Term
| frustration-aggression principle |
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Definition
| the principle that frustration--the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal--creates anger, which can generate aggression. |
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Definition
| the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. |
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Term
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Definition
| an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members; generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action. |
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Definition
| the tendency for any given bystander to be less likey to give aid if other bystanders are present. |
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Definition
| stonger responses on simple or well-learned taks in the presense of others. |
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Term
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Definition
| suggests how we explain someon's behavior--by crediting either the situation or the person's dispositions. |
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Term
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Definition
| shared goals that override differences among people and require cooperation. |
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Definition
| unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which people receive from a relationships in proportion to what they give to it. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Us"--people whom one shares a common identity. |
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Term
| fool-in-the-door phenomenon |
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Definition
| the tendency for people who have agreed to a small request to comply later with a large request. |
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Term
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Definition
| the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom out lives are intertwined. |
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Term
| fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
| the tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition. |
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Term
| informational social influence |
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Definition
| influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality. |
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Term
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Definition
| a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people. |
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Term
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Definition
| any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy. |
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Term
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Definition
| the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occuring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. |
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Definition
| unselfish regard for the welfare of others. |
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Definition
| a perceived incompatability of action, goals, or ideas. |
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Term
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Definition
| an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. |
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Term
| GRIT (Graduated Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction) |
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Definition
| a strategy designed to decrease international tensions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior. |
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Definition
| an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the begining of a love relationship. |
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Term
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Definition
| revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others. |
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Term
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Definition
| the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them |
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Term
| social responsibility norm |
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Definition
| an expectation that people will help those dependent upon them. |
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Term
| cognitive dissonance theory |
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Definition
| the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel wehn two of our thoughts are inconsistent. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward a common goal than when individually held accountable. |
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Definition
| adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard. |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs. |
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Term
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Definition
| feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people get what they deserve. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Them"--those percieved as different or apart from one's ingroup. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to favor one's own group. |
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Term
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Definition
| the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. |
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Term
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Definition
| the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
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Term
| normative social influence |
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Definition
| influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval. |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame. |
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