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| shift from a purely hunter-gatherer lifestyle to cultivation of basic crops |
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| widespread exchange of plants, animals, cultures, diseases, ideas, and human populations between the Old and New Worlds after the arrival of Columbus. |
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| humanistic revival of art, science, and literature in 14th century Europe |
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| Spanish conqueror of New World in 16th and 17th centuries |
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| (1494) Divided the world along a line located 270 leagues west of the Azores between Portugal and Spain |
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| system of land grants by the Spanish crown that gave the right to the labor of the Indians on the land |
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| defense of Indian rights by Bartolomé de las Casas |
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| person of mixed European and Native American heritage in Spanish colonial America |
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| person of mixed European and African heritage in Spanish colonial America |
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| people of Spanish heritage born in the Spanish colonies |
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| natives of Spain living in the Spanish colonies |
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| Conquistador of the Aztecs in Mexico. |
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