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a muslim explorer.
recorded his journeies to india and africa.
visited most of the known islamic world. |
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a venetian merchant traveler.
*record of his travels helped introduce europeans to central asia and china. |
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| large buddhist monuement in Java (mountain shaped structure). is an example of the blend of culture due to indian ocean trade because it's a buddhist temple, but doesn't resemble buddhists culture in its architecture |
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| these civilizations took over east africa. Their culture has a Bantu core that has been modified by foreign influences Participation in the indian ocean trade and the rise of islam stimulated these cities. These cities were urban, industrial city states and rapidly became islamic. |
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A type of Chinese ship, was the largest most advance vessel in the Indian Ocean.
were the most advanced ships in the world. had sails, oars, compasses, watertight bulkheads and gunpowder |
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| The stretch of water between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra. It was contained in the region of Srivijaya, and was one of the main shipping channels in Indian Ocean trade. (can derive that a lot of diff. cultures passed through here) |
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A ruined/abandoned city basically across from Madagascar or south of the Swahili coast. Acted as a royal palace for for the Zimbabwean monarch.
*known for it's large stone walls which were very tall, thick, and constructed without mortar |
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An effort to revive Confucists thinking while incorporating insights of Buddhism and Daoism.
a synthesis between confucian social ethics and buddhism and daoism |
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aka "flying money". was a draft rather than real money. you would turn your money in the capital, they'd give you a paper certificate which could be exchanged for real cash.
used as an alternative to cash.
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the wrapping of a woman's foot, so her bones would grow curved.
was a sign of beauty. men thought it was attractive mothers saw it asa way to give their daughters an elevated status and hopefully give them a way to move up in status. a way to keep women in the house "where they should be" |
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the way of the warrior. distinctive set of rules: great skill in martial arts, vravery, loyalty, endurance, honor, death over surrender
*the code of values and morals developed by japanese samuri |
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| ancient indigenous religion of japan. a complex of ancient folk belief and rituals. animalistic religion that perceives the presence of gods or the sacred in animals/animals or even things that have no life like waterfalls |
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| the relationship in which religous power is tied to state power of superior to |
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| eastern orthodox christianity |
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christianity in the east of the post-roman empire (Byzantium).
- used greek
- their clergy can marry
- support the use of icons
- caesaropapism
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| an alphabet derived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages |
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associations of people in the same line of work.
(in doing so, they introduced a new and more productive division of labor)
an association of people for mutual aid or pursuit of a common goal |
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| the successor of the western roman empire. the empire set up in western europe during the realm of Otto I of Saxony. |
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| an association of northern germanic cites/merchant associations |
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| the act of rejecting religious icons or other symbols/monuments/artifacts/pictures |
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the study of nature and the physicaluniverse that was dominant before the development of modern science. It is considered to be the precursor of natural sciencessuch as physics.
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| medieval state of the Eastern Slavs. It was the earliest predecessor of modern Ukraine and Russia |
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From Denmark, Norway and Sweden they spread through Europe and the North Atlantic in the period of vigorous Scandinavian expansion (AD 800-1050)known as the Viking Age.
Although they are often thought of primarily as raiders , they were also traders , explorers and settlers. Behind them they left a legacy not only of archaeological remains, but also of family names, place names and fieldnames. Their "remains" can be found in local dialects and customs, in folk tales and oral traditions, and of course in the genetic make up of the local people themselve |
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the status of peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism. It was a condition of bondage or modified slavery which developed primarily during the High Middle Ages in Europe.
were required to work for the Lord of the Manor who owned that land, and in return were entitled to protection, justice and the right to exploit certain fields within the manor to maintain their own subsistence |
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| the tax you had to pay to keep your own religion if you were nonmuslim, but liveing in an islamic governed place |
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| islamic religious schools |
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The Qur'an is a sacred book in Islam, believed to be the word of Allah as revealed to Muhammad.
religious text in islam believed to be the verbatim word of God. |
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| of relating to Arabia, the Arabs, their language, or their language. |
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| the area of the world under the rule of Islam, literally, "the home of Islam" or "the home of submission." This is often used by extremists to include areas that used to be part of the Muslim world such as Al-Andalus (Spain) as well as the Muslim world. |
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An Arab leader, in particular the chief or head of an Arab tribe, family, or village.
A leader in a Muslim community or organization. |
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| the chief muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as a successor oh Muhammad |
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| to become green at the end of the summer" is referred to the territory occupied by the Muslim empire in Southern Spain |
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| the person who leads prayer in a mosque |
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| the body of Mullahs (Muslim scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law) who are the interpreters of Islam's sciences and doctrines and laws and the chief guarantors of continuity in the spiritual and intellectual history of the Islamic community |
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| The whole community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion |
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(among Muslims) A war or struggle against unbelievers
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The spiritual struggle within oneself against sin |
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| A square stone building in the center of the Great Mosque at Mecca, the site most holy to Muslims and toward which they must face when praying. It stands on the site of a pre-Islamic shrine said to have been built by Abraham |
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a city in western saudi arabia, considered by muslims to be the holiest city of islam.
The birthplace of Muhammad, and the scene of his early teachings. |
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| Islamic law based on the teachings of the Qur'an and the traditions of the Prophet, prescribing both religious and secular duties and sometimes retributive penalties for lawbreaking. |
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| a non-Muslim living under the protection of a Muslim state. He is exempt from duties of Islam like military and zakat but must instead pay a tax called jizyah. |
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| a Muslim who represents the mystical dimension of Islam; a Muslim who seeks direct experience of Allah; mainly in Iran |
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