Term
| Early agriculture in the Americas began around... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Agriculture in the Eastern Hemisphere began around... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| slash-and-burn cultivation |
|
Definition
| Was an agricultural method that involved slashing the bark on trees and later burning the dead ones. The resulting |
|
|
Term
| The Renaissance began where? |
|
Definition
| In the city-states of northern Italy, which then gradually spread to the states of northern Europe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Was characterizd by a more intense religious devotion than the Italian Renaissance. |
|
|
Term
| In 1517, the Roman Catholic Church authorized the sale of.....in order to finance the restoration of St.Peter's Basilica in Rome |
|
Definition
| indulgences, which were documents that granted the purchaser the forgiveness of sins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Statements for debate which were nailed to the door of Castle Church in Wittenburg in present-day Germany by a German priest and former monk named Martin Luther. |
|
|
Term
| How did Martin Luther's ideas spread so wildly throughout Europe? |
|
Definition
| As a result of the introduction of movable type, an adaptation of Chinese printing technology, Johanenes Gutenburg in the mid-fifteenth century. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gained popularity b/c of its religious teaching and becauase of the political climate in Europe in the sixteenth century. Nationalism was spreading in Europe, including the German states which were part of the Holy Roman Empire. Many Germans resented the authority of the pope and welcomed Protestantism this reason and b/c it benefitted commercial and money making ventures better than Roman Catholicism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protestantism benefitted commercial and money making ventures in the early modern period. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Was a factor in the second Protestant Reformation b/c he broke with the Roman Catholic Church over the pope's refusal to annul his first marriage, which had not produced a male heir. Under Henry's daughter Elizabeth I, England offically recognized Protestantism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Protestant who preached the concept of predestination, which held that God had predetermined those people who would be saved. Calvinism spread not only through much of western and northern Europe but also to North America through the migrations of the Puritans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A church assembly, the Council of Trent, abonded the sale of indulgences, but preserved traditional Roman Catholic beliefs and practices. A new religious order, the Jesuits, or Society of Jesus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was organized to serve as the missionary and educational arm of the Church. The Jesuits engaged widely in missionary work in the Americas and in Asia, taking both Christianity and the knowledge of European culture and technology to those continents |
|
|
Term
| Results of Protestant Reformation |
|
Definition
- Increased European questioning of political authority.
- Strengthened the authority of monarchs as papal power decreased.
- Encouraged education as Protestants wanted their children to be able to read the Bible
- Improved the status of women within marriage as religious writers encouraged love between husband and wife.
- Created new Protestant churches
|
|
|
