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AP Literature Terms
Glossary A-L
93
English
12th Grade
09/13/2010

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Term
Apollonian
Definition
in contrast to Dionysian, it refers to the most noble, Godlike qualities of human nature and behavior.
Term
Bildungsroman
Definition
A german word referring to a novel structured as a series of events that take place as the hero travels in quest of a goal
Term
Dionysian
Definition
as distinguished from Apollonian, the word refers to sensual, pleasure-seeking impulses
Term
Gothic novel
Definition
a novel in which supernatural horrors and an atmosphere of unknown terrors pervades the action.
Term
abstract
Definition
an abbreviated synopsis of a longer work of scholarship or research.
Term
adage
Definition
a saying or proverb containing a truth based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language
Term
allegory
Definition
a story in which the narrative or characters carry an underlying symbolic, metaphorical, or possibly an ethical meaning.
Term
alliteration
Definition
the repetition of one or more initial consonants in a group of words or lines of poetry or prose. used as ornaments or for emphasis.
Term
allusion
Definition
a reference to a person place or event meant to create an effect or enhance the meaning of an idea
Term
ambiguity
Definition
a vagueness of meaning; a conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings and interpretation.
Term
anachronism
Definition
a person, scene, event or other element in literature that fails to correspond with the time or era in which the work is set.
Term
analogy
Definition
a comparison that points out similarities between two dissimilar things.
Term
annotation
Definition
a brief explanation, summary, or evaluation of a text or work of literature.
Term
antagonist
Definition
a character or force in a work of literature that by opposing the protagonist produces tension or conflict.
Term
antithesis
Definition
a rhetorical opposition or contrast of ideas by means of a grammatical arrangement of words, clauses, or sentences.
Term
aphorism
Definition
a short pithy statement of a generally accepted truth or setiment
Term
apostrophe
Definition
a locution that addresses a person or personified thing not present.
Term
archetype
Definition
an abstract or ideal conception of a type; a perfectly typical example, an origional model or form
Term
assonance
Definition
the repetition of two or more vowel sounds in a group of words or lines in poietry and prose
Term
ballad
Definition
a simple narrative verse that tells a story that is sung or recited.
Term
bard
Definition
a poet; in olden times, a performer who told heroic stories to musical accompaniment
Term
bathos
Definition
the use of insincere or overdone sentimentality
Term
belle-lettres
Definition
french term for the world of books, criticism, and literature in general
Term
bibliography
Definition
a list of works cited or otherwise relevant to a subject or other work
Term
blank verse
Definition
Poetry written in iambic pentameter, doesn't rhyme
Term
bombast
Definition
inflated, pretentious language used for trivial subjects.
Term
burlesque
Definition
a work of literature meant to ridicule a subject; a grotesque imitation .
Term
cacophony
Definition
grating, inharmonious sounds
Term
caesura
Definition
a pause somewhere in the middle of a verse ,often marked by punctuation.
Term
canon
Definition
the works considered most important in a national literaure or period;works widely read and studied.
Term
caricature
Definition
a grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons and things
Term
carpe diem
Definition
literally, "seize the day" enjoy life while you can, a common theme in literature
Term
catharsis
Definition
a cleansing of the spirit brought about by the pity and terror of a dramatic tragedy
Term
classic
Definition
a highly regarded work of literature or other art form that has withstood the test of time
Term
classical
Definition
deriving from the orderly qualities of ancient Greek and Roman culture; implies formaility ovjectivity simplicity and restraint.
Term
climax
Definition
high point or turning point of a story or play
Term
coming-of-age story
Definition
a tale in which a young protagonist experiences an introduction to adulthood. THe character may develop understanding bia disillusionment, education, doses of reality, or any other experiences that alter his or her emotional or intellectual maturity.
Term
conceit
Definition
witty or ingenious though; a diverting or highly fancifulidea, often stated in figurative language
Term
connotation
Definition
the suggested or implied meaning of a word or phrase.
Term
consonance
Definition
the repetition of two or more consonant sounds in a group of words or a line of poetry
Term
couplet
Definition
a pair of rhyming lines in a poem. Two fhyming lines in iambic pentameter
Term
denotation
Definition
the dictionary definition of a word
Term
denouncement
Definition
the resolution that occurs at the ednd of a play or work of fiction
Term
deus ex machina
Definition
in literature, the use of an artificial device or gimmick to solve a problem
Term
diction
Definition
the choice of words in oral and written discourse
Term
dramatic irony
Definition
a circumstance in which the audience or reader knows more about a situaltion than a character.
Term
elegy
Definition
a poem or prose selection that laments or mediates on the passing or death of something or someone of value
Term
ellipsis
Definition
thre periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a though or quotation
Term
elliptical construction
Definition
a sentence containing a deliberate omission of words.
Term
empathy
Definition
a feeling of association or identification with an object or person
Term
end-stopped
Definition
a term that describes a line of poetry that ends with a natural pause often indicated by a mark of punctuation.
Term
end-stopped
Definition
a term that describes a line of poetry that ends with a natural pause often indicated by a mark of punctuation.
Term
enjambment
Definition
in poetry, the use of successive lines with no punctuation or pause between them.
Term
epic
Definition
an extended narrative poem that tells of the adventures and exploits of a hero that is generally larger than life and is often considered a legendary figure.
Term
epigram
Definition
a concise but ingenious witty and thoughtful statement.
Term
epithet
Definition
an adj or phrase that expresses a striking quality of a person or thing.
Term
eponymous
Definition
a term for the title character of a work of literature.
Term
euphemism
Definition
a mild or less negitive usage for a harsh or blunt term
Term
euphony
Definition
pleasing harmonious sounds
Term
exegesis
Definition
a detailed analysis or interpretation of a work of literature.
Term
explication
Definition
the interpretation or analysis of a text
Term
expose
Definition
a piece of writing that reveals weaknesses, faults, frailties, or other short-comings
Term
exposition
Definition
the background and events that lead to the presentation of the main idea or purpose of a work of literature
Term
extended metaphor
Definition
a series of comparisons between two unlike objects
Term
fable
Definition
a short tale often featuring nonhuman characters that act as people whose actions enable the author to make observations or draw useful lessons about human behavior
Term
falling action
Definition
the action in a play or story that occurs after the climax and that leads to the conclusion and often to the resolution of the conflict
Term
fantasy
Definition
a story containing unreal imaginary features.
Term
farce
Definition
a comedy that contains an extravagant and nonsensical disregard of seriousness, although it may have a serious, scornful purpose.
Term
figure of speech
Definition
in contrast to literal language, figurative language impplies meanings. metaphors similes and personification etc
Term
first-person narrative
Definition
a narrative told by a character involved in the story, using first person pronouns such as I and we.
Term
flashback
Definition
a return to an earlier time in a story or play in order to clarify present action or circumstances.
Term
foot
Definition
a unit of stressed and unstressed syllables used to determine the meter of a poetic line.
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
providing hints of things to come in a story or play
Term
frame
Definition
a structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative.
Term
free verse
Definition
a kind of poetry without shymed lines, rhythm, or fixed metrical feet
Term
genre
Definition
a term used to describe literary forms, such as novel, play, and essay.
Term
harangue
Definition
a forceful sermon, lecture, or tirade
Term
heroic couplet
Definition
two rhymed lines written in iambic pentameter and used widely in eighteenth-century verse
Term
hubris
Definition
the excessive pride that often leads tragic heroes to their death.
Term
humanism
Definition
a belief that emphasizes faith and optimism in human potential and creativity.
Term
hyperbole
Definition
overstatement; gross exaggeration for rhetorical effect
Term
idyll
Definition
a lyric poem or passage that describes a kind of ideal life or place
Term
image
Definition
a word or phrase representing that which can be seen, touched, tasted, smelled, or felt.
Term
in medias res
Definition
a latin term for a narrative that starts not at the beginning of events but at some other critical point.
Term
indirect quotation
Definition
a rendering of a quotation in which actual words are not stated but only approximated or paraphrased.
Term
invective
Definition
a direct verbal assault; a denunciation
Term
irony
Definition
a mode of expression in which the intended in which the intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated, often implying ridicule or light sarcasm; a state of affairs or events that is reverse of what might have been expected.
Term
kenning
Definition
a device employed in Anglo-Saxon poetry in which the name of a thing is replaced by one of its functions or qualities.
Term
lampoon
Definition
a mocking, satirical assault on a person or situation.
Term
light verse
Definition
a variety of poetry meant to entertain or amuse, but sometimes with a satirical thrust
Term
litotes
Definition
a form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity
Term
loose sentence
Definition
a sentence that follows the cusomary word order of English sentences i.e. subject-verb-object. THe main idea of the sentence is presented first and is then followed by one or more subordinate clauses.
Term
lyric poetry
Definition
personal reflective poetry that reveals the speaker's thoughts and feelings about the subject.
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