Term
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Definition
| increase in the percentage and the number of people living in an urban settlement |
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Term
| MSA (Metropolitan Statistical Area) |
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Definition
- An urbanized area with a population of at least 50,000
- The county within the city is located
- Adjacent countries with a high population density and a large percent of residents working in the central city's county |
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Definition
A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within the boundaries
*This is illegal, however it can be difficult at times to enforce so families can lose out on borrowing money to upgrade their homes |
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Definition
| real estate agents convince Caucasian property owners to sell their houses at lower prices because of fear that minority families will someday move into the neighborhood |
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Definition
the process of wealthy people moving into inner-city neighborhoods
- attracts middle-class who work downtown and eliminate commuting and traffic
- others want to benefit from being close to restaurants, museums, and other activities that a downtown city can offer
- Laws have been instituted in the Us and some Western European states which say that low-incoming families that leave the former low-income area must be compensated by having moving expenses paid for and receive reimbursement for rent increases for four years
- Flippers will buy old buildings, fix them up and quickly turn around and sell them in hopes of making a fast profit
Examples:
NYC: Greenwich Village, SOHO, Williamsburg
Washington DC: Georgetown, Adams-Morgan
Chicago: Wrigleyville, Hyde Park
Los Angeles: West Hollywood, Silver Lake
Salt Lake City: Sugarhouse, the Avenues-Federal Hill |
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Definition
| People who will buy old buildings, fix them up and quickly turn around and sell them in hopes of making a fast profit |
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Term
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Definition
legally adding land area to a city in the United States
-cities used to be able to expand by annexing peripheral land, however now the peripheral land about to be taken over gets to vote whether to join the city or not
-during the 19th century, annexing was often bc of how cities offered a lot of service like police, public transportation, sewage services, etc.
-today, peripheral regions don't want to pay city taxes and would rather organize their own services |
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Term
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Definition
| process where many inner-city areas become more dilapidated areas of poverty as affluent groups move out to the suburbs and immigrants and minority groups vie(strive/compete) for scarce opportunities |
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Term
| CBD (Central Business District) |
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Definition
CBD: area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered
- usually one of the oldest districts or origin of settlement
- doesn't consist a lot of land area but contains high percentage of infrastructure, buildings, retail, etc.
- attractive because of its accessibility (it's in the center and is easiest to reach from the rest of it's region, usually the focal point of transportation network) |
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Definition
| two or more nearby cities, potentially or actually complementary in function, that cooperate by developing transportation links and communications infrastructure joining them |
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Definition
| inner city or suburban residents move to rural areas to escape congestion, crime, pollution, etc. of the urban landscape |
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Definition
a city which is greater than two times the population of the next largest city in the country; due to this dominance, the primate city usually receives a large majority of the country's economic development and investment
Examples: Seoul(Korea), Bangkok(Thailand), Manila(Philippines), Sydney(Australia), Cairo(Egypt), Algiers(Algeria), Amman(Jordan), Belrut(Lebanon), Mexico City(Mexico), Buenos Aires(Argentina), Lima(Peru), Santiago(Chile), Paris(France), Lisbon(Portugal), Vienna(Austria), Warsaw(Poland), Dakar(Senegal), Kinshasa(Dem. Rep. of Congo), Nairobi(Kenya), Luanda(Angola) |
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Term
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Definition
-1850 = 6%
-1900 = 14%
-1950 = 30%
-2000 = 47%
-2012: Population Reference Bureau set the world's population at 51%
-In MDCs about 3/4 of the people live in urban areas vs. 2/5 in LDCs
-Exception in Latin America, urban percentage of 78% is comparable to MDCs |
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Term
| Nearly all countries have these two things in common |
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Definition
-the proportion of people living in cities is rising
-cities are large and growing |
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Term
| Two Components Need In Order To Develop Cities |
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Definition
-Have an economy base, generating income necessary to support themselves and population
-Internal arrangement of land uses, social groups, and economic functions. These arrangements may be partially planned and controlled and partially determined by individual decisions and market forces. |
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Definition
| A functionally specialized segment of a large urban complex located outside the boundaries of the central city; usually, a relatively homogeneous residential community, separately incorporated and administered |
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Term
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Definition
| An observed regularity in the city-size distribution of some counties. In a rank-size hierarchy, the population of any give town will be inversely proportional to its tank in the hierarchy; that is, the nth-ranked city will be 1/n the size of the largest city |
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Term
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Definition
Site: refers to the exact terrain features associated with the city, as well as, less usefully, to its absolute (global grid) location.
Site is connected with special placement circumstances.
-Break-of-bulk locations such as river crossing points where cargoes and people must interrupt a journey.
-Head-of-navigation or bay head location where the limits of water transportation are reached
-railhead locations where the railroad ended |
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Term
| Situation in Urbanization |
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Definition
Situation: relative location that places a settlement in relation to the physical and cultural characteristics of surrounding areas
Knowing what settlements and activities in an area exist are important, such as the distribution raw materials, market areas, agricultural regions, mountains and oceans.
Situation is more nearly unique to each settlement and does not lend itself to easy generalization. |
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Term
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Definition
The larger and more economically and socially complex cities are, the stronger is the tendency for their residents to segregate themselves into groups based on social status, family status, and ethnicity.
People group accordingly:
-income, education, occupation, and home value -> social status
-stages in the life cycle -> family status.
The trend is that as the distance from the city center increases, the average age of the adult residents declines, or the size of their family increases, or both.
-language or race -> ethnic characteristics |
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