick, vaults
  • Lateral thrust reinforced by steel
Term

Colosseum

Rome

Definition
  • Compressive structure
  • Thickens as the structure moves down
  • Shows how concrete fails/succeeds
Term

Point du Gard

France

Definition
  • Aqueduct
  • Water forces
  • Infrastructure
  • Understanding compressive loads
  • Delicate at top
Term

Ames Gate Lodge

Massachusetts

Definition

H.H. Richardson

  • Local stone gathered
  • Keeps physical character
  • Sense of strength
  • Skinny opennings that are tall
  • Wood at top carries roof
  • Arches are necessary for structure
Term

Town Hall

Massachusetts

Definition

H.H. Richardson

  • Explanation of different masontry materials
  • Rock, stone, brick
  • Light at top strategy
  • Heavy arches
  • Weight transfer
  • representation of physical forces of nature
Term

Morse and Stiles Hall

Yale University

Definition

Eero Saarinan

  • Heavy masontry (concrete) walls
  • Used gothic ideas instead of mimicing gothic design
  • Concrete Matrix
  • Inventive use of structure
  • Context, materials structure, expression
Term

Strimling House

Massachusetts

Definition

Maurice Smith

  • Explicit bending structure
  • Frame gives house its character
  • Wood framing creates expression
Term

Lake Shore Drive Apartments

Chicago

Definition

Mies van der Rohe

  • Simple concret grid plan
  • Angled strategically to optimize views
  • Structural shape to resist forces
  • I beams
  • Reinforced joints
  • Performance and expression steel
Term

Deereand Co. Headquarters

Illinois

Definition

Eero Saarinan

  • Steel
  • Expresses nature of steel and tractors
  • New steel and tractors
  • New steel technology
  • Strategic building
Term
Construction Process
Definition
  1. Site work (preparing the ground to receive work)
  2. Foundation (reinforced concrete)
  3. Create structural system (beam, columns, walls, etc.)
  4. Create thermal and moisture barriers (insulation, caulk, etc.)
  5. Partitions (shaping spaces)
  6. Systems (electricity plumbing, HVAC, etc.)
  7. Finishes (paint, marble, carpet, etc.)
Term
Construction Innovation
Definition
  • Pre fabricated roofs
  • Streamline
  • Hilton Hotel in SA
  • Saves time and money
  • CAD generated by designer
Term

Cathedral

France

Definition
  • Efficient
  • Compressive materials (stone)
  • Flying buttress
  • Tall spaces (vaults and arches)
  • Self scaffolding walls
  • Trusses out of wood pegs and hoists
  • "divide and conquor"
Term

S. Maria della Flore

Italy

Definition

Arnolfo di Cambio and Flippo Brunelleschi

  • 166 years to build
  • Pantheond dome was 'lost art'
  • Dome was a ribbed drum with 2 layers and chains
Term

Sydney Opera House

Australia

Definition

Jorn Utzon

  • 14 years to build
  • Steel, concrete, etc. hard to work with
  • First building ever modeled on the computer
  • Sections of same sphere
  • Structural glass library
Term
External Considerations
Definition
  • Sun
  • Thermal Issues
  • Heat zones
  • Heat gain
  • Ventilation
Term
Components of Sun's Angles
Definition
  • Altitude (angle to horizon)
  • Azimuth (cardinal points)
Term

Issues in Response to

the Sun

Definition
  • Massing
  • Fenestration
  • Solar Shading
Term
Massing
Definition

shape, length, width, height

 

  • Long North and South walls
  • Short East and West walls
Term
Fenestration
Definition

doors, windows, holes, etc.

  • Glass on South facade
  • North is 2nd best for windows
  • East is 3rd best
Term
Solar Shading
Definition

catches heat before it reaches the building

  • Horizontal facing South side (high sun)
  • Vertical fins on East and West sides (low sun)
  • None on North side
Term

Cameron Offices

Australia

Definition

John Andrews

  • Strictly follows 3 responses to sun/heat
  • Veranda creates circulation
  • Courtyard creates a microclimate
  • Old technology solves 'new' problems
Term

Tenneco Building

Houston, TX

Definition

S.O.M.

  • Solar shading-setting glass back from steel shading on all sides
  • Microclimate helps AC costs
  • Practical solutions
Term

Secretariat Building

India

Definition

Le Corbusier

  • SW worst place-little Surface area, no windows
  • Fenestration on SE side
  • Solid short ends; solar shaded long ends
  • Public spaces are open and ventilated
Term

Palace of Justice

India

Definition

Le Corbusier

  • Short SW wall
  • Shading Umbrella
  • Terrace on top (usable outdoor space)
  • Solar shading takes over when parasol system doesn't work
  • Waterway cools breezes
  • Intense climate response
Term

Assembly Building

India

Definition

Le Corbusier

  • SE side has deep porch
  • Horizontal and vertical shading
  • Assembly spaces track sun
  • Calculated interaction between building and sun
Term

Buildings Responding to the

1970's Energy Crisis

Definition
  • Southern Orientation
  • Solar Shading
  • Thermal Mass (tubes of water)
  • Insulation
  • Ventilation/Circulation
Term

Dominus Winery

California

Definition

Herzog and de Mueron

  • Design is a result of understanding building response, climate, and physical considerations
  • Precise angles to the sun and strategic building/vine placement
  • Almost perfect massing
  • Little obstruction to natural drainage
  • Clever water distribution
  • Massive bearing walls made out of concrete
  • Gabions cretae breezes/ventilation
  • Connection to natural forces
Term

Simpson-Lee House

Australia

Definition

Glenn Murcutt

  • Home for economist couple
  • Sensible and sensitive to nature
  • Relating to the land through hill curve
  • No AC, efficient fireplace and ventilation
  • Untouched water run-off
  • Pumping system prevents fires
  • Pre fabricated steel
  • Exposed construction process
  • Fenestration hangs over South side
  • Big open doors catch breezes
Term
Factors of Craft (beauty)
Definition
  • Economy
  • Complexity
  • Potency
Term

Ernstings Warehouse

Germany

Definition

Santiago Caletrava

  • Walls made for economical/structural needs
  • Doors hinged at curves create beauty
  • Takes necessity and economy to a new level of beauty
Term

Volantin Bridge

Spain

Definition

Santiago Caletrava

  • Lyrical and strong
  • Cables carry loads throughout
  • Fuid motion
  • Suspension element
  • Reflection
  • Fish-like
Term

Lyon Airport Station

France

Definition

Santiago Caletrava

  • Structural forces (trains)
  • Glass used for orientation
  • Sunshade systems
  • Physical forces create the natural form
Term

City of Arts and Sciences

Spain

Definition

Santiago Caletrava

  • Fidelity to physical considerations
  • Ribbing, rhythm, structure
  • Planetarium (climate control and ventiation)
Term

Milwaukee Art Museum

 

Definition

Santiago Caletrava

  • 21st century emblem
  • 2 parts (concrete-solidity, steel-light)
  • Fluidity of concrete
  • Diffused vs. direct light
  • "wings"
Term

Athens Olympic Sports Complex

Greece

Definition

Santiago Caletrava

  • Bridge like arched elements
  • New roof in response to needs and physical constraints
  • Waved facade
  • Water and shade used for climate control
Term
Reasons for Organization/Designation
Definition
  • Practicality
  • "injecting" cultural values/taboos
  • Sense of claim and possession

Modern Society

  • Efficiency and convenience
  • Incorporation of permanent achines/appliances
Term
Urban Level
Definition
  • Practicality: zoning laws and land-use planning
  • Cultural Vales: zoning laws and aldn-use planning
  • Claiming: departments in specific
  • Efficiency: public transportation
  • Machines: acoustics
Term

Stoughton House

Massachusetts

Definition

H.H. Richardson

  • Designed around designation
  • Front hall very important
  • Study, living room, dining room
  • Functional
Term

Glessner House

Illinois

Definition

H.H. Richardson

  • business vs. casual spaces
  • butler/servant bypasses
  • Circular dining room for social dinners
  • Evening entertainment sequence
Term

History Faculty

England

Definition

James Stirling

  • Perfect diagram of its function
  • Main desk is immediately visible and accessible
  • Expression from function
  • Immediate directions upon entrance
Term

Exeter Library

New Hampshire

Definition

Louis Kahn

  • Heart of the campus
  • Taller than other buildings
  • Most public spaces closer to campus
  • Ceremonial activities in central locations
Term

Indian Institute of Management

India

Definition

Louis Kahn

  • Very large scale
  • Architectural character revolves around function
  • Designated areas for members of the school
Term

Books Studying

Human Behavior

(Apes)

Definition
  • The Naked Ape-Destiny Morris
  • Territorial Imperaative
  • Aggression
Term

3 Relationships Between

Behavior and Environment

Definition
  • Conforming Uses
  • Implied Uses
  • Accommodating Uses
Term

Baker House Dormitory

Massachusetts

Definition

Alvar Alto

  • Always thinking about the amenitites for students
  • Curves walls created more space for more rooms
  • Sensitive to people's situations
  • Changes Lives
Term
Ways We Communicate Meaning
Definition
  • Literal Direct (immediat)
  • Literal-Indirect (association-most common)
  • Abstract (psychological state)
Term
Humanism Values
Definition
  • Asserting the dignity of worth of humans
  • Promoting the act of self realization
  • Reason and logic
Term

6 Factors in Humanistic Design

(Architecture)

Definition
  • Use of plain materials (wood, iron, etc.)
  • Sensible construction (reason)
  • Comfort; Understanding how the body works
  • Practicality and efficiency
  • Cleanliness
  • Absence of ornament
Term

Paimio Sanatorium

Finland

Definition

Alvar Aalto

  • TB Patients
  • Better life for patients
Term

Library

Viipuri, Finland

Definition

Alvar Aalto

  • different character for different functions
  • Even, diffused light throughout
  • Librarian surveillance
  • Lecture hall with good acoustics
Term

Resurrection Chapel

Finland

Definition

Erik Bryggman

  • Soothing funeral chapel
  • Soft lines and colors
  • Tranquil forrested area
  • Sensitivity to grief
Term

8 Ways to Build A

Humane Environment

Definition
  1. Convenience
  2. Accommodation of a wide range of activities
  3. Wide range of people-accommodation
  4. Signs of human presence
  5. Personal or human scale
  6. Variety of visual experience concurrent with harmony and continuity
  7. Freedom from intrustion or dstraction
  8. Periodic natural relief
Term

Kresge College

California

Definition

Charles Moore

  • Students had say in dorm design
  • Convenient layout
  • Intimate scale
  • Interlocking with the forests
Term

Byker

England

Definition

Ralph Erskine

  • Humane living environments
  • Creative rennovation
  • Mixed apartment sizes
Term

Tapiola New Town

Finland

Definition
  • Self-contained city
  • 5 different architects
  • Intricate scale
  • Multiple public areas
Term

San Antonio Riverwalk

Texas

Definition
  • Fix for flooding
  • Biggest tourist attraction
Term

Millenium Park-Crown Fountain

Chicago

Definition
  • Faces of Chicago
  • Water relief
  • Refreshing water plaza
Term

Hindu Temples

India

Definition
  • Religious Center
  • Sense of sexuality without taking away from Hindu teachings/beliefs
  • Litral-direct communication
Term

University of Virginia

Charlottesville

(vs. Pantheon, Rome)

Definition

Thomas Jefferson

  • Center for diverse students
  • Pretige and power
  • Unification of student body
  • Connection with power
  • Order, Character, Dignity
Term

5 Elements of Prestige

Definition
  • Tower
  • Focal Balcony
  • Arcade
  • Courtyard
  • Stairs
Term

Doge's Palace

Italy

Definition
  • Center of Venice
  • Sense of Importance and authority
  • Public/Private feeling
Term

Campidoglio

Rome

Definition

Michelangelo

  • Ensemble with new and existing buildings
  • 5 Elements
Term

Town Hall

Stockholm

Definition

Ragnar Otsber

  • Promminent Location
  • 5 Elements
  • Civic Quality
  • Indoor courtyard for climate
Term

City Hall

Boston

Definition

Kallman, McKinne4ll and Knowles

  • 5 Elements
  • Iconography
Term

St. Mary's Church

San Francisco

Definition

Pier Luigi Nervi and Pietro Belluschi

  • Away from traditional church
  • Focus shifted from priest to God
  • Ascends to heavens
  • Hyperbolic parabaloid reinforced with trusses
  • Vertical Focus
  • Abstract Communication
Term

LBJ Library

Austin, TX

Definition

S.O.M.

  • Landmark
  • Physical manifestation of LBJ
  • Acoustics, elements of form, etc.
  • Bigger than life; great power
Term

Austin Bergstom International Airport

Austin, TX

Definition
  • Massing and shaping comes from designation of use
  • Intuitive directions
  • Art creates humanistic qualities
  • Friendly, soft features
  • Representative of Austin
  • Indoors feel like outdoors
Term

Idea Store

London

Definition

David Adjae

  • Disguised Library
  • Heavily commuted
  • Jumps
Term

Stata Center @ MIT

Massachussetts

Definition

Frank Gehry

  • Aggressive form
  • Heighten social status of Computer Science students
  • Functional
  • Informal Workspace
Term

John Hancock Building

Boston, MA

Definition

I.M. Pei

  • Insurance Company
  • Beautiful sculpture reflective of nature
  • Strong in terms of form
  • Terrible in humanism, climate response, and structure
Term

Ayub Hospital

Bangladesh

Definition

Louis Kahn

  • Pure geometry
  • Strong in terms of form
  • Inhumane and insensitive
Term

Housing at La Defense

France

Definition

Emile Aillaird

  • Amoeba-shaped
  • Small apartments
  • Bad ventilation
  • No room for furniture
  • Irregular shape
Term

History Faculty

Cambridge

Definition

James Stirling

  • Good for function
  • Bad reponse to climate (leaky glass)
  • UV sunlight
  • Bad in physical considerations
Term

Medical Faculty

Brussels

Definition

Lucien Kroll

  • Humanistic-listened to clients
  • Mismatched designs
  • Nightmare in physical considerations
Term

Kresge Auditorium

Massachusetts

Definition

Eeron Saarinen

  • Experimental performance space
  • Perfect example of form through dome
  • Doesn't fit within campus
  • Disorientation
  • Bad acoustics
  • Not accessible for performance groups
Term

Centre Pompideau

Paris

Definition

Piano and Rogers

  • Impressive Physical Considerations
  • Not a good shape for auditoriums
  • Distracting exterior draws attention from paintings
  • Hard to navigate throughout exhibits
  • Looks dirty
  • Eyesore in a historic district
Term

Austin City Plan

Texas

Definition

Edwin Walker

  • Capitol placed on hill for importance
  • Grid structure
  • Basic elements/solutions delivered throught basic underlying structural system
  • All problems solved
Term

Savannah City Plan

 

Definition

James Oglethorpe

  • Prisoner colony
  • Houses oriented towards center of the ward
  • Human factors made the prisoners feel like citizens
Term

Central Beheer Offices

Holland

Definition

Herman Hertzberg

  • Smaller quads create unique grid
  • Soving several technical issues
  • Flexible privacy
Term

Kimball Art Museum

Fort Worth, TX

Definition

Louis Kahn

  • Best building in Texas
  • Tube of space, grid system, vaults, etc.
  • Linear quality of shape
Term

Modern Art Museum

Fort Worth, TX

Definition

Tandeo Ando

  • Tubes of space with Y frames
  • Series of galleries

 

Term
Speck's Best Buildings
Definition
  • De Young Museum
  •  Library in Seattle
  • Vals
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