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| sharp drops in business activity accompained by rising unemployment |
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| english phlisopher who developed the theory of natural rights; wrote Two Treatises on civil government |
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| Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom |
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| stated human mind was created free and government control over religion was tyrannical |
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| one of the first female playwrights in USA |
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| offer moral guidence to husbands; educate children; ensure healthy future of the new republic |
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| early supporter of confederation of states; Poor Richards Almanac |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| document that created an association of states while guarenteeing each state its "sovereignty, freedom and independence" |
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| ordinance that marked off the land inot townships |
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| established system for governing the northwest territory; land west of ohio river (free) |
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| former revolutionary war captain |
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| (1786-1787) Farmers shut down debtors courts and stopped property auctions; spurred delegates to want to ammend articles of confederation |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| (1781-1789) 13 articles, each state had one vote, 9/13 was required for legislative action, 13/13 required to ammend the articles themselves, No chief executive, No judicial branch, and congress was an assembly of delegates chosen by the states. |
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declare war/make peace;
coin and barrow money;
conduct foriegn policy and sign; treaties;
opperate and maintain a postal system; |
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| Powers denied by articles |
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| Inforce its' own laws in the state;tax;regulate interstate trade and business; create and maintain a federal army and navy |
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| powers lie within the states |
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| Representative government; "supreme power rests in the consent of the governed" White male property owners(21 years old) |
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| First demarcation of free or slavery |
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| ohio river; north=free south=SLAVES |
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| division of powers between a strong central government and state government |
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| tax on imports and exports |
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| delegates seleceted by state governments |
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| constitutional convention |
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| (May-September 1787) meeting in philidelphia; 55 delegates only Rhode Island not present |
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| Date of Adoption of Constitution |
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| (September 17,1787) Only needed 9/13 to ratify |
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| Father of the constitution; wrote virginia plan |
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| Governor of virginia who presented virginia plan |
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| drafted by Madison; bic cameral; federal form of government; representation based on population |
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| Connecticut; proposed a two house legislature based on population and equal representation |
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| proposed by Roger Sherman; granted each state one vote in the upper house and population in lower house |
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| only 3/5 of slave population count to states overall population |
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| feared a powerful nation government |
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| series of 85 essays; written for newspapers under name Plubis; written by Hamilton, Madison and Jay; solicited ratification of Constitution |
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| enumeral;exclusive to central federal government |
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| powers that are shared by the federal and state government Ex. taxes |
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| states that constitution and all federal laws outrank state constituions and state laws |
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| allocation of powers between 3 branches; prevents anyone from being too powerful |
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| established by constitution; allows sharing of powers and prevented one branch from being too powerful |
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| Age requirement for House |
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| Age requirement for Senate |
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| only body who can draw articles of impeachment; introduce revenue/tax laws |
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| jury in trials of impeachment |
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| Antifederalist belief; literal translation of the Constitution |
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| Federalist belief; the government can do anything the Constitution doesn't specifically forbid |
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| a)simple efficient and frugal government b) elimination of national debt c)redcution of army and navy d) lower taxes e) promotion of agrarian taxes, states rights, civil liberties f) laissez-faire |
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| English agree to withdraw from NW territory;settle land boundry disputes, pay american ship owners for seizing goods, stop impressment of american soldiers |
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| 10 ammendments meant to protect individual liberites |
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| established federal district court for each states; 6 justicies of Supreme court; defined courts powers; created office of attorney general |
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| first secretary of treasury; most trusted advisor of Washington |
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| national bank; central bank with branches in major cities |
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| (1794) rebellion on whiskey tax; Pittsburgh; Hamiltons tax on corn liquor; federal officials tarred and feathered |
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| commanded group of Indians who were deffending thier land in the northwest territory |
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| 1) commander and chief of armed forces 2)chief of state 3)chief diplomat 4)chief legislater 5)chief jurist 6)chief politician 7)chief executive |
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| (1795)With Spain;fixed southern boundry of united states at 31st parallel; granted rights of deposit in new orleans; rights to use the Mississippi |
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| Laws intended to protect the nation and weaken the republicans;gave president authority to imprison or expel threatning aliens |
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| Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions |
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| Madison and Jefferson opposed alien and sedition acts by federalists;right of nullification |
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| led forces to protect Northwest Territory |
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| Indians vs Wayne's army; Ohio; ended with Treaty of Greenville and loss of Indians land |
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| gave US indian lands in ohio and indiana; indians received $20;000 in goods and formal claims to lands they still had |
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| Senate; person has to keep speaking until stopped by a cloture |
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| Senate; person has to keep speaking until stopped by a cloture |
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| stops filibuster; 16 senators and 3/5s Senate votes |
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| no time limits on floor; elected by state legislators |
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| ammending the constitution |
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| Presidental age requirement |
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| (natural born) 14 years of residence |
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| First President born in US |
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| number of house and senate members |
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| Electoral College (House) |
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| Electoral College (Senate) |
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| Electoral College (Washington DC) |
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| Required number of votes for election |
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| When eletoral college meets |
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| 1st Monday after 2nd Wednesday in December |
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| british practice of kidnapping american sailors and forcing them to serve in the british navy |
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| right to transfer goods at a destination without having to pay duties on the cargo |
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| loyalty to a particular part of the country |
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| french rebellion; french overthrew monarchy and made french republic |
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| sent to US to get aid for france in war agaisnt england |
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| Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord |
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| frances foriegn minister who demanded XYZ from US |
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| Demanded bribe loan from US in exchange for french stay away from american ships (code for three agents) |
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| to speak out against the government |
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| mostly statute laws; =constitutional issues |
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| case begins in supreme court |
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| case starting in a lower court |
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| due process and eminent domain |
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| president and vice president are elected seperately;reduction from five canidates to 3 for house to chose pressident |
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| power of the courts to declare an act congress unconstitutional |
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| US senator from new york who ran for presidency |
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| Chief justice for 30 years; was federalist |
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| First landmark court case of supreme court; also the first use of judicial review |
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| Largest land Purchase; $15Million$; bought buy Jefferson; created unrest among northern federalists |
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| Led Slave revolt in Espanola and took over colony |
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| Sent on expedition to explore land; map geography; and record natural resources |
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| Shoshone hired guide and interpurter on expedition |
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| Printed sights of mississippi valley and discoverd pikes peak in colorado |
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| Alexander Hamilton* John Jay James Madison and John Marshall |
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| federalists (occupations) |
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| politicians; wealthy merchants; lawyers; planters WEALTHY |
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| Antifederalists (leaders) |
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| Samuel Adams John Hancock Patrick Henry |
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| Antifederalists (occupations) |
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| Farmers; politicians; and planters COMMAN CLASS YO |
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| Adams federalists appointments |
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| Order from higher level to lower level to do something |
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| Against foreign imports and no exports; hurt economy |
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| Madison: Macon's Bill of 1810 |
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| States wouldnt trade wit aggressors in the seas |
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| Henry Clay and John Calhoun |
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| (1811)Governor William Henry Harrison and John Tyler; Tipacanoe River Against Tenkaswatawa |
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