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Apologia Biology Module 5 terms
Terms and definitions for Module 5 of Apologia Biology
25
Biology
10th Grade
10/21/2011

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Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
Model
Definition
An explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen
Term
Element
Definition
A collection of atoms that have the same number of protons
Term
Molecules
Definition
Chemicals that result from atoms linking together
Term
Physical change
Definition
A change in the appearance of a substance that does not affect the chemical makeup
Term
Chemical change
Definition
A change in the chemical makeup of a substance
Term
Phase
Definition
One of three phases - solid, liquid, gas - that all substances can attain
Term
Diffusion
Definition
The random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Term
Concentration
Definition
A measurement of how much solute exists in a certain volume of solvent
Term
Semipermeable membrane
Definition
A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but doesn't allow other molecules to pass through
Term
Osmosis
Definition
The tendency of a substance to travel through a semipermeable membrane into an area of higher concentration
Term
Catalyst
Definition
A chemical that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process
Term
Organic molecule
Definition
A molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or phosphorous
Term
Biosynthesis
Definition
The process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones
Term
Isomers
Definition
Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
Term
Monosaccharides
Definition
Simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms
Term
Disaccharides
Definition
Carbohydrates that made up of 2 monosaccharides
Term
Polysaccharides
Definition
Carbohydrates that are made up of more than 2 monosaccharides
Term
Dehydration reaction
Definition
A chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water
Term
Hydrolysis
Definition
Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
Term
Hydrophobic
Definition
Lacking any affinity to water
Term
Saturated fat
Definition
A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms
Term
Unsaturated fat
Definition
A lipid made from fatty acids that has at least one double bond carbon atom
Term
Peptide bond
Definition
A bond that links amino acids together in a protein
Term
Hydrogen bond
Definition
A strong attraction between hydrogen atoms and certain other atoms in specific molecules
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