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AP Review
Hunger Games Day 1
100
History
12th Grade
04/24/2012
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Term
1)Between the years 1000 and 1300 it is estimated that Europe's population:
 Definition
1)doubled.
Term
2)Through which of the following ports did the Black Death enter Europe in 1347?
 Definition
2)Venice
Term
3)Which part of the body did the plague first attack?
 Definition
3)lungs
Term
4)Among the social and economic consequences of the bubonic plague was a:
 Definition
4)shrunken labor supply.
Term
5)What two groups were the traditional "containers" of monarchy?
 Definition
5)landed nobility and the church.
Term
6)The primary reason for early French failure in the Hundred Years' War was:
 Definition
6)internal disunity.
Term
7)The use of this medieval weapon proved to give the English the tactical advantage in the war:
 Definition
7)longbow.
Term
8)The Treaty of Troyes in 1420 disinherited the legitimate heir to the French throne and proclaimed this man the successor to the French king, Charles VI:
 Definition
8)Henry V.
Term
9)Joan of Arc was executed on May 30, 1431 under this charge:
 Definition
9)heresy.
Term
10)The burden of the Hundred Years' War fell mostly on the:
 Definition
10)peasants.
Term
11)The papal bull Unam Sanctum declared that:
 Definition
11)temporal authority was "subject" to the spiritual power of the Church.
Term
12)Which of the following religious movements was most successful at assailing the late medieval church in England?
 Definition
12)Lollards
Term
13)John Wycliffe:
 Definition
13)was a major intellectual spokesman for the rights of royalty.
Term
14)This university, founded in 1348, became the center for both Czech nationalism and a religious movement:
 Definition
14)University of Prague.
Term
15)The phrase "Babylonian Captivity" refers to:
 Definition
15)how the papacy was held in political bondage at Avignon.
Term
16)The Council of Pisa in 1409 did what to the Papacy?
 Definition
16)elected its own pope.
Term
17)In the mid-13th century, Russia fell under the political control of the:
 Definition
17)Mongols.
Term
18)The first humanists were:
 Definition
18)orators and poets.
Term
19)Refer to the excerpt "The Renaissance Garden." Based on this excerpt, which of the following is most accurate?
 Definition
19)The garden was a pivotal center in numerous aspects of Renaissance society.
Term
20)He was known as the "father of humanism":
 Definition
20)Francesco Petrarch.
Term
21)Which of the following was the most important recovery made during the Italian Renaissance?
 Definition
21)Greek studies
Term
22)Examine the image "The School of Athens" by Raphael. Which of the following can be accurately concluded from this image?
 Definition
22)Renaissance thinkers demonstrated the influence of the ancient world in their own time.
Term
23)The Habsurg-Valois wars were wars fought between France and:
 Definition
23)Spain; Spain won all four major battles.
Term
24)Erasmus had a profound effect and influence upon this individual:
 Definition
24)Martin Luther.
Term
25)The Reformation broke out first in the cities of:
 Definition
25)Switzerland and Germany.
Term
26)Which of the following statements is untrue about the ideology and practice of the Brothers of the Common Life?
 Definition
26)All members were expected to take special religious vows and to wear a special religious dress.
Term
27)An indulgence was:
 Definition
27)a remission of the temporal penalty imposed on penitents by priests as a work of satisfaction for their confessed mortal sins.
Term
28)The Freedom of a Christian, written by Martin Luther, summarized the new teaching of salvation:
 Definition
28)by faith alone.
Term
29)The Reformation in Zurich was led by:
 Definition
29)Ulrich Zwingli.
Term
30)The Peace of Augsburg recognized in law what had already been established in practice:
 Definition
30)the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land.
Term
31)The Book of Common Prayer, written by Thomas Cranmer, was imposed on all English churches because of:
 Definition
31)the Act of Uniformity.
Term
32)Many political philosophers, from __________ to modern times, have based utopian schemes on a version of Sparta's constitution and educational system.
 Definition
32)Plato
Term
33)Like most ancient peoples, the Greeks were __________, and religion played an important part in their lives.
 Definition
33)polytheists
Term
34)In 386 B.C.E., Plato founded the __________, a center of philosophical investigation and a school for training statesmen and citizens
 Definition
34)Academy
Term
35)One of the most extreme reactions to the spreading plague was processions of __________; religious fanatics who beat themselves in ritual penance.
 Definition
35)flagellants
Term
36)Centuries of Christian propaganda had bred hatred toward __________, and they were therefore cast as scapegoats for the spreading plague.
 Definition
36)Jews
Term
37)In 1351, the English Parliament passed a __________, which limited wages to pre-plague levels and restricted the ability of peasants to leave their masters' land.
 Definition
37)Statute of Laborers
Term
38)Like kings and queens in earlier centuries, the late medieval rulers practiced the art of __________ government, but on a grander scale and with greater sophistication.
 Definition
38)feudal
Term
39)In 1355, in a bid to secure funds for the war, the king turned to the __________, a representative council of townspeople, clergy, and nobles.
 Definition
39)Estates General
Term
40)According to church doctrine, __________ was a place of punishment where souls would atone for venial sins
 Definition
40)purgatory
Term
41)By the 15th century, the great Italian cities were the __________ for much of Europe.
 Definition
41)bankers
Term
42)Scholars have coined the term __________ to describe the apparent coalescence of humanism and civic reform throughout Italy and northern Europe.
 Definition
42)civic humanism
Term
43)__________ was the scholarly study of the Latin and Greek classics and of the ancient Church Fathers, both for its own sake and in the hope of reviving respected ancient norms and values.
 Definition
43)Humanism
Term
44)The appeal of __________ lay in its flattering view of human nature, which distinguished between an eternal sphere of being and the perishable world in which humans actually lived.
 Definition
44)Platonism
Term
45)__________ is a reaction to the simplicity of High Renaissance art and made room for the strange and the abnormal, giving freer reign to the individual perceptions and feelings of the artist, who now felt free to paint, compose, or write in an "affected" way.
 Definition
45)Mannerism
Term
46)Martin Luther was ordered to recant at the __________ in April of 1521.
 Definition
46)Diet of Worms
Term
47)Established in the mid-15th century, __________ believed strongly in both divine predestination and the individual's responsibility to reorder society according to God's plan.
 Definition
47)Calvinists
Term
48)The Jesuit order that was essential to the Counter-Reformation's success was founded by __________.
 Definition
48)Ignatius of Loyola
Term
49)The __________ met in 1545 to reform the Catholic Church, but made no doctrinal concessions to the Protestants.
 Definition
49)Council of Trent
Term
50)Which of the following novels is Cervantes most well known for?
 Definition
50)Don Quixote
Term
1)Which significant event occurred in the year 1527?
 Definition
1)Spanish-imperial soldiers loot and torch Rome.
Term
2)Which citiy had uninterrupted trade with the Near East throughout the Middle Ages, maintaining a vibrant urban society?
 Definition
2)Pisa
Term
3)Social strife and competition for political power became so intense within the cities that most evolved into:
 Definition
3)despotisms.
Term
4)This occurred in 1378 as a result of the unbearable conditions for those at the bottom of society:
 Definition
4)Ciompi Revolt.
Term
5)The first humanists were:
 Definition
5)orators and poets.
Term
6)He was known as the "father of humanism":
 Definition
6)Francesco Petrarch.
Term
7)Which of the following was the most important recovery made during the Italian Renaissance?
 Definition
7)Greek studies
Term
8)How did Valla become a hero to Protestant reformers?
 Definition
8)his defense of predestination against the advocates of free will
Term
9)Examine the image "The School of Athens" by Raphael. Renaissance thinkers demonstrated the influence of the ________________ world in their own time.
 Definition
9)Renaissance thinkers demonstrated the influence of the ancient world in their own time.
Term
10)His most famous painting is the Mona Lisa:
 Definition
10)Leonardo da Vinci.
Term
11)Most scholars agree that the __________ was a time of transition from medieval to modern times.
 Definition
11)Renaissance
Term
12)The city of Florence was governed by a group of six, later eight, men known as the __________, who were chosen from the most powerful guilds.
 Definition
12)Signoria
Term
13)The goal of humanist studies was __________ eloquently spoken, both knowledge of the good and the ability to move others to desire it.
 Definition
13)wisdom
Term
14)Ludovico's fatal mistake was that he:
 Definition
14)appealed to the French for help and invited them to reenter Italy and revive their dynastic claim to Naples.
Term
15)The Habsurg-Valois wars were wars fought between France and:
 Definition
15)Spain; Spain won all four major battles.
Term
16)Which of the following is true of Machiavelli?
 Definition
16)He wanted to drive out all foreign armies from Italy.
Term
17)The appeal of __________ lay in its flattering view of human nature, which distinguished between an eternal sphere of being and the perishable world in which humans actually lived.
 Definition
17)Platonism
Term
18)__________ is a reaction to the simplicity of High Renaissance art and made room for the strange and the abnormal, giving freer reign to the individual perceptions and feelings of the artist, who now felt free to paint, compose, or write in an "affected" way.
 Definition
18)Mannerism
Term
19)After the Black Death reduced the supply of laborers everywhere in Western Europe, the demand for __________ soared.
 Definition
19)slaves
Term
20)Because despots could not count on the loyalty of the divided populace, they operated through mercenary armies obtained through military brokers known as __________.
 Definition
20)condottieri
Term
21)__________ was the scholarly study of the Latin and Greek classics and of the ancient Church Fathers, both for its own sake and in the hope of reviving respected ancient norms and values.
 Definition
21)Humanism
Term
22)By the 15th century, the great Italian cities were the __________ for much of Europe.
 Definition
22)bankers
Term
23)Scholars have coined the term __________ to describe the apparent coalescence of humanism and civic reform throughout Italy and northern Europe.
 Definition
23)civic humanism
Term
24)With the growing cost of warfare in the 15th and 16th centuries, monarchs needed new national sources of income and created them by taxing all of the following except:
 Definition
24)the nobility.
Term
25)King Louis XI did all of the following except:
 Definition
25)ravage the nobility.
Term
26)Who protested the marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon?
 Definition
26)France and Portugal
Term
27)In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, the old problem of the one and the many was now progressively decided in favor of __________.
 Definition
27)national monarchs
Term
28)Name at least 3 traits to describe the Northern humanists:
 Definition
28)were more devoted to religious reforms than their Italian counterparts.
Term
29)Between the newly acquired Burgundian lands and his own inheritance, King Louis XI was able to end his reign with a kingdom almost __________ the size of that he had inherited.
 Definition
29)twice
Term
30)Erasmus had a profound effect and influence upon this individual:
 Definition
30)Martin Luther.
Term
31)Over the second half of the 15th century, this nation delivered 150,000 slaves to Europe:
 Definition
31) Portugal.
Term
32)A formal grant of the right to the labor of a specific number of Indians, usually a few hundred, but sometimes thousands, for a particular period of time is known as the __________.
 Definition
32)encomienda
Term
33)The __________ is a device, often harsh, which required adult male Indians to devote a certain number of days of labor annually to Spanish economic enterprises.
 Definition
33)repartimiento
Term
34)Through which port did the Black Death enter Europe in 1347?
 Definition
34)Venice
Term
35)Which part of the body did the plague first attack?
 Definition
35) lungs
Term
36)Among the social and economic consequences of the bubonic plague was a:
 Definition
36)shrunken labor supply.
Term
37)At the outset of the Hundred Years' War which nation had more money and population:
 Definition
37)France
Term
38)The primary reason for early French failure in the Hundred Years' War was:
 Definition
38)internal disunity.
Term
39)The use of this medieval weapon proved to give the English the tactical advantage in the war:
 Definition
39)longbow.
Term
40)The Treaty of Troyes in 1420 disinherited the legitimate heir to the French throne and proclaimed this man the successor to the French king, Charles VI:
 Definition
40)Henry V.
Term
41)Joan of Arc was executed on May 30, 1431 under this charge:
 Definition
41)heresy.
Term
42)The burden of the Hundred Years' War fell mostly on the:
 Definition
42)peasants.
Term
43)The practice of sequestering cardinals immediately upon the death of the pope to elect his successor was established by:
 Definition
43)Gregory X.
Term
44)The papal bull Unam Sanctum declared that:
 Definition
44)temporal authority was "subject" to the spiritual power of the Church.
Term
45)Defender of Peace, written by Marsilius of Padua, depicted the pope as:
 Definition
45)a subordinate member of society.
Term
46)John Wycliffe was:
 Definition
46)a major intellectual spokesman for the rights of royalty.
Term
47)The phrase "Babylonian Captivity" refers to:
 Definition
47)how the papacy was held in political bondage at Avignon.
Term
48)The Great Schism was supported by:
 Definition
48)Charles V.
Term
49)The Council of Pisa in 1409:
 Definition
49)elected its own pope.
Term
50)In the mid-13th century, Russia fell under the political control of the:
 Definition
50)Mongols
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