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| shaping an argument to appeal to a particular audience |
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| a defense, excuse, or justification in speech or writing, as for a cause or doctrine |
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| a citation (as from a book or file) used in defense or support |
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| a primary point being made to support an argument |
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| the drawing of a conclusion by reasoning; the act of deducing |
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| emotional appeals target the emotions of the reader to create some kind of connection with the writer which can be very important in an argument |
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| used to establish the writer as fair, open-minded, honest, and knowledgeable about the subject matter; the writer creates a sense of him or herself as trustworthy and credible |
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| appeal based on the character of the speaker; an ethos-driven document relies on the reputation of the author |
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| a proposition asserting something to be true either of all members of a certain class or of an indefinite part of that class |
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| the process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances; a conclusion reached by this process |
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| Logical appeal is the strategic use of logic, claims, and evidence to convince an audience of a certain point |
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| the logic used to support a claim (induction and deduction); can also be the facts and statistics used to help support the argument |
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| one that serves as a pattern or model; an example of a conjugation or declension showing a word in all its inflectional forms |
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| the emotional or motivational appeals; vivid language, emotional language and numerous sensory details |
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| the part of an argument where a speaker or writer anticipates and counters opposing points of view |
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| reasoning from the general to the specific |
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