Term
The Albany Congress of 1754 was convened for the major purpose of getting colonies to form... |
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Definition
a council to mutually plan for defense against Native Americans and future expansion |
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Term
Britain's immediate purpose of the Proclamation of 1763 was to... |
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Definition
save money by avoiding conflict with Ohio Valley Indians |
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Term
The North American colonies took advantage of Britain's salutary neglect to... (pre-rev) |
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Definition
work out trade agreements with other countries besides Britain |
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Term
The tax on tea was retained after the Townshend Acts were repealed primarily because it... |
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Definition
kept alive the principle of parliamentary taxation |
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Term
When parliament passed the Tea Act, colonists... |
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Definition
suspected it was a trick to get them to violate their principle of," No taxation without representation" |
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Term
Britain passed the "Coercive Acts" in response to... |
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Definition
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Term
The most important decision made by the second continental congress was to... |
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Definition
select George Washington to head the army |
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Term
Which presidential first lady privately advocated for the equality of women in keeping with the spirit of revolutionary change? (pre rev) |
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Definition
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Term
The basic strategy of the British in 1777 was to... |
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Definition
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Term
In seeking diplomatic recognition from foreign nations, the American govt. found it necessary to first demonstrate... |
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Definition
a determination and potential to win independence |
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Term
As part of the egalitarian philosophy underlying the American Revolution, several... |
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Definition
Northern states gradually abolished slavery |
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Term
George Washington was able to use his public popularity to stop the "Newburgh Conspiracy" at the end of the revolution, an event which involved... |
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Definition
Continental Army officers threatening the confederation to demand back pay and a stronger central government |
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Term
The group most likely to approve the Articles of Confederation was... |
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Definition
those who feared a strong central government |
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Term
The delay in approving the Articles of COnfederation finally ended in 1781 when... |
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Definition
all states claiming western lands surrendered them to the national government to appease states without claims |
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Term
Something major that the Articles of Confederation specifically lacked was... |
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Definition
the authority to require payment of taxes |
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Term
Shay's Rebellion convinced many Americans of the need of... |
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Definition
a strong central government |
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Term
The founding fathers in 1787 would believe that the key to a republic's success is... |
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Definition
widespread protection and ownership of property |
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Term
The original constitution ratified shortly after the 1787 was built on a series of... the bill of rights was NOT involved |
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Definition
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Term
As originally written and ratified, the U.S. constitution provided for... and not a presidential... |
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Definition
the indirect election of a president, ...not a presidential cabinet |
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Term
In 1788-1789, the group most likely to OPPOSE ratification of the new constitution were... |
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Definition
farmers in isolated areas |
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Term
Hamilton's economic policy is known as assumption, meaning...it was designed primarily to... |
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Definition
...the federal government would assume the states' debts, ...establish the financial stability and credit of a new government |
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Term
Hamilton's economic policy is known as assumption, meaning...it was designed primarily to... |
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Definition
...the federal government would assume the states' debts, ...establish the financial stability and credit of a new government |
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Term
The Bill of RIghts was intended to protect... it didn't involve (involve/include) ... |
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Definition
individual liberties against potential corruption of a strong central gov. ...it didn't involve expanding voting rights |
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Term
Hamilton believed that national debt was a... |
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Definition
good thing because then the public would work hard in order to see the gov. do well |
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Term
Jefferson opposed some of Hamilton's economic programs because he believed... |
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Definition
the programs overly favored the wealthy financial interests |
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Term
President Washington's "Neutrality Proclamation" of 1793 was in direct responce to... |
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Definition
French diplomats calling to impose the Franco-American alliance originally signed during the Revolutionary War |
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Term
The issue of "loose" vs "strict" interpretation of the constitution was first brought up with... |
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Definition
Hamilton's decision to create the first national bank |
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Term
Hamilton = "_______" interp. of constitution, believer in _____ central gov. Jefferson = "_______" interp. of the constitution, believer in _____ central gov. |
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Definition
H = loose, strong central government J = strict, loose central government (state power) |
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Term
The federalist congress' main purpose in passing the Alien and Sedition Acts of the 1790's was to... |
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Definition
silence and punish critics of the federalists |
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Term
AAccording to the "compact theory" advocated for by Jefferson and Madison in their arguments against the Alien and Sedition Acts passed under president Adams were... |
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Definition
that the national government was the creation of thirteen sovereign states |
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Term
The Virginia and Kentucky resolves took the position that the state governments... |
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Definition
had the authority to decide whether an act of the federal government was constitutional |
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Term
During the first two administrations under the U.S. constitution, the largest seperating factor between federalists and republicans were whether... |
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Definition
they favored the french revolution or opposed it |
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Term
Federalist JohnAdams was defeated by Jefferson in the 1800 campaign because of... |
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Definition
divisions in the federalist party after Adam's refusal to declare war on France |
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Term
The election of 1800 is best known for the fact that it was the first... |
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Definition
peaceful and orderly transfer of power, something associated with the term "Jefferson's 'Revolution of 1800'" |
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Term
When it came to major Federalist economic programs, Jefferson... |
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Definition
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Term
As chief justice of the U.S. supreme court, John Marshall hoped to ensure that political and economic systems were based on... |
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Definition
a strong central government |
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Term
The case of Marbury vs. Madison ultimately decided that... |
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Definition
the court had the power to determine if an act of congress was unconstitutional |
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Term
All of the following describe... : - opening up the Missouri river for farmers - made possible by a slave revolt in Haiti - it showed Jefferson's flexibility - it violated Jefferson's view of "strict construction" |
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Definition
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Term
The most unpopular and least successful of Jefferson's policies was his... |
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Definition
adherence to neutrality in dealing with France and England |
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Term
The 1807 "Embargo Act" disrupted... |
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Definition
America's infant commercial shipping and trade |
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Term
Two military leaders who gained a natioinal reputation for their victories in the War of 1812 were... |
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Definition
William Harrison and Andrew Jackson |
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Term
American ineptitude of fighting the 1812 war is best exemplified by the... |
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Definition
burning of Washington D.C. |
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Term
The Shawnee leader Tecumseh attempted to create... |
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Definition
a trans-Mississippi Native American Tribal Confederation |
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Term
In general, the Hartford Convention was a manifestation of... |
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Definition
New England Federalists' opposition to the War of 1812 |
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Term
The U.S.'s most successful diplomat during the "Era of Good Feelings" was... |
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Definition
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Term
In 1811 there were 88 state banks; by 1816, there were 256. This growth can be explained by the loss of... |
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Definition
loss of restraining influence of the National Bank AFTER it's charter was allowed to expire by the Republicans |
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Term
In the case McCulloch vs. Maryland, the constitutionality of the... was under question. In this case, as well as in Cohens vs. Virginia and Gibbons vs. Ogden, John Marshall limited... |
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Definition
2nd Bank of the United States, states' rights |
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Term
Most importantly, the Monroe Doctrine... |
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Definition
asserted America's growing independence in its foreign policy |
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Term
John Quincey Adams could best be described as a politician often... |
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Definition
lacking the necessary art of flexibility |
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Term
In Democracy in America, de Tocqueville wrote that American individualism resulted from the absence of a... |
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Definition
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Term
As a candidate running for president, Andrew jackson's political philosophy was based on his... |
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Definition
suspicion of the federal government |
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Term
Southerners feared the "abominable" Tariff of 1828 because they believed... |
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Definition
the federal power this bill represented could be used to surpress slavery |
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Term
The nullification crises started by South Carolina over the Tariff of 1828 ended when... |
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Definition
Henry Clay's 1833 Compromise Tariff was passed |
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Term
One of the positive aspects of the Bank of the United States (1830's) was that it... |
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Definition
promoted national economic expansion by making secure credit available |
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Term
Americans who were suspicious of elites and societies believed that the... party was most appealing in 1832 |
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Definition
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Term
Both the Democratic party and the Whig Party were similar in being... yet, the whigs differed because they supported... |
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Definition
mass-based political parties, ...supported internal improvements and the American System |
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Term
The "Know-Nothings" fear of and opposition to immigration is known as... |
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Definition
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Term
The American system of manufacturing was successful in the early 1800's because of its' use of...
Samuel Slater made an impact on the industrial revolution by helping...become successful |
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Definition
interchangeable parts,
textile mills |
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Term
In the case of Commonwealth vs. Hunt, the court ruled that... |
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Definition
"peaceful" labor unions were constitutional |
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Term
The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it... |
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Definition
strengthened the economic ties between the western and northern regions |
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Term
Deists like Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin believed in a... |
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Definition
supreme being who created a universe governed by natural law |
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Term
The religious sects that gained the most from the Second Great Awakening were... |
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Definition
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Term
The 1848 Seneca Falls conference demanded a greater...for women |
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Definition
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Term
"Utopian" societies like Brook Farm and New Harmony held.... as a founding ideal |
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Definition
cooperative social and economic practices |
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Term
William Llyod Garrison called for "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of slaves" in... |
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Definition
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Term
The invention of the...was the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the early 1800's |
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Definition
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Term
The most prominent issue in national politics in the 1840's was the... |
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Definition
westward expansion of U.S. territory |
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Term
members of the WHig party during the Mexican War would...the idea of Manifest Destiny |
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Definition
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Term
Some people hoped for a British alliance with Texas because then they could... |
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Definition
attempt to end slavery in Texas |
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Term
Texas was annexed to the U.S. due to President Tyler's... |
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Definition
desire to help his troubled administration |
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Term
The group that was instrumental in expanding and promoting American claims to Oregon were... |
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Definition
American missionaries to the Indians |
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Term
The nomination of James K. POlk in 1844 was secured by... |
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Definition
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Term
IN the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the U.S. was set at the... |
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Definition
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Term
"spot resolutions" were proposed by... during the Mexican War |
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Definition
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Term
The terms of the Guadalupe-Hidalgo treaty, ending the Mexican War, included... |
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Definition
U.S. payment of 15 million dollars for the cession of northern mexico |
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Term
The Wilmont Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that...
The Wilmont Proviso was most supported by... |
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Definition
slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States
...the free soil party |
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Term
The slogan "54-40 or flight" that helped Polk get elected in 1844 referred to a... |
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Definition
dispute with Britain over the Canadian/Oregon border |
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Term
"From the beginning of settlement in America the frontier regions have exercised a steady influence towards democracy..." This statement is part of a historical theory known as... |
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Definition
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Term
IN the 1850's the South differed from the North in that the South had... |
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Definition
fewer European immigrants |
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Term
The main issue of the 1850's Free Soil Party was that the... |
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Definition
the federal government should stop the further spread of slavery in territories |
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Term
The Dred Scott decision stated that... |
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Definition
black people were not citizens of the U.S. |
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Term
In the famous Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Lincoln noted...while Douglas created the... |
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Definition
Lincoln noted the contradiction between popular sovereignty and the Dred Scott Decision, Douglass created the "Freeport Doctrine" |
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Term
Lincoln's platform in the 180 presidential race promised... |
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Definition
promised to protect each states; right to control their own domestic institutions |
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Term
What was the Republican Party's opinion on slavery in the 1860's? |
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Definition
the extension of slavery should be prevented |
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Term
The most valuable export from the U.S. during 1860 was... |
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Definition
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Term
Marbury vs. Madison was the first instance of judicial review. What was the second occasion for an act of Congress being overturned by the supreme court? |
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Definition
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Term
The most divisive and controversial aspect of slavery in the first half of the 19th century was the... |
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Definition
status of slavery in the territories |
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Term
The U.S. Navy;s seizure of CSA diplomats from the British ship Trent was the... |
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Definition
closest decisive foreign policy success during the Civil War |
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Term
Gen. Winfeild Scott's proposals to: set up a naval blockade of the European nations shipping military supplies to the confederates, set up a naval blockade of the confederacy's atlantic and gulf coastlines, and to divide the confederacy by gaining the Mississippi River WERE ALL APART OF HIS... |
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Definition
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Term
Union Gen. Grant wanted to capture Vicksburg because it meant... |
|
Definition
control over the Mississippi River |
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Term
The key event boosting Lincoln's 1864 re-election bid was the... |
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Definition
capture and destruction of Atlanta by General Sherman |
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Term
The capturing of Richmond, Virginia was the... northern strategy accomplished by the North |
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Definition
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Term
During the Civil War, the U.S. for the first time had a... |
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Definition
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Term
The only goal achieved by the South during the Civil War was... |
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Definition
frequent victories over the union armies |
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Term
A longterm political consequence of the Civil War was that the southern concept of... was defeated |
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Definition
Southern concept that the constitution was a compact of states |
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Term
shortages caused from northern naval blockades, general grant's support of attrition, sherman's march through atlanta, and the confederacy's failure to obtain foreign assisstence all led to... |
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Definition
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Term
Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan for reconstruction provided for... |
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Definition
quick restoration of loyal governments for the formerly confederate states now under union control |
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Term
In the view of president Andrew Johnson, the defeated confederate states had... |
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Definition
retained some rights as they had never actually been out of the union |
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Term
The radical republican opinion following the Civil War was that the southern states had reverted to... |
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Definition
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Term
Post Civil War black codes were intended to place limits on... |
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Definition
the socioeconomic oppurtunities for freedmen |
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Term
Congressional attempts at reconstruction benefitted African-Americans in several ways, however it DID NOT GUARANTEE... |
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Definition
didn't guarentee to own land for each freedmen family through the wide distribution of confiscated confederate arms |
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Term
The fourteenth amendment was important because it guaranteed... |
|
Definition
equal protection under the law for every American citizen |
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Term
Under the "crop lien" system, a sharecrop farmer mortgaged his next crop to a merchant in order to... |
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Definition
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Term
The sharecropping system in the SOuth following reconstruction had the effect of pushing tenant farmers and sharecroppers... |
|
Definition
into a deep level of debt to landowners and merchants |
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Term
A longterm success of reconstruction's gov. was is established... |
|
Definition
a functioning public education system in the south |
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Term
Why did congressional reconstruction end in 1877? |
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Definition
Republican and Democratic parties effected everything after the 1876 presidential election |
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Term
The 1876 presidential election between Tilden and Hayes forced congress to appoint a... and overall the election was decided by the... |
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Definition
...appoint a special electoral commission to decide the issue of contested electoral votes ...the election was decided by the H.O.R. when neither candidate received a majority |
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Term
In speaking of "redemption" in a political sense, white Southerners of the reconstruction ear reffered to... |
|
Definition
ridding the SOuth of the new reconstruction governments |
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Term
The "redeemers" in the South supported... |
|
Definition
states' rights and white supremacy |
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Term
In the 1880's, the issue of tariffs on imported goods became a major controversy because high tariffs were resulting in... |
|
Definition
resulting in unnecessarily high prices on manufactured goods, hurting both farmers and consumers while protecting several wealthy manufacturers |
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Term
Jacob Coxey is most well known for leading... |
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Definition
leading an army of unemployed workers on a march from Ohio to Washington, D.C. in 1894 to rally for a federal jobs program |
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Term
In his interpretation of the historical development of the U.S., Frederick jackson Turner focused on the importance of... |
|
Definition
the existence of cheap, unsettled land |
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Term
The horizontal integrations of American industry that occurred at the end of the nineteenth century were primarily a response to... |
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Definition
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Term
In the late nineteenth century, political machines like Tammany Hall were successful primarily because... |
|
Definition
machine politicians provided needed jobs and services to naturalized citizens in return for their votes |
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Term
The statement "Between 1860 and 1896 most national presidential elections were hotly contested and narrow victories for the winner, either in popular or electoral vote" best describes... |
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Definition
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Term
In the late nineteenth century, the federal government did not believe one of their key functions was to... of the poor and unemployed |
|
Definition
ensure the welfare of the poor and unemployed |
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Term
How did the U.S. government initially respond towards movements to establish trade unions in the late nineteenth century? |
|
Definition
THey supported business, hoping they would destroy unions before they grew |
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|
Term
The Haymarket Incident involved |
|
Definition
a riot between striking workers and police |
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Term
Rapid industrialization of the Old South was not affected by... during the nineteenth century |
|
Definition
transcontinental railroads |
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Term
What was one of the largest goals of the Populist movement? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
"Since the Great Plains are a desert anyway, the Indians may be allowed to keep the whole area" expresses the... |
|
Definition
policy taken by the U.S. government of Indians during the late nineteenth century |
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Term
In the late nineteenth century, farmers sought federal relief from distress caused by... |
|
Definition
discriminatory freight rates |
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Term
The intent of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to... yet, it...in its' intended purpose |
|
Definition
assimilate Indians into mainstream American society, FAILED |
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Term
The "ghost dancer" movement among western native americans DID NOT stress the idea of... |
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Definition
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Term
"New Immigration" was made up of people from... |
|
Definition
Southern and Eastern Europe |
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Term
The settlement-house movement drew its workers primarily from... |
|
Definition
young, affluent, college women |
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Term
The difference between W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington can best be summed up as a debate over whether... |
|
Definition
African Americans should first seek legal or economic equality with the whites |
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Term
In the late 19th century, what constitutes the massive popularity of books such as Progress and Poverty, Looking Backward, 2000-1887, and Coin's Financial School? |
|
Definition
The fact that these works reflected widespread concern over the maldistribution of wealth accompanying industrialization |
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Term
Someone born in 1815 whom died in 1885 would NOT have voted for a...presidential candidate in their time |
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Definition
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Term
Mark Twain's stories like Huckleberry Finn are example of the ...trend in books during the late 19th century |
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Definition
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Term
The primary cause for the Spanish American war was... |
|
Definition
American expansionism and support for Cuban nationalism |
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Term
The Spanish-American War s[urred building of the Panama Canal by demonstrating... |
|
Definition
the need to shift naval forces quickly from the Atlantic to the Pacific |
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Term
THe Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903 gave the U.S.... |
|
Definition
a permanent lease to an area ten miles wide in Panama |
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Term
During the nineteenth century, one thing that farmers didn't complain about was the rise of...prices |
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Definition
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Term
Liberty of concious was defended by Roger Williams on the grounds that the state was... |
|
Definition
improper and ineffectual agency in matters of the spirit |
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Term
The Embargo Act of 1807 disrupted... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The national Road was primarily constructed for the purpose of promoting... |
|
Definition
promoting communication and trade with the Old NorthWest |
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Term
"Commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded it's national base" is/isn't a belief of Manifest Destiny |
|
Definition
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|
Term
A TRUE statement about women's suffrage was that the only states with it before 1900 were... |
|
Definition
were west of the Mississippi |
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Term
The AFL under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized... |
|
Definition
skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains |
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Term
In the period between 1800 and 1915, the "Back to Africa movement" can be considered as... |
|
Definition
irrelevant, because the movement didn't start yet!! |
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Term
The forced relocation of the Japanese during the second World War was supported by President Roosevelt, claiming... |
|
Definition
claiming that military necessity justified the action |
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Term
In the early years of the textile industry in Lowell, MA, owners of the textile mills were best known for their... |
|
Definition
idealistic efforts to avoid the worst evil of English industrialization |
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Term
The division of tribal lands among individual members constitutes the significant change in... |
|
Definition
in the treatment of American Indians |
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Term
Many mexicans migrated to the U.S. dring the first world war because... |
|
Definition
revolution in Mexico had caused social upheaval and dislocation |
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Term
In the presidential election of 1928, the strongest sign of strong anti-catholic sentiment was... |
|
Definition
Alfred E. Smith's failure to carry a solidly democratic south |
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Term
During his presidency, Harry Truman did all of the following EXCEPT: -abolish the Tennesse Valley Authority - establish a new loyalty program for federal employees -extend social security benefits -order desegregation of armed forces -veto the taft-hartley bill |
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Definition
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Term
Richard Nixon's 1968 political comeback win of the presidency can be explained by his... |
|
Definition
dissention with the Democratic party over Vietnam |
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Term
The Kentuckey Virginia Resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were all similar in that they all involved a defense of... |
|
Definition
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Term
The Roosevelt corrolary to the Monroe Doctrine declared the U.S. as... |
|
Definition
the "policeman" of the western hemisphere |
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Term
"Areas of residence became increasingly became an indicator of social class" is a statement true of... |
|
Definition
American cities between 1890-1930 |
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Term
European immigration to the U.S. dramatically decreased in the 1920's primarily because of... |
|
Definition
the u.s. passing several restrictive immigration quota laws |
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Term
An underlying cause of the Great Depression that began in 1929 was to removal of... |
|
Definition
all tariff protections for U.S. industries |
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Term
During the 1930's, the Great Depression led to a... |
|
Definition
mass internal migration of Americans looking for work |
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Term
At the outset of the GReat Depression, President Hoover approached the task of caring for unemployed workers by emphasizing the importance of... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
FDR's "Court Packing" system did NOT involve a quickly withdrawn... |
|
Definition
withdrawn majority of Supreme Court Justices |
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Term
Roosevelt's foreign policy decisions PRIOR to U.S. entry in WW2 were... (whom did they contrast with?) |
|
Definition
in sharp contrast with Woodrow Wilson's idealism preceding entry into WW1 |
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Term
Conscription policies in WW1 and WW2 differed significantly because in WW2... |
|
Definition
the draft began the U.S. officially entered the war |
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Term
Charles Lindbergh became a national American hero for all of the following reasons EXCEPT for the fact that he... |
|
Definition
called for US leadership in global affairs and intervention in WW2 |
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Term
The conservative Democrats' 1948 "Dixiecrat" Party was mainly formed to oppose Truman's... |
|
Definition
proposals for Civil Rights legislation |
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Term
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was passed despite... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
A massive influx of immigrants immediately following WW2 did a little/a lotto increase the influence of McCarthyism |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Eisenhower's Se. of State John Foster Dulles is most associated with a policy of... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
"complete dismantling of all New-Deal programs" was not/was a major development during Eisenhower's presidency |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The passage of the Alliance for Progress with Latin America was a success for which president? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
In negotiation to end the Cuban Missile Crises, President Kennedy promoted to... |
|
Definition
refrain from any future invasion of Cuba |
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Term
What event made JFK a national hero in 1962 due to the way Americans believed he successfully stood up the the Russians? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The National Organization for Women was founded in 1966 with a particular focus to challenge... |
|
Definition
challenge sex-discrimination and inequality in the workplace |
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|
Term
The Warren Commission's announced finding in the investigation into the assassination of JFK found that... |
|
Definition
Oswald acted alone in the assassination |
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|
Term
One of the immediate consequences of the "Tet Offensive" was that... |
|
Definition
popular support of the war in the U.S. died down, while the anti-war movement grew |
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|
Term
Which black leader had integration rather than black seperatism as a goal (1960's)? |
|
Definition
W.E.B. Debois and the Niagra Movement |
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Term
Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan were similar as presidential candidates in that both capatalized on... |
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on their status in Washington D.C. as an "outsider" |
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What women led a campaign to OPPOSE the ratification of the Equal RIghts Amendment? |
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The senate confirmation hearings for Clarence Thomas' nomination to the Supreme COurt was rocked by allegations of... |
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During the presidency of H.W. Bush, the U.N.'s coalition military force's main objective in Operation Desert Storm was to... |
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At the time President George H.W. Bush spoke of building a "new world order", the most significant even confronting him was the break up of... |
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the break-up of the old Soviet Union into seperate states |
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The Iran-Contra Affair upset most Americans because it involved... |
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a presidential cover-up similar to, if not worse than, Watergate |
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President Ronald Reagan's military objectives included the funding for... |
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for construction of an extensive anti-missile satellite system |
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In the 1992 election, which candidate used his enormous personal wealth to fuel his campaign? |
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Which group of laborers experienced the greatest percentage of growth since the 1950's? |
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NATO and NAFTA are modern day examples of the U.S. practicing the idea of... |
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The "graying" of America since the 1970's us widely seen as having threatened... |
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voter turnout in national elections |
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The task force that failed to gain passage of President Clinton's controversial national health care initiative, also attracted negative attention of conservative critics because it was headed by... |
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Justice WIlliam Rhenquist |
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In the 1990's, what was the fastest growing population group in the U.S.? |
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Middle Eastern immigrants |
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The 1970's and 80's did not see an increase of... (domestic issue. think typical family) |
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the percent of two-parent households |
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