Term
| What were 6 problems facing the nation in making a new Constitutional gov't? |
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Definition
-Two revolutions (Brits, AOC) in 12 years
-Thought central authority was evil (K. George III)
-Gov't had no revenue, just about
-Huge public debt w/ loads of interest
-worthless continentals
-republics up to that point had been doomed to fail |
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Term
| As of 1789, the population of the US was doubling every ___ years |
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Definition
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Term
When was the first official census?
How many people did it record? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the biggest cities in the US in 1989? |
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Definition
Philly
NY
Boston
Charleston
Baltimore |
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Term
| In 1989, the population was still about ___% rural, while __% lived east of the Appalachian mtns |
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Definition
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Term
| T/FL the Appalachian population showed blind patriotism for their independent country that they had fought for. |
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Definition
| FALSUM. Their loyalty was dubious. There were also Spaniards near the MI mouth, and British agents |
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Term
| When did George Washington become president? |
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Definition
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Term
| THIS man commanded by character, not politics |
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Definition
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Term
| Where did GW take the oath of office? |
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Definition
| Balcony overlooking Wall St |
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Term
| Who was the first president to establish a presidential cabinet? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the first president to establish a presidential cabinet, even though it was not in the Constitution? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was in GW's cabinet? (Names AND positions) |
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Definition
T Jefferson - secretary of state
A Hamilton - secretary of treasury
H Knox - secretary of war |
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Term
| What are the two ways in which amendments to the Constitution can be made? |
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Definition
-2/3 vote by the states to hold a constitutional convention
-2/3 vote by 2 houses of congress |
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Term
| When was the Bill of Rights written? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the NINTH amendment state? |
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Definition
| certain rights "shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." |
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Term
| What does the TENTH amendment state? |
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Definition
| Any rights not denied or permitted by the federal government is relinquished back to the states or people |
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Term
| What is the Judiciary Act? When was it made? |
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Definition
Made...
-supreme Court
-chief justice
-five associates
-federal district courts
-circuit courts
-position of attorney general
1789 |
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Term
| Who was the first chief justice of the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was said to "love his adopted country more than his countrymen"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was A Ham's archenemy? |
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Definition
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Term
What was our national debt when A Ham made a case for assumption?
State debt?
Total debt? |
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Definition
54 million
21. 5 mil
75 million |
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Term
| What was Hamilton's case for assuming state debt? |
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Definition
It was incurred while the states fought in the war for independence.
This would also gain the support of the rich |
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Term
| How was Washington D.C. created? |
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Definition
| VA didn't have a very large debt, and therefore did not want to take part in Hamilton's assumption. They instead asked for the new federal district to be built on the Potomac River, uhduh, in VA |
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Term
| What were sources of revenue to pay back nat'l debt? |
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Definition
-tarrifs
-7 cent tax on whiskey
-Bank of US w/ bonds |
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Term
| In order for tariffs to generate $ for Hamilton's plan, what ended up occurring? |
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Definition
-lots of foreign trade
-More manufacturing (helped Industrial Rev) |
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Term
What was the first tariff law of Congress?
How many times was it raised by Congress during Hamilton's plan? |
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Definition
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Term
| What country's bank was the Bank of US modeled after? |
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Definition
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Term
Was the Bank of US public/private?
How much of it did the fed gov't own?
What was it designed to do in terms of currency?
Who liked/dislike this plan? |
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Definition
private
1/5
make badly needed paper money and thus a nat'l currency
North/South |
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Term
| Who were the strict/loose interpreters of the Constitution? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define: the elastic clause |
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Definition
| invoked by Hamilton, allowed Congress to pass any laws "necessary and proper" to carry out powers vested in gov't agencies |
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Term
| How did Hamilton justify his making of the US bank? |
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Definition
-elastic clause of the Constitution
-Gov't supposed to collect taxes and regulate trade
- |
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Term
When the Bank of the US was finally created in 1791, where was it located?
What was its capital?
V/F: people gobbled up stocks |
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Definition
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Term
| Define: Whiskey Rebellion |
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Definition
-1794
-High excise tax angered homespun pioneers
-Whiskey poles cried "Liberty and No Excise"
-GW alarmed by "self-created societies," anxiously called upon states' militias to crush the rebellion
-rebellion quickly faltered, 3 head rebels were pardoned
-"Sledgehammer to crush gnat" |
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Term
| Hamilton's policies actually worked to help our credit so that we could borrow from _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| v/f: at first, permanent political parties seemed like an opposition to the gov't |
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Definition
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Term
| How long since the French Rev started was Europe at war for? |
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Definition
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Term
What did the federalists like or dislike about the French Rev?
The dem-repubs? |
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Definition
disliked violent means of attaining independence, mobocracies
liked fighting a tyrant, extent of own revolution...thought violence was plainly a means of attaining it at all cost |
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Term
| When France hurled back THIS COUNTRY, what type of gov't was made? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define: GW’s neutrality proclamation (5) |
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Definition
-The Franco-American alliance bound us to fight for the West Indies with France
-Jeffersonians, fresh from the exciting french rev, said that we owed the french.
-GW and Hamilton decided to be neutral for a generation
-citizens had to be impartial to both sides
-Jeffersonians were angered that GW did not consult Congress first |
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Term
| Who was the French envoy that illegally sent American troops to Spanish FL, LA, and British Canada? |
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Definition
| Edmond Genet (with a ^ above the second e) |
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Term
| Why would it have not made sense for Americans fight w/ France? |
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Definition
| would have suffered British fleets blockading the coast and cutting off vital supplies needed in the first place |
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Term
| What were factors contributing to John Jay's envoy trip to Britain? (4) |
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Definition
-British did NOT like Neutrality Proclamation
-British had kept settlements against the Treaty of Paris's conditions
-British did not want to give up fur trade
-kept relationships w/ NAs |
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Term
What was the nae of the 8-tribe Indian alliance that the British openly sold arms to?
Who was it led by? |
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Definition
Miami Confederacy
Little Turtle |
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Term
| Who was the general that battled the Miami Confederacy and eventually negotiated a treaty with them? |
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Definition
| General "Mad Anthony" Wayne |
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Term
What Battle held the defeat of the Miami Confederacy?
How did the British react? |
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Definition
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Did not shelter Indians |
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Term
What was the treaty that allied America with the Miami Confederacy called?
What did it entail? |
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Definition
Treaty of Greenville
-Indians had to give up a lot of old northwest territory (a lot of Indiana)
-americans gave lump sum of $20,000, plus an annual annuity of $9,000, plus a right to hunt the ceded lands to the NAs |
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Term
| What was the main event that nearly caused the British and the Americans to enter war with one another? |
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Definition
-British ignored neutrality of American ships, attacked 300
-Jeffersonians were for fighting the British again
-Feds were against destroying Hamiltonian system, recognized Britain as world's mightiest commercial empire. |
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Term
| V/F: John Jay was an anglophile who kissed each cheek of the queen, following custom |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Hamilton sabotage John Jay by telling England of his negotiating techniques? |
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Definition
| Anglophile himself, wanted to avoid war with the English |
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Term
| What came of John Jay's envoy trip in England? (British side) |
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Definition
-British:
-same blank promise to JJ about evacuating chain of posts on US soil
-agreed to pay for damages to ships |
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Term
What came of John Jay's envoy trip in England? (US side)
What was the reaction? |
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Definition
US:
-pay debts owed to British merchants on pre-Revolutionary accounts
-Jeffersonians did not like surrender
-Southern planters did not like paying debts while merchants received compensation for damage |
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Term
| What did GW's farewell address warn of? |
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Definition
| political parties and permanent alliances |
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Term
| Why was Hamilton not in the running to be the Federalist candidate for president? |
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Definition
| Fiscal policies that benefited speculators |
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Term
Who was the Federalist candidate for president after GW left office?
Democrat-Republicans? |
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Definition
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson |
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Term
| What was John Adams doing during GW's presidency? |
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Definition
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Term
| What region helped John Adams win the presidency by a narrow margin? |
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Definition
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Term
| V/F: With help from Hamilton, Adams' cabinet was constantly conspiring against him |
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Definition
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Term
What was Pinckney's Treaty?
What caused it? |
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Definition
October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. It also defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies and guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River.
Pro-Brtisih treaty |
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