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| The clay used to make a kind of sun-dried mud brick of the same name; a building made of such brick |
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| An object worn to ward off evil or to aid the wearer. |
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| Carefully cut and regularly shaped blocks of stone used in construction, fitted together without mortar. |
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| A male figure that functions as a supporting column. See also caryatid. |
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| A pyramidal stone; a fetish of the Egyptian god Re. |
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| In ancient Egyptian sculpture, a cubic stone image with simplified body parts. |
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| A rule, for example, of proportion. The ancient Greeks considered beauty to be a matter of “correct” proportion and sought a canon of proportion, for the human figure and for buildings |
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| In ancient Egypt, the container in which the organs of the deceased were placed for later burial with the mummy. |
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| The uppermost member of a column, serving as a transition from the shaft to the lintel. In classical architecture, the form of the capital varies with the order. |
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| A female figure that functions as a supporting column. See also atlantid. |
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| The surface formed by cutting off a corner of a board or post; a bevel. |
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| The fenestrated part of a building that rises above the roofs of the other parts. In Roman basilicas and medieval churches, the windows that form the nave’s uppermost level below the timber ceiling or the vaults. |
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| A series or row of columns, usually spanned by lintels. |
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| A half-round column attached to a wall. See also pilaster. |
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| Vertical channeling, roughly semicircular in cross-section and used principally on columns and pilasters. |
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| Painting on lime plaster, either dry (dry fresco or fresco secco) or wet (true or buon fresco). In the latter method, the pigments are mixed with water and become chemically bound to the freshly laid lime plaster. Also, a painting executed in either method |
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| A system of writing using symbols or pictures. |
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| A hall with a roof supported by columns. |
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| He was the world's first named architect who built Egypt's first pyramid, is often recognized as the world's first doctor, a priest,. scribe, sage, poet, astrologer, and a vizier and chief minister, though this role is unclear, to Djoser (reigned 2630–2611 BC), the second king of Egypt's third dynasty. He may have lived under as many as four kings. An inscription on one of that kings statues gives us Imhotep's titles as the "chancellor of the king of lower Egypt", the "first one under the king", the "administrator of the great mansion", the "hereditary Noble", the "high priest of Heliopolis", the "chief sculptor", and finally the "chief carpenter". |
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| A stone with the shape of a truncated, inverted pyramid, placed between a capital and the arch that springs from it. |
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| In ancient Egypt, the immortal human life force. |
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| Arabic, “bench.” An ancient Egyptian rectangular brick or stone structure with sloping sides erected over a subterranean tomb chamber connected with the outside by a shaft. |
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| A technique used by ancient Egyptians to preserve human bodies so that they may serve as the eternal home of the immortal ka. |
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| Greek, “city of the dead”; a large burial area or cemetery. |
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| In ancient Egypt, the linen headdress worn by the pharaoh, with the uraeus cobra of kingship on the front. |
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| In ancient Egypt, a slate slab used for preparing makeup. A thin board with a thumb hole at one end on which an artist lays and mixes colors; any surface so used. Also, the colors or kinds of colors characteristically used by an artist. |
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| A plant native to Egypt and adjacent lands used to make paperlike writing material; also, the material or any writing on it. |
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| An abstract idea represented in bodily form. |
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| A picture, usually stylized, that represents an idea; also, writing using such means; also painting on rock. See also hieroglyphic. |
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| A vertical, freestanding masonry support. |
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| A roofed colonnade; also an entrance porch. |
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| The simple and massive gateway, with sloping walls, of an Egyptian temple. |
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| A movement that emerged in mid- 19th-century France. Realist artists represented the subject matter of everyday life (especially that which up until then had been considered inappropriate for depiction) in a relatively naturalistic mode. |
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| sarcophagus (pl. sarcophagi) |
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| Latin, “consumer of flesh.” A coffin, usually of stone. |
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| A small concealed chamber in an Egyptian mastaba for the statue of the deceased. |
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| A mythical Egyptian beast with the body of a lion and the head of a human. |
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| ( fl c. 1340 BC). Egyptian sculptor. Thutmose’s official title was ‘overseer of works’ and, like his contemporary BEK, he is one of the very few Egyptian artists with whom specific works of art can be associated. His name and titles occur in a single inscription (on a horse’s blinker), found on the site of an extensive estate, comprising various ateliers and quarters for craftsmen as well as the owner’s house, at EL-AMARNA, the capital city of Akhenaten (reg c. 1353–c. 1336 BC). Thutmose’s ownership of a blinker implies that he possessed horses and a chariot, items commensurate with a social status considerably higher than usually presumed for Egyptian craftsmen. |
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| In ancient Egypt, a figurine placed in a tomb to act as a servant to the deceased in the afterlife. |
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