Shared Flashcard Set

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Arch. exam 1
N/A
22
Architecture
Undergraduate 2
02/09/2014

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Secession Building

[image] 

 

Definition

Olbrich

Vienna, Austria

1898

  •  For the Vienna succession artists, to be used as an art gallery
  •  Across from the main plaza, down the street from the established artists' gallery space
  • Refuge for art, added the skylights for the paintings, columns and sphere evoke the conventions of the past without being completely conventional (note flat surfaces, lack of intricate facade, more emphasis on functionality) 
Term

Postal Savings Bank

[image]

Definition

Otto Wagner

Vienna, Austria

1904-6

  •  New building materials integrated with classical geometric styles, emphasize function over form. Roman style busts with sans serif type mixes modernity with historicism. 
  • Patron was the bank/government/middle class
  • Central space fully skylit, walls were made of white glass to write on, social metaphor for honesty and transparency 
  • Bolts symbolize function of the building because they look like coins. Marble steps and alluminum rails indicate gov't building
  • Ringstrasse building 
  • Low maintence cost was key 
  • Floorplan evokes cathedral 
Term

Steiner House

[image]

Definition

Adolf Loos

Vienna, Austria

1908

  • Into fine materials, wanted patrons to decorate themselves, against too much ornamentation, against the secession 
  • Admired english crafts
  • Wanted spatial variation in the form of level changes 
  • Fitness to purpose should determine form 
Term

Michaelerplatz Building

[image]

Definition

Adolf Loos

Vienna, Austria

1910-11

  •  Included the facade into the plaza as much as possible
  • Form indicates function-- marble for the store, simple for apts
  • Design before was the Hapsburg monarchy
  • Into stone masonry because of his family, the veins of the marble run vertically which makes them more impressive 
  • Large windows supposed to evoke the Postal Savings Bank
Term

Palais Stoclet

[image]

Definition

Joseph Hoffman

Brussles, Belgium 

1905-11

  •  Semi-public character for entertainment/gallery
  • First room was small and dark, then big living room-- contrast makes the room seem bigger
  • Hoffman was a seccessionist, inspired by seccessionist building 
Term

A.E.G. Turbine Factory

[image]

Definition

Peter Behrens

Berlin, Germany 

1908-10

  •  Structure had hinges to accomodate for movement of cranes
  • Evokes a cathedral "worship of power" 
  • Symbol of Germany's industrialization 
  • Faceted roof resembles a crystal- Beherens' interest
  • Steel supports on the outside remenescent of Greek temple

Term

Fagus Shoe Last Factory

[image]

Definition

Walter Gropius and Adolph Meyer

Alfeld-an-der Leine, Germany

1911

  •  Response to Turbine Fabrik (Beherens' protege), more open plan, less monumentality, sharper corners, all glass facade
  • No visible structural supports  
  • Glass was supposed to be modern factory look, let a lot of light in to improve morale. Social purpose to elevate worker via aesthetics. 
  • Also a symbol of Germany's industrialization, American influence
Term

Centennial [Jahrhundert] Hall

[image]

Definition

Max Berg

Wroclaw, Poland

1910-13

  •  On a site where 100 years earlier there was a call to liberate from Napoleon-- it's a nationalist piece of architecture 
  • Monumentality in its similarity to the panetheon, but modern times are represented by reinforced concrete 
Term

Glass Pavillion

[image]

Definition

Bruno Taut

Deutscher Werkbund Exhbition, Cologne, Germany

1914

  • Glass architecture can remove barriers
  • No other purpose than to be beautiful 
  • Transcendant experience that demonstrates what architecture could be and how it can bring people together 
  • "Alpine Architecture" rise above the valleys that hold the damage of the war, move on/repudiate the war period

Term

Grosse Schauspielhaus

[image]

Definition

Hans Poelzig

North Berlin, Germany 

1918-19

  • Obscurity offers escape from relaity
  • Decor evokes nature, a cave
  • Collective emotion, stage protrudes into the audience

Term

[Second] Goetheanum

[image]

Definition

Rudolf Steiner

Dornach, Switzerland

1924-28

  •  On a site where the swiss won a battle against Germany 
  • Plants have continuity of form, architecture could too
  • Wall is a living, plastic form 

Term

Amsterdam Stock Exchange

[image]

Definition

Hendrik Petrus Berlage 

Amsterdam, Netherlands

1897-1903

  •  Sought architecture of the present, but wanted continuity w past– Time alters fashions, but geometry sticks
  • Systematic control over proportion/ratios of dimensions
  • Less focus on facades, more focus on space/wall placement 
  • Materials: granite is tough like working class; 

Term

Eigen Haard

[image]

Definition

Michel de Klerk

Amsterdam, Netherlands

1913

  • Communist housing: worker buildings should have aesthetic appeal and symbolics
  • Added curves, active skylines to empower the worker

Term

Truus Shröder House 

[image]

Definition

Gerrit Rietveld

Utrecht, Holland

1924-25

 

Term

Open Air School

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Definition

Johannes Duiker 

Amsterdam, Holland 

1928-30

  •  Duiker thought architecture should balance aesthetic and utility
  • Modern buildings should be shaped by the new materials available and should focus on social space 
  • Destroy the particularities of form, start with open steel frame  
Term

Van Nelle Factory

[image]

Definition

Johannes Brinkman

Rotterdam, Holland

1926-30

Term

USSR Pavilion

[image]

Definition

Konstantin Melnikov

Paris, France

1925

 

Term

Narkomfin Apartments

[image]

Definition

Mosei Ginzburg

Moscow, Russia

1928-30

 

Term

Rusakov [Tram] Workers' Club

[image]

Definition

Konstantin Melnikov

Moscow, Russia 

1927-28

 

Term

Bauhaus

[image]

Definition

Gropius & Adolph Meyer

Dessau, Germany 

1925-26

 

Term

Einstein Tower

[image]

Definition

Erich Mendelsohn 

Postdam, Germany

1917-21 

Term

Schocken Department Store 

[image]

Definition

Erich Mendelsohn

Chemnitz, Germany

1928-29

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