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Architecture and Society
ARCH 2003 - Architecture and Society, Michael Rabens
28
Architecture
Undergraduate 2
03/07/2012

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Early Christian Architecture
Definition

-Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, which made Christianity the official religion (313 CE)

-They needed buildings to accomodate large congregations, began building Basilicas

-Famous Basilicas: Old St. Peter's, Santa Maria Maggiore

-Built Martyriums to mark holy sites

Term
Edict of Milan
Definition

-Issued by the emperor Constantine in 313 CE

-Proclaimed toleration for all religions of the Roman Empire

-made Christianity in effect the state religion

Term
Bascilica
Definition

-In Roman architecture, a hall used for public administration.

-A rectangular building that has a central section with a higher nave (taller central space) flanked by lower aisles on both long sides.

-An apse (semicircular projection) was set at one or both of the shorter ends.

-Adapted by Early Christians for church design, replacing one apse with an entrance, establishing the processional axis as the main length of the building, and placing the altar in the apse.

-Entered from the East (rising sun, birth of Christ, baptisim) and faced the West (altar, Last Supper, setting sun)

-Occidented

-Constantinian basilicas in Rome usually had wooden trusses for roofs, were lit by clerestory windows, and were covered in mosaics.

Term
Nave
Definition
In basilicas, the long high central space.
Term
Side Aisles
Definition
In basilicas, the aisles that flank the central nave.
Term
Old St. Peter's Basilica
Definition

-Location: Rome, Italy

-Constructed: 320 C.E.

-Built for the emperor Constantine

-Began as a martyrium marking the tomb of St. Peter

Term
Atrium
Definition
Large open courtyard, surrounded by covered galleries, which preceeded the entrance to the church.
Term
Transept
Definition
The north and south arms of a basilican church.
Term
Mosaics
Definition

-Covered walls in basilicas

-Decorations made by embedding small cubes of glass or precious stones in plaster.

Term
Clerestory
Definition
In basilicas, high windows placed in the area of wall between the roof of the outer aisles and the roof of the nave.
Term
Christian House-Church
Definition

-Location: Dura-Europos, Syria

-Constructed: 230 C.E.

-Currently the earliest (known) christian church

 [image]

Term
City Plan of Dura-Europos
Definition

Three Main Buildings:

1) Mithraeum

2) Synagogue

3) Christian House-Church

Term
Mithraeum (Dura-Europos)
Definition
Defensive embankment in Dura-Europos
Term
Synagogue (Dura-Europos)
Definition
Jewish synagogue located in Dura-Europos, between the Mithraeum and the Christian House-Church.
Term
Colossal Statue of Constantine
Definition

-Constructed: 307-312 C.E.

 [image]

Term
"Constantine's Dream"
Definition

-Artist: Piero della Francesca

-c. 1452

[image]

Term
Cathedral
Definition
Designation given to a church that contains the seat or cathedra of a bishop.
Term
Ambulatory
Definition
the curving passageway behind the choir of a church, often used to connect the radiating chapels.
Term
Narthex
Definition
the entrance porch or chamber before the nave of the church
Term
Pendentive
Definition
a spherical triangle that transforms a square bay into a circle for the springing of a dome.
Term
Impost Block (abacus)
Definition
on a classical column, the stone set directly over the capital.
Term
Charlemagne (Carolus Magnus or Charles the Great)
Definition

-Reigned 742(?)-814

-King of the Franks, Emperor of the Romans

-Client of Palatine Chapel

Term
Palatine Chapel
Definition

-Location: Aachen, Germany

-c. 792-805 AD

-Architect: Odo of Metz

-Client: Charlemagne

[image][image]

[image]

 

Term
Plan of St. Gall
Definition

-c.820

-never actually constructed

 [image][image]

Term
Abbey Church of Saint-Sernin
Definition

Latin Cross Plan

Toulouse, France

Begun: 1080 AD

 [image]

Term
Cluny III
Definition

Location: Cluny, France

Built: 1088 AD

Monastery

 [image]

Term
Laon Cathedral
Definition

Location: Laon, France

Constructed: 1155-1205

 [image][image][image]

 

Term
San Vitale
Definition

Location: Ravenna, Italy

Begun 526, Completed 538-548

Most known for mosaics depicting bible stories

 

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