Sensation is to _______ as perception is to ______.

a. Recognizing a stimulus; Interpreting a stimulus

b. Detecting a stimulus; Recognizing a stimulus

c. Interpeting a stimuus; Detecting a stimulus

d. Seeing; Hearing

Given a normal sensory ability, a person can hear a atch ticking in a silent room from 20 feet away. This is a description of hearing's

a. Difference threshold

b. JND

c. Absolute threshold

d. Signal Detection

In order to maximize your sensitivity to fine visual detail, you should

a. Stare off to one side of the object you are attempting to see

b. Close one eye

c. Decrease the intensity of the light falling upon the object

d. Stare directly at the object

The Young-Helmholtz theory proposes that

a. There are three different types of color-sensitive cones

b. Retinal cells are excited by one color and inhibited by its complimentary color

c. Ther are four different types of cones

d. Rod, not cone, vision accounts for our ability to detect find visual detail

According to the opponent-process theory,

a. There are three types of color-sensitive cones

b. The process of color vision begins in the cortex

c. Neurons involved in color vision are stimulated by one color's wavelength and inhibited by another's

d. All of the above

The inner ear contains receptors for

a. Audition and kinesthesis

b. Kinesthesis and the vestibular sense

c. Audition and the vestibular sense

d. Audition, kinesthesis, and the vestibular sense

Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which sound travels after entering the ear?

a. Auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea

b. Eardrum, auditory canal, middle ear, cochlea

c. Eardrum, middle ear, cochlea, auditory canal

d. Cochlea, eardrum, middle ear, auditory canal

e. Auditory canal, middle ear, eardrum, cochlea

The figure-ground relationship has demonstrated that

a. Perception is largely innate

b. Perception is simply a point-for-point representation of sensation

c. The same stimulus can trigger more than one perception

d. Different people see different things when viewing a scene

When our ______ is disrupted, we experience jet lag.

a. Daydreaming

b. REM sleep

c. Circadian rhythm

d. Stage 4 sleep

e. Stage 1 sleep

During which stage of sleep does the body experience increased heart, rapid breathing, and little to no muscle activity?

a. Stage 2

b. Stage 3

c. Stage 4

d. REM sleep

A person who requires increasing amounts of a drug in order to feel its effect is said to have developed

a. Tolerance

b. Physical Dependency

c. Psychological Dependency

d. Resistance

e. Withdrawal Symptoms

Alcohol has a profound effect on

a. The transfer of experiences to long-term memory

b. Immediate memory

c. Previously established long-term memories

d. All of the above

Which of the following is/are classified as a depressant?

a. Amphetamines

b. LSD

c. Marijuana

d. Alcohol

e. PCP

The process by which the lens changes its curvature is

a. Accomodation

b. Sensory Adaptation

c. Focusing

d. Transduction

Most color-deficent people will probably

a. Lack functioning red or green sensitive cones

b. See the world in only black and white

c. Also suffer from poor vision

d. Have above-average vision to compensate for the deficit

__________ processing refers to how the physical characteristics of stimuli influence their interpretation.

a. Top-down

b. Bottom-up

c. Parapsychological

d. Human Factors

You probably perceive the diagram below as three separate objects due to the principles of

+ + +

a. Proximity

b. Continuity

c. Closure

d. Connectedness

When we stare at an object, each eye receives a slightly different image, providing a depth cue known as

a. Convergence

b. Linear Perspective

c. Relative Motion

d. Retinal Disparity

Which of the following is not a monocular depth cue?

a. Texture Gradient

b. Relative Height

c. Retinal Disparity

d. Interposition

e. Light and Shadow

As we move, viewed objects cast changing shapes on our retinas, although we do not perceive the objects as changing. This is part of the phenomenon of

a. Perceptual constancy/consistency

b. Relative motion

c. Linear perspective

d. Continuity

According to Freud, dreams are

a. Symbolic fulfillment of erotic wishes

b. The result of random neural activity in the brainstem

c. The brain's mechanism for self stimulation

d. Transparent representation of the individual's conflicts

The modern discovery of hypnosis is generally attributed to

a. Freud

b. Mesmer

c. Spanos

d. Hilgard

As a form of therapy for relieving problems such as headaches, hypnosis is

a. Ineffective

b. No more effective than positive suggestions given without hypnosis

c. Highly effective for a majority of people

d. More effective with adults than children

The sensation experienced when eating spicy foods is wonderful for some, tear-producing for others, and moderate for others. The experience of spiciness is a combination of

a. Bitter and Salty

b. Smell and Pain

c. Smell and Salty

d. Sweet and Bitter

e. Smell and Bitter