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AP
Organization of the Human Body
60
Anatomy
Graduate
04/11/2011

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
The science of stucture and the relationships among structures
Term
Physiology
Definition
The science of body functions
Term
What are the six levels of organization from smalles to largest?
Definition
Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System  Oranismal
Term
What is the smallest unit of matter?
Definition
Atom
Term
What is two or more atoms joined together?
Definition
Molecule
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
Carries oxygen in the blood
Term
Cell
Definition
Basic structural and functional untis of an organism. Smallest living unit in the body. 
Term
Tissues
Definition
Groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function. 
Term
Four basic types of tissue in the body?
Definition
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous
Term
Organ
Definition
Composed of two or more types of tissues and have specific functions. 
Term
System
Definition
Consists of related organs that have a common function.
Term
Metabolism
Definition
The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body. 
Term
Responsiveness
Definition
The body's ability to detect and react to changes in its internal or external environment. 
Term
Movement
Definition
includes motion of whole body, individual organs, single cells, and even tiny organelles inside the cell. 
Term
Growth
Definition
Increase in body size. 
Term
Differentiation
Definition
Process whereby unspecialized cells become specialized cells. 
Term
Reproduction
Definition
The formation of new cells for growth, repair, or replacement OR The production of a new individual. 
Term
Six important life processes of the human body?
Definition
Metabolism, Movement, Responsivness, Growth, Differentiation, Reproduction 
Term
Homestasis
Definition
The maintenance of relatively stable conditions
Term
Interstitial fluid
Definition
fluid surrounding body cells
Term
Feedback System
Definition
A cylce of events in which a condition in the body is continually monitores, evaluated, changes, remonitred, reevaluated... etc.
Term
Stimulus
Definition
Any disruption that causes a change in a controlled stimulus. 
Term
Receptor
Definition
A body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition. Send information to a control center.  
Term
Control Center
Definition
Evaluates the imput it receives from receptors and generates output commands
Term
Effector
Definition
Body structure that recieves output from the control center and produces a response. 
Term
Negative Feedback System
Definition
Reverses a change in a controlled condition.
Term
Positive Feedback System
Definition
Enhances a change in a conrolled condition. 
Term
Disorder
Definition
Any abnormality of structur and/or function.
Term
Disease
Definition
A more specific term for an illnes characterized by recognizable signs and symptoms. 
Term
Signs
Definition
Objective changes that can be observed
Term
Symptoms
Definition
Subjective changes in body functions that can not be observed. (Patient saying)
Term
SOAP
Definition
Subjective, Objective, Action, Plan
Term
Prone
Definition
Lying face down
Term
Supine
Definition
Lying face up
Term
Superior
Definition
Toward the head, or upper part of a structure
Term
Inferior
Definition
Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure
Term
Anterior
Definition
Nearer to or at the front of the body
Term
Posterior
Definition
Nearer to or at the back of the body
Term
Medial
Definition
Nearer to the midline or midsagittal plane
Term
Lateral
Definition
Farther from the midline or midsagittal
Term
Intermediate
Definition
Between two structures
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
On the same side of the body as another structure
Term
Contralateral
Definition
On the opposite side of the body from another structure
Term
Proximal
Definition
Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the point of origin or beginning
Term
Distal
Definition
Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the point of origin or the beginning
Term
Superficial
Definition
Toward or on the surface of the body
Term
Deep
Definition
Away from the surfae of the body
Term
Parasagittal Plane
Definition
Divides body into unequal vertical right and left sides 
Term
Midsagittal Plane
Definition
Divides the body into equal vertical left and right
Term
Frontal Plane
Definition
Divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior portions
Term
Transverse Plane
Definition
Divides the body or organ into superior and inferior portions
Term
Oblique Plane
Definition
Passes through the body or organ at an angle 
Term
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Definition
[image]
Term
Radiograph
Definition
X-ray
Term
Epidemiology
Definition
Science tha deals with why, when, how, and where diseases occur.
Term
Geriatrics
Definition
The science that deals with the medical problems and care of elderly persons
Term
Pathology
Definition
Study of diseases
Term
Pharmacology
Definition
Science of drugs
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