Term
1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial |
|
Definition
| Structural Classification of Joints |
|
|
Term
Bone --> Bone
Bone --> Cartilage
Bone --> Teeth |
|
Definition
| Joints are contact between: |
|
|
Term
| Structural and Functional |
|
Definition
| Joints are classified by: |
|
|
Term
1. Presence / Absence of space betweeb articulating bones (Synovial Cavity)
2. Type of binding connective tissue |
|
Definition
| Criteria determining classifications of Joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Range of movement in SYNARTHROSIS joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Range of movement in AMPHIARTHROSIS joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Range of moevement in DIARTHROSIS joints |
|
|
Term
Syntarthrosis (No movement)
Amphiarthrosis (slight movement) |
|
Definition
| FUNCTIONAL classification of FIBROUS |
|
|
Term
Syntharosis (no movement)
Amphiarthrosis (Slight movement) |
|
Definition
| Functional classification of CARTILAGINOUS joints |
|
|
Term
| Diarthrosis (freely moveable) |
|
Definition
| Functional classification of SYNOVIAL joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Articulating bones held together by FIBROUS connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dense irregular connective tissue
Little (amphiarthrosis) or no (Synarthrosis) movement
No synovial Cavity |
|
|
Term
Suture
Syndesmosis
Interosseous membrance |
|
Definition
| Types of FIBROUS joints (3 types) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Articulating bones united by thin layer of dense irregular connective tissue, found between skull bones; with age, some sututres replaced by synostosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Articulating bones united by more dense irregular connective tissue, usually a LIGAMENT or GOMPHOSIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Articulating bones united by substantial sheet of dense irregular connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Articulating bones united by HYALINE CARTILAGE and FIBROCARTILAGE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Types of CARTILAGINOUS joints (2 types) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Becomes synostosis when bone elongation ceases (Hyaline cartilage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage (intervertebral disks, fibrocartilage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Characterisitics include:
1. Synovial Fluid
2. Accessory ligaments
3. Articular discs |
|
|
Term
| Synovial Joint Connective tissue |
|
Definition
Connective tissue include:
1. Articular cartilage
2. Articular capsule
(Outer - fibrous capsule/membrance)
(Inner - synovial membrance) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contains blood and nerve supply |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freely movable joint (Diarthroses) |
|
|
Term
| Mechanical classification of SYNOVIAL JOINTS |
|
Definition
- Gliding (Plane)
- Ball and socket
- Hinge
- Pivot
- Ellipsoid (condyloid)
- Saddle
|
|
|
Term
| Examples of GLIDING/PLANAR Joints |
|
Definition
Intercarpal
Intertasal
Acromioclavicular
Sternocostal (sternum + 2-7 rib pairs)
Vertebrocostal joints |
|
|
Term
| Description of GLIDING/PLANAR joints |
|
Definition
| Articulating surfaces are flat or slightly curves |
|
|
Term
| Movement of GLIDING/PLANAR joints |
|
Definition
Biaxial (back and forth/side to side)
Triaxial (back and forth/side to side/rotation) |
|
|
Term
| Description of HINGE joints |
|
Definition
| Convex surface articulates with concave surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uniaxial movement (Flexion and extension) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Trochlea of HUMERUS and trochlear notch of ULNA at ELBOW JOINT
2. KNEE JOINT
3. ANKLE
|
|
|
Term
| Description of PIVOT joints |
|
Definition
| Rounded or Pointed surface articulating with ring formed by bone and by ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Radioulnar joint
Atlanto-axial joint |
|
|
Term
| Description of ELLIPSOID/CONDYLOID joints |
|
Definition
Convex surface on one joint fits int comparable depression on another bone
Oval shaped projection fits into an oval shaped depression |
|
|
Term
| Examples of ELLIPSOID/CONDYLOID joints |
|
Definition
Radiocarpal (Wrist)
Metacarpophalangeal joints |
|
|
Term
| Description of SADDLE joints |
|
Definition
| One joint surafe is saddle shaped, other joint surface fits into saddle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Name the movement:
Surface glides relative to one another |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Name the movement:
Change in angle between bones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Name the movement:
Bone revolving around longitudinal axid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Name the movement:
Occurs at specific joints |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Joints included in FLEXION, EXTENSION and HYPEREXTENSION |
|
Definition
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Decrese in angle between argulating bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| INCREASE in angle between articulating bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extension beyond standard anatomic position |
|
|
Term
| Lateral Flexion / ABduction (of the trunk) |
|
Definition
| Movement of the trunk sideways to the right or left at the waist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement of bone away from midline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement of bone toward midline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement of thumb away from palm or other digits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement of thumb towards palm or other digits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement away from digit 3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Movement of the distal end of a body part in a circle
Movements in order: Flexion>ABduction>Extension>ADduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Superior movement of body part
(IE Shoulder girdle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inferior movement of a body part |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ANTERIOR movement of a body part |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Posterior movement of a body part |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medial movement of the sole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lateral movement of the sole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bending foot in direction of superior surface
(IE standing on your heels) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bending foot toward inferior surface
(Standing on your toes) |
|
|
Term
| Factors determining range of motion |
|
Definition
- Structure of articulating bones
- Structure and action of muscles
- Strength and tautness of ligaments
- Apposition of soft parts
- Hormones
- Disuse
|
|
|
Term
| How structure of articulating bones affects ROM |
|
Definition
- Articulating bones can fit closely together
- Some joints have more bony constraints
|
|
|
Term
| How structure and actions of muscles affects ROM |
|
Definition
Muscle tension RESTRICTS MOVEMENT
When agonists contract, antagonists must relax
|
|
|
Term
| How strength and Tautness of ligaments affect ROM |
|
Definition
Ligaments connect BONE TO BONE
Tight ligaments restrict movement and vice versa |
|
|
Term
| How apposition of soft parts affects ROM |
|
Definition
Joint mobility can be restricted by adipose tissue
|
|
|
Term
| How apposition of soft parts affects ROM |
|
Definition
Joint mobility can be restricted by adipose tissue
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The primary hormone affecting ROM is RELAXIN which increases the flexibility of the fibrocartilage of the pubic symphysis and LOOSENS the ligaments betwen the sacrum, hip bone and coccyx. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Reduced muscle mass. Less proteins and fluids within muscle
- Reduced synovial flud
- Diminished flexibility
|
|
|
