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ARCH History Exam 1 (Classical Intro)
n/a
34
Architecture
Undergraduate 3
10/20/2011

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Term
Architecture of the ancient classical world consists of :
Definition
Greece and Rome
Term
Three Historic Periods of Ancient Greece :
Definition
Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic
Term
Main architectural advance in the Classical period of Greece =
Definition
The Acropolis 480-323 BCE
Term
Ancient Greeks used to call themselves this..
Definition
Hellenes
Term
The Polis is?
Definition
described as a city/cultural identity/city-state
(example: Athens/Syracuse/Delphi)
Term
Important Greek Philosophers and how they influenced the culture..
Definition
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle /
idealism and innovation
Term
In classical Greece, an order for their architecture was...
Definition
a classical column and its entablature, proportioned and decorated according to accepted modes.
Term
In Greek culture, what are the accepted modes of architecture.
Definition
1. Doric
2. Ionic
3. Corinthian
Term
How long did the Classical period last and what nick-name is given to the period?
Definition
480-336 BCE
"The Golden Age"
Term
The Acropolis in Athens consists of these four major buildings...
Definition
- Parthenon
- The Propylaea
- The Erechtheion
- Temple of Athena Nike
Term
The battle of Marathon brings and end and beginning. They are?
Definition
End : Persian War
Beginning: Golden Age
Term
Agora
Definition
civic center/marketplace
Term
Panathenaic way
Definition
connecting road between Acropolis and Agora
Term
Athena =
Definition
Goddess of Athens (war/wisdom)
Term
Located on the acropolis is a massive towering statue of this Goddess
Definition
Athena Promachos (The Champion)
Term
Ruler of Athens from461 - 429 BCE ?
Definition
Perikles of Athens
Term
Perikles is known for what?
Definition
rebuilding Athens as a major cultural center
attributed as started of the Greek Acropolis
Term
Order in which buildings were built on the Athenian Acropolis:
Definition
1. The Parthenon
2. The Propylaea
3. Temple of Athena Nike
4. The Erechtheion
Term
The circulation within the Acropolis was set up this way?
Definition
Unrestricted > metaphor for "democracy" & sited buildings for an "oblique view"
Term
Propylaea facts.. (4)
Definition
- Architect = Mnesikles
- Patron = Periclles
- Gateway to Acropolis
- Built from 437-432 BCE
Term
Temple of Athena Facts...(3)
Definition
- Architect = Believed to be Kallikrates
- Patron Periclles
- Built in 425 BCE
Term
The Erchtheion facts.... (5)
Definition
1. Architect = Mnesikiles
2. Built from 421-407 BCE
3. Built over the tomb of the fiorst king of Athens (Kekrops)
4. Shrine to both Poseidon and Athena
5. caryatids = maidens
Term
The Architects of the Parthenon are?
Definition
Iktinos and Kallikrates
Term
The Parthenon houses what statue and who sculpted it?
Definition
The Statue of Athena Parthenos holding Nike
Sculptor= Phidias
Term
The Pediments of the Parthenon depict... (2)
Definition
East = Birth of Athena
West = Athenas fight with Posidon
Term
Erchtheon honors who?
Definition
Athena
Poseidon
Kekrops
Erechtheus
Term
The Hellenistic Period
time?
buildings?
Definition
336-30 BCE

Temple of Appolo at Didyma
The Theater at Epidauros
The Stoa at Attalos
Term
In the hellenistic period, when did Greece join the republic of Rome?
Definition
In 146 BCE
Term
The Tholos at Delphi was built when and for?
Definition
390-380 BCE for the Oracles
Term
Facts about Alexander the Great (3)
Definition
Starts the City of Alexandria in Egypt
Starts the Hellenistic Period in Greece
Spreads Greek language and culture to Egypt, India, and Mesopotamia
Term
The Theater of Epidarus:
architect?
time?
fact?
Definition
architect: Polykleitus the Younger
time: 350 BCE
fact: sat 14,000 people
Term
Stoa of Attalos facts (2)
Definition
- 21 shops in 2 story building
- located in the agora
Term
Temple of Apollo at Didyma:
time?
Definition
300 BCE
Term
A Hellenistic building similar, but bigger than the Parthenon =
Definition
The Temple of Artimis at Ephesus
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