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Definition
- Delegates from several colonies met up with Iroquois leader in order to:
- Try to establish an alliance with the Indians
- Unite the colonies
- Ben Franklin did the "Join Or Die" cartoon
- Failed at both goals
- Colonies wanted to stay separate
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Term
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Definition
- Also called Seven Years' War
- Fought in Am and Eu
- 1754-1763
- Fr was hard to fight b/c set up trading posts and forts
- Eng settlers got grants for OV and Fr viewed it as invasion
- GW and othes go to OV
- tried to capture Fr fort, but Fr reinforcements arrived and did not win
- General Braddock=bad Eng general who led them to a defeat in battle
- Eng went after Canada
- Eng defeated a lot until William Pitt took over
- Battle of Quebec fought in 1759
- Settled by Treaty of Paris in 1763
- Effects on Am:
- military experience
- gained more confidence
- No more Frs and less of an Indian threat
- Depend less on Eng
- Effects on Eng:
- End of Salutary Neglect
- Thought colonies should pay their part
- Angry at colonies for not being dependent
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- Group of 5 tribes
- Brought to the Albany Congress to negotiate with colonies
- bribed to support colonies
- Took bribes and said that they wouldn't support
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- Fr extend empire to Quebec
- Gov't directly under king
- Catholic
- Most valuable resource: beaver
- fur-trappers made lots of $
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- Treaty that ended the FIW
- Eng gets a lot of land
- Fr loses all land in Am
- Sp gets Louisiana
- Eng ends Salutary Neglect
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Term
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Definition
- 1763 Indians massacred colonists
- In retaliation, colonists gave Indians blankets with smallpox
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Definition
- Law passed by Par that said that colonists couldn't settle W of the App Mtns
- Supposed to be because of Indian threat
- Put Am under strict eco and polit control of Eng
- Colonists were angered by this
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Term
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Definition
- The leader of govt that turned around the FIW
- Known as Great Commoner and Organizer of Victory
- Concentrated efforts on Quebec and Montreal
- Chose young and energetic leaders
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Term
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Definition
- General search warrants given to Eng officials in Am
- Officias could search anywhere for smuggled goods for no reason
- Angered colonists
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Term
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Definition
- Where colonists were tried for disobeying tax laws
- Guilty until proven innocent
- No jury
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Definition
- Prussian guy who came to Am to train our soldiers
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- The colonists formed a mob and started throwing ice and stuff at Eng officials, who then fired
- Several Ams died/were mortally wounded
- John Adams defended the Engs on trial
- Blown out of proportion by Paul Revere
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Term
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Definition
- Dressed as Indians, the Sons of Liberty
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Term
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Definition
| to not buy any of something in an attempt to protest |
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Term
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Definition
- 1767 put taxes on americans
- the point was
- to raise revenue in the colonies to pay for governors and judges who would be independent of colonial control,
- to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations,
- to punish the New York for failing to comply with the 1765 Quartering Act and
- to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies.
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Term
| Committees of Correspondence |
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Definition
- organized by Sam Adams in 1772 in MA
- Purpose: to spread the spirit of resistance by exchanging letters and thus keeping alive opposition to GB
- soon intercolonial ones were formed
- Developed into firstAmerican congresses
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Term
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Definition
- Affirmed Parliament's right to bind the colonies in all cases
- Basically GB saying that they have complete control over the colonies
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Term
| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
- Met in Philadelphia in 1774 to address Intolerable Acts
- Created The Association which created a complete boycott of all British goods
- nonimportation, nonexportation, nonconsumption
- not calling for independence-- only wanted unfair legislation to be repealed
- king george ignored their petition
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Term
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Definition
- Parliament passed them in 1774
- branded as the "massacre of American Liberty"
- Most of chartered rights of colonial Am
- Restrictions placed on town meetings
- enforcing officials who killed colonists in the line of duty went to britain for trial
- sig because they would probably be acquitted in their home country
- new Quartering Act which gave local british authorities to lodges soldiers anywhere
- As a result, first continental congress was called
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Term
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Definition
- King George III's prime minister
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Term
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Definition
- Supported GB and fought for them in the AmRev
- approx 16%
- more numerous among the older generation
- thought selves superior to patriots
- appealed to people of modest means who identified withGB and feared for Am win
- Ethnic minorities often sided with GB because they thought there would be more religious toleration
- slaves also joined because they were hoping thatGB would liberate them
- after the AmRev, many fled to GB
- king's officers etc-- they knew where they "got their bread from"
- giant blunder of GB not to make full use of them during the AmRev
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- french dude who trained the Am army
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Term
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Definition
- Believed that wealth = power and a country's eco power could be measured by the amount of gold/silver in the treasury
- country needed to export more than it imported
- colonies could supply raw material and could provide a market
- passed laws to enforce this system
- inflicted a currency shortage in colonies
- GB made colonies only trade with them
- caused smuggling
- ams did get benefits
- got a lot of money selling tobacco
- GB paid ship manufacturers
- got the protection of GB's army and navy
- but it stifled eco initiative and caused dependency on GB
- Ams felt that they wern't allowed to reach full potential
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Term
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Definition
- act passed to stop Am trade with Fr West Indies
- Ams responded by smuggling
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Term
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Definition
- Laws passed enforcing mercantilism
- PM George Grenville enforcedthem, which greatly angered colonists
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Term
| No Taxation without Representation |
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Definition
- Colonists felt that the taxes were unfair because they were not directly represented in Parliament
- However, they did not actually want to have a person in congress because then they would lose anyway by being outnumbered and they would no longer have moral backing
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Term
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Definition
- 1765 some colonies were ordered to provide food and quarters for british troops
- later as part of the Intolerable Acts
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Term
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Definition
- passed right when the Intolerable acts were passed in 1774
- French in Canada guaranteed religious freedom
- permitted to retain many old customs
- did not include rep assembly or trial by jury
- boundaries extended
- French Canadians liked it
- But Ams thought it was horrible
- by denying assemblies and jury, thought it would set a precedent
- anti-catholics hated it
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Term
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Definition
- after FIW, GB had huge debt, mostly b/c of defending colonies
- required offenders to be tried in admiralty courts, which had no jury
- caused the cry of "no taxation without representation"
- colonists were furious
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Term
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Definition
- brought together colonies
- drew up statement of their rights and grievances
- wanted king/par to repeal
- didn't really make a diff at first
- began to erode sectional suspicions
- sig: step towards colonial unity
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Term
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Definition
- Another tax, blah blah blah
- Was the first tax passed by par that raised tax revenue for the crown for colonies
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Term
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Definition
- paid the salaries of governors and british judges
- colonists did not take the tax as srsly as the stamp act because it waslight and indirect, because they could smuggle
- then the East India company created a monopoly and making tea cheaper, which the colonists saw as GB trying to get them to accept the tax
- strong opposition
- resulted in tarringandfeathering of tax collectors
- also cause the boston tea party
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Term
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Definition
- In June 1775 the colonists seized a hill
- GB attacked with 3,000 men
- Ams totallycut them down,resultingin alot of blood
- then their gunpowder ran out and they were foced to abandon the hill
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Term
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Definition
- Written by Thomas Paine
- said that Ams should rebel
- shouldn't have to be ruled over by GB
- incredibly influential
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
- Written by TJeff
- Ideas came from Richard Henry Lee
- invoked "natural rights" of humankind
- made a long list of King George's misdeeds
- Helped get foreign aid
- inspired revs around the world
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