Term
|
Definition
Rhomboideus Major:
Action: Retracts scapula, braces shoulder, fixes scapula during arm movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rhomboideus Minor:
Action: Retracts scapula, braces shoulder, fixes scapula during arm movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Levator Scapulae;
Action: Elevates scapula with fixed cervical vertebrae, lateral neck flexion with fixed scapula, retracts and braces shoulder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Trapezius:
Action: Stabilizes scapula and shoulder during arm movement, elevates and depresses shoulder, rotates and retracts scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pectoralis Minor:
Origin: Ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Action:
- With serratus anterior: Draws scapula forward and laterally around chest
- With others: Rotates scapula, depresses apex of shoulder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Serratus Anterior:
Action:
- With pectoralis minor: Sraws scapula forward and laterally around chest wall
- Protracts scapula
- Prime mover in forward-reaching and pushing actions
_ Fixes scapula during arm abduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deltoid:
Origin: Acromion and spine of scapula, lateral part of clavicle
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity on humerus
Action: Flex, rotate, abduct and extend the arm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Supraspinatus (Rotator Cuff):
Action: Aids deltoid in arm abduction, supports humeral head when carrying weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infraspinatus (Rotator Cuff): Action: Modulates action of deltoid, laterally rotates humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Teres Minor (Rotator Cuff):
Action: Modulates action of deltoid, laterally rotates arm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subscapularis (Rotator Cuff): Modulates action of deltoid, medially rotates humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coracobrachialis:
Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Medial humeral shaft
Action: Flexes and medially rotates arm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Brachialis:
Origin: Anterior, distal humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process
Action: Prime mover of elbow flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biceps Brachii:
Origin:
- Long Head: Glenoid cavity
- Short Head: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity, fascia of forearm
Action: Synergist of elbow flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Triceps Brachii:
Origin:
- Long Head: Glenoid cavity
- Medial Head: Distal humerus
- Lateral Head: Proximal humerus
Insertion: Olecranon, fascia of forearm
Action: Antagonist of elbow flexion, extends elbow, long head adducts humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pectoralis Major:
Origin: Medial clavicle, lateral sternum
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Action: Flexes, adducts, medially rotates humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Latissimus Dorsi:
Action: Adducts and medially rotates humerus, moves arm posteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Teres Major:
Action: Extends and medially rotates humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pronator Teres: Action: Assists pronator quadratus in pronation (only rapid or forceful), weak elbow flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexor Carpi Radialis:
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of metacarpals II-III
Action: Anterior wrist flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Palmaris Longus:
Action: Anchors skin and fascia of palm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris:
Action: Anterior wrist flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis:
Action: Flexes wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexor Digitorum Profundus:
Action: Flexes wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexor Pollicis Longus:
Action: Flexes phalanges of thumb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pronator Quadratus:
Action: Prime mover of forearm pronation, resists separation of radius and ulna when force is applied |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Brachioradialis:
Action: Flexes elbow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus:
Action: Radially extends wrist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis: Action: Radially extends wrist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor Digitorum:
Action: Extends wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris:
Action: Extends and fixes grip when hand is clenched or gripping |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Supinator:
Action: Supinates forearm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anconeus:
Action: Helps extend elbow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abductor Pollicis Longus:
Action: Abducts thumb in palmar plane at carpometacarpal joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor Pollicis Brevis:
Action: Extends metacarpal I and proximal phalanx of thumb posteriorly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extensor Pollicis Longus: Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb, aids in extending phalanx I and metacarpal I |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gluteus Minimus:
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh, helps shift weight on trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gluteus Medius:
Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh, helps shift weight on trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gluteus Maximus:
Action: Abducts thigh, extends thigh at hip, stabilizes femur on tibia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tensor Fascia Latae:
Insertion: IT band
Action: Extends knee, laterally rotates tibia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Psoas Major (Iliopsoas):
Action: Thigh flexion at hip, lateral rotation of thigh, lateral flexion of trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Iliacus (Iliopsoas):
Action: Thigh flexion at hip, lateral rotation of thigh, lateral flexion of trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pectineus:
Action: Flexes and adducts thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adductor Longus:
Action: Flexes, adducts and medially rotates thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adductor Brevis:
Action: Adducts thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adductor Magnus:
Action: Extends, adducts and medially rotates thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gracilis:
Action: Flexes and medially rotates tibia at knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vastus Intermedius (Quadriceps):
Origin:Anterior and lateral femoral shaft
Insertion: Patella, lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vastus Lateralis (Quadriceps): Origin: Femur at greater trochanter and intertrochanteric line, gluteal tuberosity and linea aspera Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral and medial condyles of tibia Action: Extends knee, Fixes patella during knee movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vastus Medialis (Quadriceps):
Origin: Femur and spiral line, linea aspera and medial supracondylar line
Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee, fixes patella during knee movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rectus Femoris (Quadriceps):
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Patella, tibial tuberosity, lateral and medial condyles of tibia
Action: Extends knee, flexes thigh at hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sartorius:
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Medial and proximal tibia
Action: Knee and hip flexion, adducts and laterally rotates thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Biceps Femoris (Hamstrings):
Origin:
- Long Head: Ischial tuberosity
- Short Head: Linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: Head of fibula
Action: Flexes knee, extends hip
Insertion:
Action: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Semimembranosus (Hamstrings):
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
Action: Flexes knee, with tibia fixed medially rotates tibia on femur, with hip extended medially rotates femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Semitendinosus (Hamstrings):
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial and upper tibia
Action: Flexes knee, with tibia fixed medially rotates tibia on femur, with hip extended medially rotates femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tibialis Anterior:
Origin: Lateral condyle and lateral proximal tibia
Insertio: Middle cuneiform, metatarsal I
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot, resists backward tipping |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor Digitorum Longus:
Action: Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extensor Hallucis Longus:
Action: Extends big toe, dorsiflexes foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus and Brevis:
Action: Everts and plantar flexes foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soleus:
Origin: Posterior head of fibula, proximal tibia
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexes foot, steadies leg on ankle during standing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gastrocnemius:
Origin: Condyles, popliteal surface, lateral supracondylar line of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flex foot and flexes knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
