Term
| Why did Romulus kill remus? |
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Definition
| Remus violated the sacred precinct by stepping over the ditch without using the entry way. |
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Term
| What are cardo and Decumanus? |
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Definition
Cardo = North/South Axis
Decumanus = East/West Axis
They divide the roman camp into four equal parts |
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Term
| According to Vitruvius, what first brought men together? |
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Definition
| Fire brought me together because it was "comfortable" to be around |
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Term
| How is the hearth related to ideas of the Sacred and Profane? |
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Definition
The hearth is animating spirit for the body of the house, so it must be preserved..
preserved -> sacred -> hearth |
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Term
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Definition
| Biofilia is a love for the natural world and an attachment to natural forms and nature as a system in general. |
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Term
| What is the idea behind the term biomimicry? |
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Definition
Biomimicry is:
architecture influenced by nature.
purpose and process of development uses nature as mentor.
Design that heals human and natural communities.
Addresses occupants physiological and psychological needs by integrating ecology. |
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Term
| Give two examples of Haymount's integration with its place. |
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Definition
1. Regulates public and private plantings to preserve environmental integrity.
2. River frontages will be either park space or protected space. |
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Term
| Why is Haymont's integration with its place important? |
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Definition
To balance nature and the human spirit in one place and form.
Must seek a holistic solution that embraces an environmental and social contract. |
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Term
| Avant Garde artist saw themselves as enemies of what? and why? |
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Definition
The saw themselves as enemies of the traditional way of life and the developing consumer culture.
Because in order to move into an authentic future, the past must be destroyed. |
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Term
| Why should modernism be considered a paradigm shift? |
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Definition
It should be considered a paradigm shift because it was not only a stylistic change, but a fundamental change in society.
1)proposition
2)implication
3)application
4)tech solution |
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Term
| The overall idea of founding and breaching.. explain? |
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Definition
The sacred and the profane and the solution of continuity.
The sacred is the center.. (axis mundi)
The profane is outside the circle... (chaos)
The solution of continuity is the connection of the sacred and the profane... (door or entry way) |
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Term
| According to eliade, continuous space is profane.. why? |
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Definition
Because there is no delineation of the sacred or center.
continuous space = profane space
Continuous space is the great modern invention |
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Term
| Apocalyptic modernism is defined as what and why is it significant? |
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Definition
It is the root of all variations of modernism.
The belief that we are living after a CULTURAL apocalypse.
The past must be discarded and destroyed.
We must look to the future for inspiration.
Golden Age < New Age
Authentic rather than traditional(kishe) |
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Term
| What was the modernist proposition (1st stage of paradigm shift) |
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Definition
| The proposition is the new age brought about through a new architecture ... strive for the authentic |
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Term
| What is the problem with unrestricted choice? |
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Definition
It is not far from outright chaos
example: building with two styles creating an ugly mess (girl/boy) |
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Term
| Modern architects exchange discussions of "beauty" for considerations of "function". What was the advantage? |
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Definition
The (modernist)advantage of looking at "function" over "beauty" was that the history of architecture could be scanned and reassessed in terms of their relative degrees of veracity and falsehood.
(The gave up beauty to talk about function.) |
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Term
If the function of a plane is to fly, the what is the function of a house?
according le Corbusier |
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Definition
1) to provide shelter
2) receptacle of light
3) provide cells of cooking/working/personal |
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Term
| What does le Corbusier say the engineers is the aesthetic? |
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Definition
| Harmony.. Which is provided by the engineers use of mathematical calculations from natural law. |
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Term
| What does le Corbusier say is the problem with Architecture? |
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Definition
its not conscious of its beginnings.
it works with styles that have not changed with new perspectives and new social life. |
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Term
| Tableaux Architecturale is.. |
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Definition
Tableaux Architecturale is always the image of the building and continues to be important.
Paris Opera House...
but criticized b/c crown rather than a dome and not symmetrical on 4 sides |
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Term
| Promenade architecturale is... |
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Definition
is always the narrative of movement through the building.
Ville Garsh by le Corbusier
inside/outside
snapshots as you move through (setting you up for specific moments)
tools from the past are used but has a different ending planned |
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Term
| How does de Botton define "home"? |
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Definition
| It is any place that succeeds in making more consistently available to us the important truths which the wider world ignores, or which we have trouble holding onto. |
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Term
| Why did worker alter their houses at le Corbusier's Pessac housing project. |
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Definition
| They were nostalgic for their former homes and wanted unique/private spaces to remind them of what work had stripped away from them. |
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Term
| Around 1900 everything changed.. What disciplines underwent a profound alteration? |
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Definition
Science
painting
music
literature
politics
psychology
architecture |
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Term
| In Architecture, Le Corbusier |
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Definition
The piloti - column
The roof garden - instead of pitched roof
The free(open) plan - instead of fixed discrete rooms
The ribbon window - instead of window as aperture
the free façade |
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Term
| Frank Lloyd Wright contrast two psychological states in the Robie house. What are they? |
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Definition
Retreat and extension
allows us repose and protection while imagining adventure outside. |
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Term
| What is the significance of the adjustment of the grid at le Corbusier's salvation army building? |
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Definition
| He indicates use by creating clearing and densers |
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Term
| Two kinds of ascent are juxtaposed in the villa Savoye. what are they? |
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Definition
continuous ascent - ramp establishes continuous ascent from floor to floor
linear ascent - the ramp replaces the static central geometrical point of traditional architecture |
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Term
| Le Corbusier claims that we are in a diseased state. why? |
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Definition
| We mix up art with a respectful attitude towards mere decoration. |
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Term
| modern revolution describes Paradigm shift of space as .. |
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Definition
| discrete space to continuous space |
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Term
Four stages of paradigm sift. And representation..
shift from traditional to modernism proposed by
Structure of scientific revolutions |
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Definition
1- proposition = "the new age" (artist)
2- implication = "continuous space" (educator)
3- application = "Corbusier 5 points" (professional)
4- solution = "the international style" (engineer) |
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Term
| What are the three principals of international style houses? |
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Definition
1) architecture as volume
2) regularity
3) avoidance of applied decoration |
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Term
| Industrialization leads to mediocre culture. why? |
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Definition
| It exerts a sort of attrition or warring away at the expense of the cultural recourses which have made the great civilizations of the past. |
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Term
| What does de Botton say a feeling of beauty really is? |
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Definition
| a sign that we have come upon a material articulation, certain of our ideas of a good life. |
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Term
| le Corbusier says we are faced with architecture or revolution. How does he say that revolution be avoided? |
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Definition
| He says that existing property arrangements must be changed so there is room for competitive enthusiasm for building "good" architecture. |
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Term
| What is the problem with providing a consistent, unchanging, thermally comfortable environment? |
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Definition
The problem is that you lose the potential for sensuality, cultural roles, and symbolism in the thermal environment.
example: astronauts food |
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Term
| According to Morrison, what is the different and abnormal historical situation we find ourselves in? |
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Definition
Is an architectural vacuum where we want to be creative, but have no roots to grow on. We can't look to the past or future, we need to establish a new authentic vernacular.
regionally conscious
colonial cape cod house |
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Term
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Definition
| Wabi means - austerity, simplicity , poverty, melancholy with the fleeting quality of life. |
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Term
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Definition
| means "space between", or "emptiness" and implies incompletion and potential |
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Term
| Ando.. the significance of architecture is... |
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Definition
is found in the "distance" between it and function.
Azuma house.. extreme conditions make you aware of your environment. outside space on the inside.. |
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Term
| Ando uses concrete because? |
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Definition
| He uses it to express the movement of light. using board form to create irregularities and their shadow. |
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Term
| apocalyptic modernism is.. |
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Definition
is the root of all variations of modernism.
the belief that we are living after a cultural apocalypse and that the past must be discarded and destroyed in order to look towards the future
authentic "new age" |
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Term
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Definition
it is a green roof..
storm-water
heat island |
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Term
| post-modernism can be summed up as... |
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Definition
Modernism failed to be original and authentic.. so post-modern works became derivative and ironic
- ironic classism
- mythic recession
- inspiration in strip architecture (decorated shed) |
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Term
| Why could the vanna venture house be considere post-modern? |
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Definition
Because it had contradictory elements
dosnt refer to any style from the past
-multiple window types w/ pitched roof w/ off axis |
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Term
| de Botton speaks to the personality of objects, how do we perceive this? |
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Definition
| We relate certain feature to familiar human characteristics. |
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Term
| What are pallasmaa's two modernisms... |
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Definition
1) utopia/idealistic/purist
believe in possibility of cultural expansion and change for a humane/healthy/sane world (no symbolism)
2) realistic/unblended view of culture
believe in lost innocence/faith in humanism and for a strategy of cultural resistance to slow down anti-human development. (metaphor and symbolism) |
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Term
| pallasmaa says that architecture is culture bound and autonomous. how so? |
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Definition
| architecture is bound to culture and it is always changing with the culture, creating autonomy. |
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Term
| What is the difference between a duck and a decorated shed? |
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Definition
duck- space/structure/program = symbolic form
building = sculpture
decorated shed - systems/space/structure are directly at service of program
ornament is applied independently |
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Term
| Why does venture think that boring architecture is interesting? |
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Definition
does not submerge symbolism
is and architecture of meaning not expression
The Guild House |
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Term
| Who developed deconstruction methodology and why? |
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Definition
| Derrida because the three post-modern approaches had been exhausted. |
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Term
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Definition
| the in-between conditions of architecture. |
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Term
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Definition
in-between language of architecture that appeared to be fragmented or assembled in a haphazard way.
wexner center |
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Term
| What is the counter to post-modernism's emphasis on metaphor and reference? |
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Definition
| The counter was to twist and break forms in order to critique the idea of logical design process and to create something complete/whole but feeling empty of order and meaning. |
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Term
| how did Stendahl define beauty? |
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Definition
| The promise of happiness. |
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Term
| What does venturi mean "towards an old architecture"? |
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Definition
| he means looking back on the past and brining elements into the future.. ironic classism and mythic recession |
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Term
| What are the three kinds of space? |
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Definition
1) conceptual - based on science and theory
2) perceptual- based upon how we preceive
3) phenomenal- based on the zones of public/social/personal/intimate (Edward hall)
the three kinds of space are incorrect.. space is always an invention.
we have no "space-receptors".. must be invented or constructed
.. creates emotion .. architects design a specific emotion
space is the final frontier.. |
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Term
| What does de Botton say is the relation between the "visual" and the "ethical"? |
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Definition
| Attractive architecture is a version of goodness in a non-verbal idiom, and its ugly counterpart is a material version of evil. |
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