Term
|
Definition
| an Ohio resident of the Copperhead faction of anti-war, pro-Confederate Democrats during the American Civil War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the 17th President of the United States (1865–1869). Following the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, Johnson presided over the Reconstruction era of the United States in the four years after the American Civil War. His tenure was controversial as his positions favoring the white South came under heavy political attack from Republicans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an American stage actor who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre, in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a career United States Army officer and combat engineer. He became the commanding general of the Confederate army in the American Civil War and a postwar icon of the South's "lost cause." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He is best known for having commanded the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the 18th President of the United States (1869–1877) as well as military commander during the Civil War and post-war Reconstruction periods. Under Grant's command, the Union Army defeated the Confederate military and ended the Confederate States of America. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organized the famous Army of the Potomac and served briefly (November 1861 to March 1862) as the general-in-chief of the Union Army. Early in the war, McClellan played an important role in raising a well-trained and organized army for the Union. ability to challenge aggressive opponents in a fast-moving battlefield environment. He chronically overestimated the strength of enemy units and was reluctant to apply principles of mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an American soldier, businessman, educator and author. He served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65), for which he received recognition for his outstanding command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the "scorched earth" policies that he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a career United States Army officer and civil engineer involved in coastal construction, including several lighthouses. During the American Civil War he served as a Union general, rising from command of a brigade to the Army of the Potomac. He is best known for defeating Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as U.S. Treasury Secretary under President Abraham Lincoln; and as Chief Justice of the United States. Chase articulated the "Slave Power conspiracy" thesis well before Lincoln. He coined the slogan of the Free Soil Party, "Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men." He devoted his energies to the destruction of what he considered the Slave Power – the conspiracy of Southern slave owners to seize control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a flag officer of the United States Navy during the American Civil War. He was the first rear admiral, vice admiral, and full admiral of the Navy. He is remembered in popular culture for his order at the Battle of Mobile Bay, usually paraphrased: "Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead!" by U.S. Navy tradition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| became a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He is best remembered for his participation in the futile and bloody assault at the Battle of Gettysburg that bears his name, Pickett's Charge. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a frigate and sailing vessel of the United States Navy, best known as the hull upon which the ironclad warship, CSS Virginia was constructed during the American Civil War. The CSS Virginia then took part in the Battle of Hampton Roads |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The monitors of the 19th century were turreted ironclad warships inspired by the original USS Monitor; as well as coastal ships which closely followed her design. |
|
|
Term
| Emancipation Proclamation |
|
Definition
| Lincoln's doctrine that freed the slaves in the rebelling states. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a vocal group of Democrats in the Northern United States (see also Union (American Civil War)) who opposed the American Civil War, wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates. Republicans started calling anti-war Democrats "Copperheads" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the name used by the Republican Party for the national ticket in the 1864 presidential election, held in the northern states during the Civil War. The temporary name was used to attract War Democrats who would not vote for the Republican Party. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the first major land battle of the American Civil War. Confederate victory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the Maryland Campaign, was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 casualties. Strategic union victory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He was a corps commander noted for suffering two humiliating defeats, at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, but he recovered from the setbacks while posted in the Western Theater, and served there successfully as a corps and army commander. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an American politician from Georgia. He was Vice President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. He also served as a U.S. Representative from Georgia (both before the Civil War and after Reconstruction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He devoted his enormous energies to the destruction of what he considered the Slave Power, that is the scheme of slave owners to take control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty. His severe beating in 1856 by South Carolina Representative Preston Brooks on the floor of the United States Senate helped escalate the tensions that led to war. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a Republican leader and one of the most powerful members of the United States House of Representatives. As chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, Stevens, a witty, sarcastic speaker and flamboyant party leader, dominated the House from 1861 until his death and wrote much of the financial legislation that paid for the American Civil War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the United States Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. An outspoken opponent of the spread of slavery in the years leading up to the American Civil War, he was a dominant figure in the Republican Party in its formative years, and was widely regarded as the leading contender for the party's presidential nomination in 1860. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a U.S. federal government agency that aided distressed refugees and freedmen (freed slaves) in 1865-1872, during the Reconstruction era of the United States. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| , Abraham Lincoln offered a model for reinstatement of Southern states called the 10 percent Reconstruction plan. It decreed that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when 10 percent of the 1860 vote count from that state had taken an oath of allegiance to the U.S. and pledged to abide by emancipation. The next step in the process would be for the states to formally elect a state government. Also, a state legislature could write a new constitution, but it also had to abolish slavery forever. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a program proposed for the Reconstruction of the South written by two Radical Republicans, Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio and Representative Henry Winter Davis of Maryland. In contrast to President Abraham Lincoln's more lenient Ten Percent Plan, the bill made re-admittance to the Union for former Confederate states contingent on a majority in each Southern state to take the Ironclad oath to the effect they had never in the past supported the Confederacy. Pocket-vetoed by Lincoln. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a loose faction of American politicians within the Republican Party from about 1854 (before the American Civil War) until the end of Reconstruction in 1877. They called themselves "radicals" and were opposed during the war by moderates and after the war by self described "conservatives" (in the South) and "Liberals" (in the North). Opposed Lincoln. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| laws passed on the state and local level in the United States to limit the basic human rights and civil liberties of blacks. the term Black Codes is used most often to refer to legislation passed by Southern states at the end of the Civil War to control the labor, migration and other activities of newly-freed slaves. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced on the land |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a federal law in the United States declaring that everyone born in the U.S. and not subject to any foreign power is a citizen, without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adopted on July 9, 1868 as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. Included the Citizenship Clause provides a broad definition of citizenship that overruled the decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford, Due Process Clause prohibits state and local governments from depriving persons of life, liberty, or property without certain steps being taken, Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. |
|
|
Term
| "swing around the circle" |
|
Definition
| a disastrous speaking campaign undertaken by U.S. President Andrew Johnson August 27 - September 15, 1866, in which he tried to gain support for his mild Reconstruction policies and for his preferred candidates (mostly Democrats) in the forthcoming midterm Congressional election. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sought to rebuild the governments of the southern states using the governments of the northern states as examples. It was also implemented to ensure that the civil rights of the free blacks in the South by requiring the states in the South to include the rights of free blacks in their constitutions. The Military Reconstruction Act divided the South into five military districts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ruled that the application of military tribunals to citizens when civilian courts are still operating is unconstitutional. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a nickname for southern whites who supported Reconstruction following the Civil War. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a negative term Southerners gave to Northerners (also referred to as Yankees) who moved to the South during the Reconstruction era, between 1865 and 1877. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| name of three distinct past and present far-right[2][3][4] organizations in the United States, which have advocated extremist reactionary currents such as white supremacy, white nationalism, and anti-immigration,[5][6][7] historically expressed through Christian terrorism and a fervent anti-communist stance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shortly after the American Civil War helped protect the voting rights of African-Americans. The Force Acts were mainly aimed at limiting the activities of the Ku Klux Klan. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enacted over the veto of President Andrew Johnson, denied the President of the United States the power to remove anyone who had been appointed by a past President without the advice and consent of the United States Senate, unless the Senate approved the removal during the next full session of Congress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the purchase of Alaska by the United States from the Russian Empire in 1867. |
|
|
