Term
| Name the spanish primitive outpost in north America |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the french primitive outpost in north America |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the english primitive outpost in north America |
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Definition
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Term
| This made English colonization lag behind the spanish |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the religious conflict in England between? |
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Definition
| Protestants and Catholics |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Francis Drake |
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Definition
-privateer
-sailed around the globe
-brought profits of 4600%
-knighted by Elizabeth |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Humphrey Gilbert |
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Definition
-tried to colonize Newfoundland
-died at sea |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Walter Raleigh |
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Definition
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Term
| When King Philip II invaded England with the "invincible" ______, he lost to the ______ and _____ |
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Definition
-Spanish Armada
-smaller ships
-"Protestant Wind" |
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Term
| After the defeat of the Spanish, the English had what in common with Spain's early colonizing characteristics? |
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Definition
| Religious unity under a great monarchy |
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Term
| During the English depression, this forced many farmers into begging |
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Definition
enclosure
(" the process which ends traditional rights such as mowing meadows for hay, or grazing livestock on common land") |
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Term
| These two English groups were looking to colonize due to poor economic events |
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Definition
-younger sons
-beggar farmers |
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Term
-this joint-stock company received a charter to colonize from James I
-what did it guarantee to colonizers? |
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Definition
-The Virginia Company of London
-equal rights as Englishmen |
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Term
| IN WHAT YEAR WAS JAMESTOWN FOUNDED???? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were James I's orders for finding a place to settle? |
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Definition
-find a place that's easily defensible
-find a place that's good for easy unloading of ships
-create good relations with the Indians |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Lord Baltimore |
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Definition
-founder of Maryland
-planted Catholic rleatives, colonists looking for land in Chesapeake region when Protestants and Catholics lost and the Baltimore family lost proprietary rights |
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Term
| Maryland passed this, which guaranteed equal rights to everyone who did NOT deny the divinity of Jesus |
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Definition
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Term
| What elements weakened the Spanish so that the English were able to conquer some West Indie land for itself |
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Definition
-overextended military
-rebellious Dutch settlers |
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Term
| __________ was to the West Indies as tobacco was to the colonies |
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Definition
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Term
| In THIS PLACE, slaves outnumbered settlers 4:1 |
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Definition
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Term
| name the slave code that started elsewhere but came to be used throughout the colonies |
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Definition
| Barbados slave code (1661) |
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Term
| These two Indian tribes were composed of extinct tribes |
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Definition
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Term
| What led to more N.A./N.A warfare after the colonists arrived? |
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Definition
| The NAs liked the European stuff, especially their weapons |
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Term
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Definition
-improved upon tobacco to cause a tobacco rush
-sealed peace agreement of first anglo-powhatan war by marrying Pocahantas |
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Term
| What did the tobacco rush cause? |
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Definition
| colonists wanted more land |
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Term
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Definition
-House of Burgesses
-shipload of women
-africans brought over
-VA made a royal colony |
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Term
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Definition
Told Jamestown settlers:
"No work? No food!"
-kidnapped by Powhatan, saved by Pocahantas |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Lord De La Warr |
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Definition
-stopped colonizers from leaving Jamestown
-imposed harsh rule
-used brutal "Irish tactics" in the first Anglo-Powhatan War |
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Term
who initiated the second anglo-powhatan war, and who won?
What did the peace treaty do? |
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Definition
Powhatans - started it
English - won
the peace treaty destroyed hopes of assimilating cultures, and the Powhatans became extinct |
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Term
| What were the names of the 3 ships headed for roanoke? |
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Definition
| Susan Constant, Godspeed, Discovery |
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Term
| Give a summary of the civil war in England that disrupted colonizing of the Americas (not the religious disputes!) |
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Definition
-King Charles I dismissed Parliament in 1629
-called them back in 1640
-members beheaded Charles I, got Oliver Cromwell
-Then Charles II took over |
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Term
| While civil war in England made colonization lag, the [period] caused a spike in empire building |
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Definition
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Term
| V/F: The Lords Proprietors imported slaves from the West Indies |
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Definition
| falsum. Actually, they did not like slaves in their colony |
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Term
| V/F: The Lords Proprietors were Charles II's 8 court favorites that founded Georgia |
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Definition
| ALMOST verum, but they founded Carolina |
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Term
| V/F: Carolinians were determined to "thin" the savannas. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______became the staple crop in Carolina |
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Definition
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Term
| the demand for rice in carolina led to what? |
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Definition
| demand for experienced rice growing slaves and those immune to malaria (ie Africans) |
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Term
NAME THAT COLONY:
"a vale of humility between two mountains of authority" |
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Definition
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Term
| The Tuscarora Indians were beat by the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| The Yamasee Indians were beat by the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the 3 lasting Indian tribes after the southern colonies were formed? |
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Definition
-Iroquois
-Cherokees
-Creeks |
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Term
| What was the last of the 13 colonies to be made? |
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Definition
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Term
| What colony was formed as a buffer between the English and spanish? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| this colony was the only one to receive monetary subsidies from England |
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Definition
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Term
| While Georgia was considered a melting pot, there was one group of people not included. Who were they? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the Iroquois made up of? |
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Definition
-Mohawks
-Oneidas
-Onondagas
-Cayugas |
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Term
| Who were the founderS of the Iroquois? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| housed maternal Iroquois family |
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Term
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Definition
| man who told people to forsake alcohol, affirm old family customs, and return to old Iroquois values (Longhouse religion) |
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Term
| What was Martin Luther's philosophy? |
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Definition
| The Bible alone is the source of God's word |
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Term
| What was John Calvin's philosophy? |
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Definition
Predestination
-already predetermined whether or not you're going to heaven
-seek to be "converted" to signal whether you were going to heaven
-then show holy behavior as a "visible saint" |
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Term
| What book did John Calvin write? |
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Definition
| Institutes of Christian Religion |
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Term
| Explain the origin of Puritans and Separatists |
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Definition
When King Henry was making the Anglican Church, people wanted to further reform it, or purify it (thus Puritans)
Some believed that only visible saints should be allowed to join, but Henry let all of his subjects in, and Puritans didn't like sharing pews with who they thought were the damned. Thus, they tried to break away and became known as "Separatists" |
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Term
| Why were Puritans persecuted and originally by whom? |
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Definition
| King James I thought that religious dissenters could become political dissenters |
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Term
| How did the Separatist Puritans end up at Plymouth? |
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Definition
They fled England's persecution and went to Holland, but left so as to avoid the "Dutchification" of their children
They then made a deal with the Virginia Company, missed their destination, and wound up in MA, surveying a few nearby spots before landing |
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Term
| Why was the trip on the Mayflower kind of odd? |
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Definition
| the death toll was one, and there was one person born on the Mayflower |
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Term
| When did the Mayflower arrive? |
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Definition
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Captain Myles Standish |
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Definition
| Fought and negotiated with the Native Americans |
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Term
| V/F James I granted the Puritans a charter upon their settling in Plymouth |
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Definition
| Falsum. The Puritans were squatters |
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Term
| What did the Mayflower Compact entail? |
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Definition
Agreed to
-form a crude gov't
-submit to the will of the majority |
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Term
| Describe the first winter and autumn of the Plymouth settlement |
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Definition
The first winter was brutal, and the Mayflower (with the exception of the Separatists) sailed back to England in the spring
The autumn, however, was prosperous - the first Thanksgiving happened!! |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
William Bradford |
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Definition
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Term
| Who did Plymouth merge with in 1691? |
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Definition
| It merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony |
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Term
| Describe the process of the Non-Separatist Puritan migration |
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Definition
The Non-Separatists were also resented by the gov't, but they slowly gained support in Parliament
In 1629, however, Parliament was dismissed and Charles I persecuted them more
The same year, the Puritans formed the Massachusetts Bay Company |
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Term
Why did the Massachusetts Bay Colony grow so quickly?
Where did everyone else go in the migration? |
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Definition
| So many were fleeing from turmoil in England, but more went to the warm, fertile, sugar-rich West Indies |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
William Laud |
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Definition
| harshly persecuted Non-Separatist Puritans |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
John Winthrop |
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Definition
| First governor of MBC, said he would build a "city upon a hill" |
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Term
| Name three trades that the MBC excelled in |
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Definition
| fur trading, fishing, SHIPBUILDING |
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Term
| The MB colonists thought that they had a covenant with God that entailed a ____ |
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Definition
| holy society as a model for humans |
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Term
| Who were "freemen" in MBC society? |
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Definition
| adult male Puritans who could vote |
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Term
| _______ were allowed at town meetings in the MBC |
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Definition
| all male property holders |
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Term
| Who in the colonies didn't like democracy? |
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Definition
| A certain Mister Winthrop |
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Term
| What are ways in which the MBC really was a democracy? (and ways in which it wasn't?) |
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Definition
YES:
-elect governor, his assistants, a representative assembly, and a general couty
-clergymen could not hold political office
-preachers were elected,salary set
NO:
-only Puritans could be freemen
-God's laws ruled the colony
-established Church |
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Term
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Definition
| Defended government's duty to force religious rules |
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Term
| Nickname for MBC from its theocracy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Jeopardy Q: The Protestants had simple pleasures, and kept them that way with this. |
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Definition
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Term
| How did MBC become known as the blue law state? |
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Definition
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Term
NAME THAT woMAN
Anne Hutchinson |
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Definition
preached antinomianism, which said that "holy life was no sure sign of salvation, and the truly saved need not bother with the laws of God or man"
She told the courts that God told her this
She went to Rhode Island after this, and attacked by Indians in NY |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Roger Williams |
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Definition
-Salem minister, very popular
-extreme Separatist
-challenged the legality of the MBC charter (land shouldn't have been taken from Indians)
-said that the gov't shouldn't regulate religious behavior
-set up Rhode Island, which didn't have established Church, and didn't make non-believers go. |
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Term
| What did the MBC think of Rhode Island? |
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Definition
| Called it a "sewer in which the Lord's debris had collected and rotted" |
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Term
| which colony was the most tolerant and why? |
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Definition
RI
-religious freedom for Jews and Catholics
-No oaths for religious beliefs
-no mandatory attendance at worship
-no Church taxes
-sheltered Quakers |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Thomas Hooker |
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Definition
| founded Connecticut River Colony |
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Term
| What was the first recognized constitution in America? |
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Definition
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut |
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Term
| V/F: Bostonians wanted a closer Church and state than anyone else |
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Definition
BOTH
falsum: it was New Havenites
verum: New Havenites were zealous Bostonians ...though more went to Hartford |
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Term
While CT was a squatter colony, they couldn't get a charter from ___ because...
ALTHOUGH.... |
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Definition
Charles I
bad terms
They got a charter to merge w/ more democratic settlers in CT valley |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Ferdinando Gorges |
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Definition
| man who tried to colonize Maine, but (the colony) was absorbed by MBC, as well as New Hampshire...until the king separated it again |
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Term
| the _______ Indians befriended English settlers |
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Definition
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Term
| THIS MAN helped with cultural accommodation when the Puritans came, and even spoke English! |
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Definition
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Term
| When more English people came to the CT valley, they had confrontations with the ___ and annihilated them with the ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| THESE THINGS were supposed to convert NAs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Massoit's son
-AKA King Philip
-Unified NAs to attack (King Philip's War)
-Beheaded, but slowed westward settlement of English |
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Term
| What happened with England's population ....and THEN what happened? |
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Definition
-Epidemics like the Black Death kept it down UNTIL
-built resistance made the population soar |
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Term
| What sparked the major migration to the colonies from England? |
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Definition
| Economic depression, religious depression |
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Term
| Most of the people migrating from England during the huge influx of colonists were ____. This was because... |
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Definition
-young men in the "middling classes"
-were escaping enclosure, business slump |
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Term
| What were some problems with indentured servants? |
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Definition
-40% died before their indenture finished!!
-"freedom dues" weren't much
-Population explosion ended, AND the London fire happened
-society couldn't reproduce w/ such a high death rate and such a slow shortage of women |
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Term
| In 1643, Four colonies ______ because England _____ |
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Definition
| united to become New England because England was in civil war |
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Term
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Definition
| MBC, Plymouth, New Haven, scattered CT settlements (all Puritans) |
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Term
| Which king of England ended the benign neglect of the colonies? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did Charles II piss off MA? |
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Definition
-gave charter to CT
-gave new charter to RI
-took away MA's charter |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Sir Edmund Andros |
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Definition
-governor of Dominion of NE
-openly affiliated with the COE
-enforced English Navigation Laws
-gave taxes w/o consent |
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Term
| What did the NE DOMINION consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the English Navigation Laws? |
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Definition
| prohibited trate with any non-English entity (which led to increased smuggling) |
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Term
NAME THAT WAR
The Glorious Revolution |
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Definition
-Old England overthrew Catholic James II
-Put in Protestant Will and Mary
-NE Dominion collapsed when they heard |
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Term
| After the Glorious Revolution, MA was made a ___ with a new __ and a new ____ |
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Definition
royal colony
charter
royal governor |
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Term
| How did NY and Maryland come to a relationship of salutary neglect w/ their gov't? |
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Definition
| inspired by Glorious Rev, tried to take out royal governors |
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Term
| How did the Dutch get rich enough to get into the colonizing game? |
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Definition
| -they rebelled against Spain with Protestant England's help (Anglo-Dutch Wars) |
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Term
| Describe the Dutch peoples' colonization efforts |
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Definition
-colonized East Indies w/ Dutch East India Co.
-sent Henry Hudson to explore Delaware and NY Bay and Hudson River, which was colonized by Dutch West India co. |
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Term
| The Dutch established THIS COLONY for a quick profit in the WHAT busines |
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Definition
New Netherland
fur-tradubg |
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Term
| Manhattan Island was bought for... |
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Definition
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Term
| Manhattan Island was bought for... |
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Definition
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Term
| New Amsterdam was run how? |
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Definition
-with stockholders in mind -strict, religous, and it had PATROONSHIPS
(vast feudal estates with >50 settlers) |
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Term
| What happened with the Dutch colonizing venture |
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Definition
-incomptent directors-generals
-demanding stockholders
-wiped out Thirty Years' War winner Sweden |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
Peter Stuyvesant |
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Definition
| -helped Dutch wipe out Swedish |
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Term
| How did NY come under the English? |
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Definition
| Charles II gave it to his brother, and Stuyvesant was short on munitions, so he had to give in |
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Term
| What was colonial NY like? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-"Religious Society of Friends"
-Refused to pay taxes to the COE
-Believed everyone was a child of God
-wouldn't take oaths (Jesus commanded to "swear not at all")
-refused military service
-passively resistant |
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Term
NAME THAT MAN
William Penn |
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Definition
| -bought land from Indian chief Tammany, made PA, advertised it truthfully, and had a liberal land policy |
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Term
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Definition
| Duke of York handed land over to some nobles, then some Quakers got the land, then the crown combined East and West Jersey |
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Term
| What do the middle colonies have in common? |
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Definition
-bread colonies
-not a lot of waterfalls
-languid rivers-->fur trade
-tolerant
-economic, social democracy |
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Term
| name the "middle colonies" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| first governor of Plymouth |
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