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| A settlement in the Colony of Virginia.. the first permanent English settlement in the Americas. |
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One of the original settlers of Jamestown in 1607. Took control of the failing settlement with the saying "He who shall not work shall not eat."
He was taken prisoner by the braves of the Native American chief Powhatan. By his own account, he was rescued through the intervention of Pocahontas, Powhatan's daughter. |
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| The colony established in SE Massachusetts by the Pilgrims in 1620. |
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| One of the band of Puritans who founded the colony of Plymouth, Mass., in 1620. |
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| A member of a group of Protestants that arose in the 16th century within the Church of England, demanding the simplification of doctrine and worship, and greater strictness in religious discipline. |
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An agreement to establish a government, entered into by the Pilgrims in the cabin of the Mayflower on November 11, 1620.
By signing this document, the men agreed to form a temporary government and be bound by its laws. The compact became the basis of government in the Plymouth Colony.
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The colony was established under a charter issued to the Massachusetts Bay Company.
The first 400 settlers under this new charter departed in April 1629. Most, but not all of the members of the Company were Puritans, and events during the spring and summer of 1629 convinced them they could only remain non conformists in the Church of England by getting out of England. |
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A wealthy English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
He was elected their first governor on April 8, 1630. As governor of the Colony, he established the center of government at Boston. |
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| In Winthrop's famous sermon, A Modell of Christian Charity, (1630), Winthrop said: "...for we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill, the eyes of all people are upon us...," he urged his listeners to have a standard that shines out for others to notice. In this sermon, he declared that the Puritan colonists emigrating to the New World were part of a special pact with God to create a holy community. |
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| Virginia House of Burgesses |
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| First representative government group in the American colonies. Famous delegates include Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington. The House met for the first time at Jamestown. It was July 30, 1619. |
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| Proprietors were "town fathers" who were entrusted with distribution of land in order to build a new town. They would move their lives and families onto the lands and lay out a town. |
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British statesman: founder of the colony of Maryland.
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Lord Baltimore was a Roman Catholic, but he had to support the Church of England. However, he wanted freedom for those of his faith, and he also wanted persons of other faiths to settle in Maryland. He believed that religious restrictions would interfere with the colony's growth and development.
In 1649, the colonial assembly approved Lord Baltimore's draft of a religious tolerance law, granting religious freedom to all Christians.
After the law was passed, a band of Puritans fled from Virgina and came into Maryland. Maryland became famous for its religious freedom. |
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| When Governor William Berkeley of Virginia installed friendly policies towards the neighboring indians, whose thriving fur trade the governor monopolized, Nathaniel Bacon and his followers took matters into their own hands. They started attacking both friendly and hostile Indians. They also chased Berkeley from Jamestown and put the torch to the capital. |
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| A system of obtaining land in colonial times in which one received fifty acres of land for every emigrant to America one sponsored. It was a way of enticing colonists to sponsor new immigrants who were needed to be the indentured servants- labourers |
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| An immigrant to North America between the 17th and 19th centuries who contracted to work for an employer for a number of years in exchange for passage and accommodation. |
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| Christian doubting the force of laws: in Christian doctrine, the belief that Christians are not bound by established moral laws, but should rely on faith and divine grace for salvation |
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An English Protestant theologian... who was an early proponent of religious freedom and the separation of church and state... believed that the colony needed to tolerate different religious beliefs. In 1636, Roger fled Massachusetts and found the settlement of providence, which later became the colony of Rhode Island. It was the first European colony to allow people to have beliefs different from his own.
Williams was arguably the first abolitionist in North America, having organized the first attempt to prohibit slavery in any of the original thirteen colonies. |
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| Was brought to trial for believing people should pray directly to God rather than depend upon church teachings. She was forced to leave Massachusetts, so she traveled to Rhode Island and started the settlement of Portsmouth. |
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A Christian denomination founded in England in the 17th century that rejects formal sacraments, ministry, and creed, and is committed to pacifism.
They supposedly got so into praying that they'd "quake" in their boots, and they were pretty much hated by everyone. In simpler terms, they were kind of like the Jews of the colonies, constantly being attacked and hated. |
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| An early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. He was an early champion of democracy and religious freedom, notable for his good relations and successful treaties with the Lenape Indians. Under his direction, the city of Philadelphia was planned and developed. |
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| An economic theory and system: an early modern European economic theory and system that actively supported the establishment of colonies that would supply materials and markets and relieve home nations of dependence on other nations |
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| Any of several acts of Parliament between 1651 and 1847 designed primarily to expand British trade and limit trade by British colonies with countries that were rivals of Great Britain. |
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| a pattern of colonial commerce in which slaves were bought on the African Gold Coast with New England rum and then traded in the West Indies for sugar or molasses, which was brought back to New England to be manufactured into rum. |
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religious-political solution adopted by 17th-century New England Congregationalists, also called Puritans, that allowed the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized and thus become church members and have political rights.
This was done because of the low numbers of church go-ers, and was a plan to raise the number of members.
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| A Christian revitalization movement that swept Protestant Europe and British America, and especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep personal revelation of their need of salvation by Jesus Christ. Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made Christianity intensely personal to the average person by fostering a deep sense of spiritual conviction and redemption, and by encouraging introspection and a commitment to a new standard of personal morality. |
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| An American clergyman of the eighteenth century; a leader in the religious revivals of the 1730s and 1740s known as the Great Awakening. Edwards, an emotional preacher, emphasized the absolute power of God. His most famous sermon, the harrowing “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,” compares sinners to spiders dangled over a flame. |
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| Cotton Mather, FRS was a socially and politically influential New England Puritan minister, prolific author and pamphleteer; he is often remembered for his role in the Salem witch trials. |
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| Home of the Salem Witch Trials |
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the act of freeing or the state of being freed from slavery, servitude, etc |
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| A yearly almanac published by Benjamin Franklin, who adopted the pseudonym of "Poor Richard" or "Richard Saunders" for this purpose. The publication appeared continually from 1732 to 1758. It was a best seller for a pamphlet published in the American colonies; print runs reached 10,000 per year. |
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| He was a defendant in a landmark legal case in American jurisprudence, known as "The Zenger Trial", in which his lawyer, Andrew Hamilton, established that truth is a defense against charges of libel. |
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| French and Indian War (1756- 1763) |
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| War of the French and Indians vs. the British and the colonists. |
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| A proposal to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin. |
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| Treaty of Paris- a treaty signed in 1763 by France, Spain, and Great Britain that ended the Seven Years' War and the French and Indian War. |
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| The Brits still controlled the colonists, but mostly left them to their own devices and to govern themselves. |
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