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Ancient civilization (1200-1500AD) that was located in the Andes in Peru |
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| 1200-1521) 1300, they settled in the valley of Mexico. Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshipped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god needed human blood to continue his journeys across the sky. Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor.Click to flip |
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an ancient settlement of southern Indians, located near present day St. Louis, it served as a trading center for 40,000 at its peak in A.D. 1200. |
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| beans growing on the trellis of the cornstalks and squash covering the plants mounds to retain moisture in the soil |
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The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. |
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Treaty that divided the lands of the New World between Spain and Portugal; most of the New World territory went to Spain, with Portugal receiving land in Africa, Asia, and South America. |
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System in which the Spanish government "gave" a group of Indians to colonists in return for the promise to try to Christianize them; institutionalized slavery. |
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Indian uprising in New Mexico in 1680; angry with the efforts of Roman Catholic missionaries to suppress native religious customs, Pueblo rebels destroyed every Catholic church in the province, killed hundreds of priests and Spanish settlers, and built a religious chamber on the ruins of the Spanish plaza. |
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False concept that the Spanish conquerors merely tortured and butchered the Indians, stole their gold, and infected them with smallpox; the Spanish also erected a colossal empire and incorporated indigenous culture into their own, rather than simply shunning and isolating the Indians, as the English would later do. |
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Ill-fated colony established by Sir Walter Raleigh in North Carolina; an early attempt at English colonization, the settlers mysteriosly disappeared. |
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This "invincible" armada was defeated by Britain's swifter ships in 1588, marking the end of Spanish imperial dreams, dampening Spain's spirit and ensuring Britain's naval dominance in the North Atlantic, inspiring a sense of nationalism, confidence, and patriotism. |
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Laws that decreed that only eldest sons were eligible to inherit landed estates; ambitious younger sons were forced to seek their fortunes elsewhere. |
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| These companies provided the financial means for English colonization |
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English colony established by the Virginia Company in 1607; many colonists died from disease, malnutrition, and starvation; the colony was saved from utter collapse by Captain John Smith, but by 1610 only 60 survived; a new governor, Lord De La Warr, arrived in 1610 and imposed a harsh military regime, but disease and hardship contined to plague the colony. |
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Conflict between Jamestown colonists, under Lord De La Warr, and local Indians; the colonists raided villages, burned houses, confiscated provisions, and torched cornfields; a short-lived peace settlement was negotiated witht he marraige of Joh Rolfe and Pocahontas. |
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| Second Anglo-Powhatan War |
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After a series of Indian attacks on the Jamestown colonists, the Virginia Company declared a "perpetual war" on the Indians; the Indians made an unsuccessful last effort to dislodge the Virginians, and were banished from their ancestral lands, formally separating them from white areas of settlement. |
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