Villa Esche

1902-1903

Chemnitz

Henry van de Velde
Consistent use of mansard roofs
Often made for usable space in attic area
Rounded enveloping form
Traditional forms
Inclined buttresses
Garage for motor cars

Hohenhof Estate

Henry van de Velde
Mansard roof
Envelopes and overtakes the building
Pulls building closer to the ground
Dormers
Make upper levels usable
Eyebrow dormers

Nietzche Archive

1903

Weimar

simple format

cool door handles

Wiemar School of Arts and Crafts

good light

north facing windows

wins the Grand Prix de Rome

lives at Villa Medici

industrial city

spends his career working in Lyon

1894-1906

Jewish officer accused of treason.

Evidence comes forth in 1896 exonerating Dreyfus—the French military fabricates new evidence and falsely imprisons him

Not released from prison until 1906

Chamion of Dreyfus cause

Garnier belongs to the Societe des Amis d’Emile Zola

Zola’s novels describe a new urban utopia built on an industrialized economy.

La Cité Industrielle

updated the cityfor the future

main core - industrial sector

never built

housing

-small apartment blocks

flat roofs

Halle Tony Garnier

1914

Tony Garnier
Originally a livestock pavilion
Market for agriculture

L’Hôpital Grange-Blanche

 1919-33

Tony Garnier
Looks like renderings for la cite industrial – residential region
Done as a series of small individual units
Concrete stucco
Livable spaces
Utopian residential section

Quartier Etats

1919-33

Tony Garnier
Residential quarter for the united states
How an industrial city could come together to create
No driers
Luxury
Walk up – no elevator
Simple forms
Faceless masses
Not overwhelming
Neighborhood feel
Trolley transportation

Immeuble Rue Wagram

1902

Auguste Perret

Reinforced concrete structure is clad in a decorative stone veneer

Immeuble Rue Franklin

1905

Auguste Perret

Facade

-terrace indentation with a fair amount of glass

-articulated terrocotta framework

resessed pannels

-terracotta

-pops out from plain surface behind

Theatre Champs-Elysées

1913

Auguste Perret
Built out of reinforced concrete
Doesn’t burn or soften in a fire
Safety brought to the theater
Perret brothers commissioned
Van de velde laid out commission
Don’t see concrete
Clad and stone
Classically looking form
Rectilinear forms
Three theaters inside
Primary and secondary entrances
Semicircular entrance/extension on the side
Interior
European design
Vertical extension of the stage for seating

Notre Dame du Raincy

1924

Auguste Perret

reinforced concrete

Basic format simple
Nave; two isles;

Plan execution
No need for walls considering reinforced concrete in strong
Open building to see just glass
Opens walls
Gothic format with columns
Shallow vault – concrete
Tensile reinforcement
Tall and slender columns
Inderpendent series
Cage of light
Exterior
Geometry in shapes
American architecture in the 50s – 60s/70s
Tower
Tall
Structural problems minimal

Atelier Esders

Paris
Shirt factory
-Textile
Fire in work places
-Issue
Required to have daylight
-Natural lighting
Concrete beams supported by light parabolic arches
Ridge and furrow system
Designed for natural light from the roof to flow in
Artistry with concrete

Le Havre

1945-64

bombed in WWII

mahor commission to rebuild city §
-Town hall in Le Havre
Reinforced concrete
Detail of concrete pillars
 Capital
Islamic forms
-Church of St. Joseph
Most prominent element in the city
Tower remarkable
Base a little clumsy
Interior
 View into tower
 Light all the way through tower
 Sublime experience
Height of tower double the width of the interior nave
 Bring vista to the heavens

Peter Behrens

1868-1940

painter and illustrator

1907artistic consultant for AEG

Turbinenfabrik

1909

Turbine factory
Steam generation
Urbanization
Large amount of glass to bring in natural lighting
Curtain wall systems
Masonry pier at the corner
Fictitious masonry gable
Interior
Glazed roof
Gantry crane

German Embassy

St. Petersburg

1911-12

undecorative

Faguswerk

Gropius and Meyer

1911

strong american quality

flat roofs

reinforced concrete

separating of skin and frame

Bruno Taut

1880-1938

Painter and architect

designed many public housing projects

jewish descent

-had to flee nazi germany

worked in japan and turkey

died in turkey

d.

Hufeisenseidlung

Berlin

1925-33

Horseshoe housing
Huff iron
State sponsorped housing development
Changing society and culture through housing
Reasonable housing
3 basic types
 Horsehoe type
Row houses
3 story flats
Livable spaces
Different plan types
Successful

Grosse Shauspeilhaus

1919

Stalagtite type interior
Islamic work relation
Large theater
Lighting to a great disadvantage
Large seating areas
Torn down in 1980s
Takes on essence of stadtkrone
Expressionist qualities to design
Lighting introduced

1888-1953

achives fame through Einsteinturm

expelled from Germany in 1933 because he was jewish

practices in London until 1938

Designs many buildings in Jerusalem

Teaches at UC Berkeley after 1941

after 1941

Einsteinturm

1917-24
Research facility
Observatory with no telescope
Lab area underground
Organic
Highlight of expressionism
Tower grows out of the landscape
Intended to be cast out of concrete
Brick covered with stucco
Concrete shrinks
Would not leak just because of concrete instead on masonry
Modern looking
Windows appear out of the form
Light brought down through the building

Luckenwalde Hutfabrik 

1923

Petersdorf Store

Breslau

1927
Projections in windows
Cross fertilization between designers at this time
Extension of the long street façade
English gothic master masonry
Emphasis on horizontality
Physical world changing rapidly
-Asthetic of the cruise ship
-Le Corbusier
New modernism

Schoken Store

Stuttgart

1926-28 Jewish owner
Modern look
Stream lining forms
Asthetic of automobiles and airplanes
Sense of movement
Large lettering
Newness

1888-1967

• Colorful school teacher trained in Montessori
• Develops color/season theory
• Everyone would study the basic design
• Taught many courses
• Converts to Masdasnan
• -Converts students

• -Lifestyle changing

  -School= Personal platform for his world

   

• Paul Kle
• -Artist
• Marcel Breue
• -Furniture design
• -living room
• LasloMaholy-Nagy
• -ReplceItten as the four course guru
• El Lissistk
• -Russian Artist
• -Cultural trait –influencial designer
• Theo can Doesburg
• -Style movement

• -Canvas painting

  Mies van der Rohe

  Marcel Breuer

Sommerfeld House

1921-22

Gropius

Shell in qhich the different media from the Bauhaus could be exhibited

Significant amount of wood

Heimatstil

Concerned about losing their German-ness

Home style

Traditional German architecture

Idea of the Home movement

Strong presence

Construction out of wood

Sculptured forms

Stained glass

Various arts and crafts

Haus am Horn (Versuchhaus)

 1923

Muche and Meyer

Design collaborators –circle of Bauhaus faculty

Idea that the house would be occupiable on the roof

Flat roof = low slope roof

Space elevated from the street –sunshine

Idea come into the forefrontFunctional good design that can be replicated for every kitchen

Sachlich

New objective

Kitchen

Create a series of modular units

Life changing dramatically –need of the people

Utopian idea to meet the basic needs of people in urban ideas Meeting the demands of the 21^st century?

Modular

-idea come to forefront

-good design for kitchen

Bauhaus moves to Dessau

• Several buildings connected by bridges
• Flat roof now in an educational institutio
• Educational factory
• Largely restored
• Functions as a school today
• Objective type font
• Architecture courses started here
• Glazing in windows
• Studios thought about as workshops
• Don’t learn –do

  Large

  Lots of light

• Residential
• Grid of balconies

  Asthetics of a steam ship

• Unity of different types of design

•  

Van Nelle Factory 1927-28

Rotterdam

Brinckman and Van der Vlugt Clearly a curtain wall arrangement
Various conveyers gave the façade etc. a very interesting and active quality

Duiker and Bijvoet

Aalsmeer House

 1926

Assemblage of volumes and shapes
Simple wood siding and windows without definition

Zonnestral Sanatorium

1927-31
Place people went when they had TB and other diseases
Interesting coat spaces hung over the heating
All about sun orientation

Openluchtschool

 1930 Duiker,

Amsterdam

Creates open space in a single quadrant

1886-1970

constructed 15000 housing units after WWI

takes a team of architects to ussr to desigh new towns

1933 settles in Africa

1946 returns to Germany and designs housing in Hamburg

Maragarete Schütte-Lihotzky

1887-2003

designed the frankfurter-kuche

traveled with May to USSR

joins communist movement

Dessau-Törten

1928

 Gropius

 Windowed box shape to each unit
Modular gridden pattern
What is affordable important
Variation causes scale to be lost, similiarity is also lost

Gerrit Rietveld

1888-1964

furniture designer

joins De Stijl movement

becomes an architect

Schröder-Schräder House

1924

Movement of modular planes design
Permit nice but affordable lifestyle
Client very particular
At the city limits
Sits on remains of defensive walls
Small uses of color