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1935- Upon the outbreak of war, all American exports would be embargoed for 6 months.
1936- Gave the president the authority to determine when a state of war existed and prohibited loans to belligerents.
1937- Gave the president the authority to determine whether a civil war was a threat to world peace and prohibited arms sales to belligerents. |
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| A series of military tribunals, held by the main victorious forces of WWII, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of the defeated Nazi Germany. |
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| A British politician who served as Prime Minister of the UK from 1937-1940. Best known for his appeasement foreign policy, and in particular for his signing of the Munich Agreement in 1938, conceding the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia to Nazi Germany. Led Britain through the first 9 months of WWII. |
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| A book by Adolph Hitler. It combines elements of autobiography with an exposition of Hitler's political ideology. |
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| Called Nazism, led by Adolf Hitler. Supported by some contemporary political groups. Often considered by scholars to be a form of fascism. Key elements include anti-parliamentarism, racism, collectivism, social Darwinism, eugenics, antisemitism, anti-communism, totalitarianism, and oposition to economic and political liberalism. |
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| Military general, dictator and head of state of Spain, and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947-1975. |
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| Loyal to the government (the republic) during the Spanish civil war of 1936-1939. Elections had returned a mix of parties to the Cortes (legislature) that were mostly leftists: communists, socialists, anarchists. Several Americans and English went to Spain to help fight as volunteers. |
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| Night of Broken Glass was an anti-jewish pogrom or riot in Nazi Germany and Austria. It is viewed by many historians as the beginning of the Final Solution, leading towards the genocide of the Holocaust. |
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| Policy of the administration of President FDR toward the countries of Latin America. Aimed toward other neighboring countries stating that America wished to have primary influence in Latin America. |
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| Program under which the U.S. supplied the UK, Soviet Union, China, France and other allied natiosn with vast amounts of war material between 1941 and 1945 in return fro military bases inside their countries for example Newfoundland, Bermuda, and British West Indies. |
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| A cultural icon of the U.S. representing the American women who worked in war factories during WWII. Many of whom worked int eh manufacturing plants that produced munitions and material. These women sometimes took entirely new jobs replacing the male workers who were in the military. Considered a feminist icon in the U.S. |
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| Allowed the sale of material to belligerents as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using thier own ships and paid immediately in cash. Purpose was to hold neutrality between the U.S. and European countries, while still giving material aid to Britain. |
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| Published statement agreed between the UK and USA. Intended as a blueprint for the world after WWII and turned out to be the foundation for many of the international treaties and organizations that currently shape the world. |
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| Manhattan Engineering District |
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| Project's roots lay in scientists' fears since the 1930's that Nazi Germany was also investigating nuclear weapons of its own. Born out of a small research program, eventually employed more than 130,000 people and cost nnearly $2 Billion. Resulted in the creation of multiple production and research sites that operated in secret. |
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| Office of War Information |
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| Government agency created during WWII to consolidate government information services. It coordinated the release of war news for domestic use and, using posters and radio broadcasts, worked to promote patriotism, warned about foreign spies and attempted to recruit women into war work. |
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| Congress of Racial Equality |
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| Civil rights organization that originally played a pivotal role for African-Americans in the Civil Rights Movement. Membership in CORE is still stated to be open to "anyone who believes that all people are created equal and is willing to work towards the ultimate goal of true equality throughout the world." |
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| Prominent 20th century African-American civil rights leader and the founder fo both the March on Washington Movement and the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, a landmark for labor and particularly African-American labor organizing. |
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| Fought over the winter months of 1944-1945, was the last major Nazi offensive against the Allies in WWII. The battle was a last ditch attempt by Hitler to split the Allies in two in their drive towards Germany and destroy their ability to supply themselves. |
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| Wartime meeting of the heads of government of the US, UK, and the Soviet Union. President FDR, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and General Secretary Joseph Stalin, for the purpose of discussing Europe's postwar reorganization. Mainly, it was intended to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe. |
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| American statesman, who served as Secretary of War, Secretary of State, and Governer-General of the Philippines. A conservative Republican, he is best known for managing the U.S. military as Secretary of War during WWII. |
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| A corporate lawyer in the U.S and was the dark horse Republican Party nominee for the 1940 presidential election, where he crusaded against the inefficiency and anti-business policies of the New Deal. |
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| American statesman from South Carolina. Served in the House of Reps. Senator and Justice of the Supreme Court as well as Secretary of State and 104th Governor of South Carolina. Confidant of President FDR and was one of the most powerful men in American domestic and foreign policy in the mid-1940s. |
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| Signed in Berlin, Germany, established the Axis Powers of WWII. Signed by the representatives of Germany (Hitler), Italy (foreign minister Galeazzo Ciano) and Japan (ambassador Saburo Kurusu). |
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| Committee to Defend America First |
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| Advocated American military material support for Britain as the best way to keep the U.S. out of the conflict then raging in Europe. Supported the Lend-Lease Act, they opposed the various Neutrality Acts of the late 1930's and sought their revision or repeal. |
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| The foremost non-interventionist pressure group against the American entry into WWII. Peaking at 800,000 members, it was likely the largest anti-war organization in American History. Started in 1940, it became defunct after the attack on Pearl Harbor. |
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| Introduced at the annual Nazi Party rally in Nuremberg. The laws classified people as German if all four of their grandparents were of "german or kindred blood", while poeple were classified as Jews if they descended from three or four Jewish grandparents. Deprived Jews of citizenship and prohibited marraige between Jews and other Germans. |
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