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Arch and Society Mid-term 2
Oklahoma State University ARCH2003, Dr. Michael Rabens
53
Architecture
Undergraduate 2
03/09/2011

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is a nave?
Definition
The big open middle part of a church where people gather to worship.
Term
What is an apse?
Definition
The semicircular end of the nave where trials were held and stuff
Term
What is an atrium?
Definition
A large open courtyard, surrounded by covered galleries, which precedes entrance to the church
Term
What is a transept?
Definition
The north and south arms of a basilican church
Term
What does "spoils" mean?
Definition
The way builders took parts like columns from older, unused buildings to construct new ones
Term
How inconspicuous were early Christian house-churches?
Definition
Quite inconspicuous indeed, since Christianity was outlawed.
Term
When did Constantine legalize Christianity?
Definition
313
Term

[image]

[image]

Name: 

Century:

Location: 

Built by:

Notable structures included:

 

Definition

Name: Forum of Trajan

Century: 2nd

Location: Rome

Built by: Apollodorus

Notable structures: Triumphal Arch, Basilica Ulpia Column of Trajan, Libraries, Temple of Divine Trajan, Markets of Trajan, Equestrian statue of Trajan

Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Location: 

Century: 

Definition

Name: New St. Peters Basilica

Location: Rome, Italy

Century: 16th-17th

Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Location:
Century:

Definition

Name: Old St. Peters

Location: Rome, Italy

Century: 4th

Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Location:

Century: 

 

 

Definition

Name: Church of Santa Maria Maggiore

Location: Rome, Italy

Century: 5th

Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Location:

Century: 

Architects:

Client:

Named for:

Purpose:

Definition

Name: Hagia Sophia

Location: Constantinople (Istanbul, Turkey)

Century: 6th

Architects: Anthemius of Tralles, Isadorus of Miletus

Client: Emperor Justinian

Named for: "Church of the holy wisdom of God"

(not named after Saint Sophia)

Purpose: Originally a church, then a mosque, now a museum

Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Location:

Century: 

 

Definition

Name: San Vitale

Location: Ravenna, Italy

Century: 6th

Also, mosaics depict Bible stories

Term
What kind of symmetry does a longitudinal plan have?
Definition
Axis symmetry
Term
What kind of symmetry does a centralized plan have?
Definition
It's centered around the center of a gemoetric shape
Term
What is an ambulatory?
Definition
The side aisle that goes in a circle all the way around the church
Term
What is the narthex?
Definition
The vestibule between the atrium and the main church
Term
What is a pendentive?
Definition

A system of arches used to hold up a dome with a wide base, like in the Hagia Sophia

[image]

Term
What is an impost block?
Definition
A sort of cushion between the top of a column and the bottom of the arch on top of it
Term
What is the mithana/minaret?
Definition
The tower on a Mosque where they call the people in for prayer
Term
What is the Mihrab?
Definition
The niche in a Mosque facing Mecca
Term
What kinds of decoration are used in Mosques?
Definition
Arabic calligraphy, geometric patterns, floral patterns. Depictions of people aren't forbidden.
Term
What feature are Islamic houses centered around, and why?
Definition
A courtyard, because it's hot.
Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Why is it significant:

Location:

Century: 

Definition

Name: Dome of the Rock

Why is it significant: Mohammed left from there to go to heaven, also it's an alternative to Mecca for pilgrimmages

Location: Jerusalem

Century: 7th

Term

[image]

Name:

Location:

Century: 

Definition

Name: Great Mosque

Location: Samarra, Iraq

Century: 9th

Term
What is the Minbar?
Definition
The raised platform to the right of the Mihrab (niche facing Mecca) where the Imam delivers sermons from
Term

[image]

[image]

Name:

Location:

Century: 

What's on top of it:
What's the room full of columns called:

Definition

Name: Great Mosque

Location: Cordoba, Spain

Century: 8th-10th

What's on top of it: A church

What's the room full of columns called: hypostyle hall

Term

[image]

Name:

Location:
Built by:

Century: 

Definition

Name: Suleymaniye Mosque

Location: Istanbul

Built by: Sinan

Century: 16th

Term
What is a rib vault?
Definition
Basically a groin vault, except it has "ribs" with "webs" in between
Term
What is a buttress?
Definition
A support applied to the outer walls of a building to strengthen them
Term
What's the difference between a pier buttress and a flying buttress?
Definition

Pier buttresses are straight and vertical and connected to the ground. Flying buttresses are connected from the pier buttress to the side of the building diagonally, high off the ground.

[image]

Term
What are gargoyles?
Definition
Ornamented gutter spouts on the top of gothic buildings
Term
Which way does the front door face on all Gothic churches?
Definition
West
Term

What's this thing called?

[image]

Definition
A compound pier
Term

What's this big round window called?

[image]

[image]

[image]

Definition
A rose window
Term
What were most Gothic church floor plans shaped like?
Definition
Latin crosses
Term
What was the "building block" of a cathedral plan?
Definition
The bay
Term
What is a triforium?
Definition
The third "floor" of a Gothic cathedral, each bay has 3 arches with a small amount of space behind, but not an actual floor
Term
What is the nave arcade?
Definition
The part that borders the nave in gothic cathedrals. It's lined with gothic arches.
Term
What's the gallery?
Definition
The second floor of a cathedral, lined with columns, which overlooks the nave.
Term

[image]

Name:

Century: 

Function:

Significance:

Definition

Name: Plan of St. Gall

Century:  Never actually built

Function: monestary

Significance: It was the plan for the ideal monestary

Term
When did Charlamagne rule?
Definition
800s
Term
When was the Romanesque era?
Definition
1000s
Term
What is a tracery?
Definition

The stonework divisions in Gothic windows

[image]

Term
What is a pinnacle?
Definition
The pointy top on top of everything Gothic
Term

[image]

Name:

Century: 

Location:

Type of vaults:

 

Definition

Name: Abbey Church of Saint-Sernin

Century: 11th (Romanesque)

Location: Toulouse, France

Type of vaults: banded barrel

Term
What is the choir?
Definition
The eastern (back) end of the church where the divine service was sung
Term
What is a chevet?
Definition
The multiple apses built radiating out on the sides of the choir
Term
What must a church have to be considered a Cathedral?
Definition
A bishop
Term
What is a coister?
Definition
The closed courtyard in a monestary
Term
What is the dining hall in a monestary called?
Definition
A refactory
Term
Where do monks sleep?
Definition
A dormatory
Term
What do you call a half of a barrel vault?
Definition
A quadrant vault
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