Term
| What did the progressives fight against mainly? |
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Definition
*Monopoly
*Corruption
*Inefficiency
*Social Injustice |
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Term
| What did the Progressives believe in? |
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Definition
*Strengthening the State
*Using Government as an agency of human wellfare |
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Term
| Which previous parties led up to the Progressives? |
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Definition
*Greenback Labor Party
*Populists |
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Term
Who were:
*Henry Demarst Lloyd
*Eccentric Thorstein Veblin
*Jacob A. Riis
*Theodore Dreiser |
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Definition
*Authors who led the populist movement who wrote:
- "Wealth Against Commonwealth" (Attack on Standard Oil)
- "Theory of Leisure Class" (Attack on rich businessmen and women)
- "How the Other Half Lives" (Displayed the slum lifestyle to the middle class)
- "The Financier" & "The Titan" (Novels attacking the upper class) |
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Term
Who were:
*Jane Adams
*Lillian Wald
*Flourence Kelly |
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Definition
*Women who promoted the women's suffrage movement
*Jane Adams - Hull House
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*1st state of IL factory inspector |
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Term
Who were:
*Ida Tarbell
*Thomas W. Lawson
*David G. Phillips
*Ray Stannard Baker
*John Spargo |
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Definition
A muckraker who wrote an expose about
*the oil giant Standard Oil
*the practices of stock market traders
*the senators who represented the railroads as opposed to the people
*that said 1/3 of black children in the south were illiterate - ("Following the Color Line")
*the abuses of child labor - ("The Bitter Cry of the Children") |
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Term
| What were the objectives of the progressive movement? |
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Definition
*Regain power to the people as opposed to the interests of big businesses.
*Rooting out graft |
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Term
| What were some progressive laws that were passed? |
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Definition
*Initiative - voters could propose legislation
*Referendum- laws would have to be finally voted in by the people
*Recall - voters could throw out faithless elected officials
*Corrupt-practices acts - limited amount of money candidates could spend on campaign, restricted large donations from corporations
*Secret Australian Ballot - Others could not see what vote a certain person casted
*17th Ammend - direct election of U.S. Senators
*19th Ammend - women's right to vote |
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Term
| What did the progressives fight at city level? |
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Definition
*Expert-staffed commissions or city-managers to keep a city working efficiently
*People who were brought under fire:
-Slumlords
-Juvenile delinquents
-Prostitutes
-the corrupt sale of franchises for streetcars and public utilities |
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Term
| What did the progressives fight at the state level? |
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Definition
*Large Corporations
*Monopolies
*Railroad Interests
*Regulated public utilities |
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Term
| Who were some important progressive governors and where were they from? |
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Definition
*Robert M. La Follette - Wisconsin
*Hiram W. Johnson - California
Charles Evan Hughes - New York |
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Term
| What did women progressives fight? |
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Definition
*keeping children out of mills and sweatshops
*scourge and tuberculosis
*pensions for mothers
*safe food products |
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Term
| What were some important women's progressive organizations? |
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Definition
*General Federation of Women's Clubs
*Women's Trade Union League
*National Consumer's League
*Children's Bureau
*Women's Bureau
*Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) - Frances E. Willard |
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Term
What were the following cases about?
"Muller vs. Oregon"
"Lochner vs. New York" |
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Definition
*Louis D. Bradeis persuaded Supreme Court to protect women who worked in factories
*Invalidated a New York law which had established a ten hour work day for bakers |
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Term
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Definition
*Founded by Frances E. Willard
*Anti-saloon league
*The largest organization of women in the world
*Aggressive, well organized, well financed |
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Term
| What was TR's Square Deal? |
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Definition
*A fair dealing of the cards for capital, labor, and the public at large
*Three C's
-Control of Corporations
-Consumer Protection
-Conservation of Natural Resources |
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Term
| What was the Anthracite Coal Mines Incident? |
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Definition
*mine workers went on strike for higher pay and shorter work hours
*Mine owners didn't comply
*TR called reps of the miners and factory owners to the white house
*TR threatens that he will seize the mines if the owners don't get them to work again |
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Term
What were the following acts about:
*Elkins Act
*Hepburn Act |
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Definition
*Fines for railroads that offered rebates to companies
*Free passes caused by bribery were restricted |
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Term
| What was Northern Securities? |
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Definition
*A railroad holding company created by J.P. Morgan and James J. Hill
*TR considered it to be a "bad" trust
*The supreme court decided to dissolve the company
*This case brandished TR as a trustbuster |
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Term
| What was the point of all the trust bashing that TR did? |
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Definition
*It was to symbolize that big businesses did not control the people; the govt did.
*It was to tame the large corporations, not destroy them
*TR believed that some trusts were even good. |
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Term
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Definition
*The author of "The Jungle"; a book written to show the horrible working conditions of the meatpacking industry.
*He aimed for the nation's hearts but hit it in the mouth |
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Term
| What were some of the results of "The Jungle"? |
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Definition
*Meat inspectors were created to see the horrible quality of the packing houses
*The Meat Inspection Act was passed
*The Pure Food and Drug Act was passed |
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Term
| What was the Desert Land Act? |
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Definition
| *A law where the govt sold arid land cheaply as long as the buyer could irrigate the ground in three years. |
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Term
| What was the Forrest Reserve Act? |
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Definition
*A law where the president could set aside land as national forests and reserves.
*46 million acres were rescued due to this law |
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Term
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Definition
| *A law where the govt would give land out to states as long as the soil was irrigated and settled |
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Term
| What was the Newlands Act? |
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Definition
| *The govt was given the right to collect money from the sale of public lands to use for irrigation projects in the west. |
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Term
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Definition
*The head of the Division of forestry
*A very important leader for the conservation of land |
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Term
| What were some important organizations that popped up after TR's preservation of national land? |
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Definition
*Boy Scouts of America
*Sierra Club (dedicated to preserving forests)
*Forest Service
*Bureau of Reclamation |
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Term
| What is the Aldrich-Vreeland Act? |
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Definition
*A law which allowed the national govt to issue money to banks in emergencies.
*This would eventually lead to the Federal Reserve Act. |
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Term
| Who were the nominees of the 1908 election? |
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Definition
*Republican William Howard Taft
*Democrat William Jennings Bryan |
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Term
| What was the Manchuria Incident? |
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Definition
*A series of railroads in China which were monopolized by Russia and Japan.
*Taft wanted to buy out the railroads as to provide favor from China to America
*Russia and Japan declined. |
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Term
| What was the Payne-Aldrich Bill? |
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Definition
*A bill that raised tariffs prices
*This bill was the opposite of what he said he would do (reduce tariffs)
*He claimed the bill to be the best bill that the Republican party ever passed. Which it wasn't |
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Term
| What were some conservational accomplishment of Taft? |
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Definition
*Bureau of Mines (saved large areas of land from mining)
*Protected water-power sites from private development |
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Term
| What was the Ballinger-Pinchot Incident? |
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Definition
*Richard Ballinger opened large areas of land up to corporate development
*Giffort Picot criticized Ballinger for what he did
*Taft ignored Picot on the grounds of insobordination |
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