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AP Test Review
For use before AP Test in Psychology
69
Psychology
11th Grade
05/01/2011

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Term
Neurons
Definition
Cells that communicate with Neurotransmitters.
Term
Dendrite
Definition
Accepts signals from Axon Terminal and sends it down Soma (Cell Body)
Term
Soma (Cell Body)
Definition
Receives signals from Dendrites and sends to Axon.
Term
Axon
Definition
Myelin Sheath protected portion of Neuron that links Soma and Axon Terminal
Term
Myelin Sheath
Definition
Fatty covering of Axon that speeds up the signal.
Term
Node of Ranvier
Definition
Gap in Myelin Sheath that speeds up the signal.
Term
Axon Terminal
Definition
Portion of Axon that sends signal to next Dendrite.
Term
Synapse
Definition
Both the place between Dendrite and Axon Terminal and the process of sending the signal between them.
Term
Reuptake
Definition
What occurs when Neurotransmitters don't go through to the next Dendrite.
Term
Glands
Definition
Endocrine System parts that communicate with Hormones
Term
Sensory Neurons
Definition
Located in the Sensory Cortex at front of Parietal Lobe, receives data from outside.
Term
Interneurons
Definition
Related to reflexes, located in spinal cord, doctor using hammer on knee.
Term
Motor Neurons
Definition
Located in Motor Cortex at the back of the Frontal Lobe, sends signals out to react to the outside world.
Term
When in Doubt
(Neurotransmitters)
Definition
Guess Dopamine
Term
Acetylcholine
Definition
Memory related tasks, causes Alzheimer's
Term
Dopamine
Definition
Related to Depression and Emotion,
Schizophrenia and Parkinson's
Term
Norepinephrine
Definition
Related to Depression and Emotion,
Convulsions
Term
Seratonin
Definition
Related to Depression and Emotion,
Eating and Mood
Term
Endorphins
Definition
Natural Painkillers
Term
GABA
Definition
Natural Inhibitor
Term
Brainstem
Definition
Breathing and Heartbeat
(Medulla- Breathing)
Term
Reticular Formation
Definition
Alertness
Term
Thalamus
Definition
Control center, sends out information
Term
When in Doubt
(Brain Structures)
Definition
Guess Hypothalamus
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
In control of 4 F's:
Fleeing, Fighting, Feeding, and Sex
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Balance and coordination
Term
Limbic System
Definition
Composed of Hippocampus and Amygdala and Pituitary Gland, controls emotion and behavior
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
Makes memories
Term
Amygdala
Definition
Anger and Fear
Term
Pituitary Gland
Definition
Secretes Hormones, master gland of endocrine system
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
Decision Making, Problem Solving
Term
Parietal Lobe
Definition
Senses
Term
Temporal Lobe
Definition
Hearing
Term
Occipital Lobe
Definition
Sight
Term
Plasticity
Definition
Brain can alter structures to perform as one that isn't working right.
Term
Broca's Area
Definition
Left Hemisphere, Broken Speech
"I can't chair the skipping!"
Term
Wernicke's Area
Definition
Left Hemisphere, Can't understand sounds
Term
Binet
Definition
Intelligence test
Term
Terman
Definition
Stanford-Binet Test, IQ Test, IQ Score
Term
IQ Score
Definition
(Mental Age/Physical Age)
μ = 100, σ = 15
Term
Spearman
Definition
g Intelligence
General Intelligence
Term
Gardner
Definition
Multiple Intelligences
Spatial, Linguistic, Logical-Mathematical, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Naturalistic, Existential
Term
Sternberg
Definition
Triarchic theory of Intelligence:
Practical, Analytical, Creative
Term
Emotional Intelligence
Definition
How well you understand either your emotions or those of others.
Mayer and Salovey
Term
Achievement Test
Definition
Test of developed skill or knowledge
Term
Aptitude Test
Definition
Assesses a facet of the test-taker, whether knowledge, fitness, or belief
Term
Validity
Definition
Testing what it should test
Term
Reliability
Definition
Consistent results
Term
Crystallized Intelligence
Definition
Concrete knowledge, experience
Term
Fluid Intelligence
Definition
Reason abstractly
Goes away with age
Term
Schedules of Reinforcement
Definition
Does the /behavior/ cause the /reinforcement/ to happen faster?
Yes- Ratio, No-Interval
Fixed vs. Variable obvious
Term
Encoding
Definition
Putting Memory in
Term
Storage
Definition
Putting Memory away
Term
Retrieval
Definition
Getting Memory back
Term
Short Term Memory
Definition
Average of 7+-2
Term
Long Term Memory
Definition
Infinite Storage
Term
Encoding
Definition
Rehearsal, spacing effect, serial placing effect
semantic, acoustic, visual
Term
Storage
Definition
Implicit/Procedural, Explicit/Declarative, Episodic/Semantic, Flashbulb
Term
Retrieval
Definition
Recall vs. recognition
Term
Forgetting
Definition
Retroactive Interference
Proactive Interference
Term
Zygote
Definition
Germinal Stage
Term
Embryo
Definition
Embryonic Stage
Weeks 2-8 most important
Term
Fetus
Definition
Fetal Stage
Term
Cognitive Development
Definition
Piaget
Some People Call Friends
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
Term
Things to Conquer
(Cognitive)
Definition
Object Permanence (peekaboo)
Egocentricism (TV shows)
Conservation (Water in glasses)
Think Abstractly
Term
Moral Development
Definition
Kohlberg
Preconventional- rewards and punishments
Conventional- Social ethics
Postconventional- own ethical belief
Term
Identity Development
Definition
Marcia
Identity Foreclosure-
Identity Diffusion-
Moratorium- experiment
Identity Achievement-
Term
Psychosocial Development
Definition
Erikson
"Positive" vs. "Negative" + in context
Trust vs. Mistrust
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Integrity vs. Despair
Term
Death, Dying, Grief
Definition
Kubler-Ross
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
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