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| One of the two major divisions of geography; the spatial analysis of human population, its cultures, actvities, and landscapes |
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| The expansion of economic, political, and cultural processes to the point that they become global in scale and impact. The processes of globalization transcend state boundaries and have out comes that vary across places and scales. |
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| One of the two major divisions of systematic georgraphy; the spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of the Earth's natural phenomena such as climate, soil, plants, animals, and topography. |
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| Pertaining to space on the Earth's surface; sometimes used as a synonym for geographic |
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| Physical location of geographic phenomena across space. |
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| The design of a spacial distribution |
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| The study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical persepective. Among other things, medical geography looks at sources, diffusion routes, and distributions of diseases |
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| The study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places. |
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| An outbreak of disease that spreads worldwide |
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| regional outbreak of a disease |
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| observing variations in geographic phenomena across space |
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| develped by the Geography Educational National Implementation project, the five themes of geography are location, human-environment, region, place, and movement |
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| the first theme of geography as defined by (Genip); the geographical situation of people and things. |
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| A logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated. The agricultural location theory contained in the vonthunen model |
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| The second theme of heography as defined by (Genip); peciprocal relationship between humans and environmnet |
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| The third theme of geography as defined by (Genip); an area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon. |
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| The fourth theme of geography as defined by the (Genip); uniqueness of a location |
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| state of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character |
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| Belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories, or pictures |
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| The fifth theme of geography as defined by the (Genip); the mobility of people, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet |
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| see complementarity and intervening opportunity |
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| measurement of the physical space between two places |
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| The degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certain location from other locations. Accesibility caries from place to place and can be measured. |
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| The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in aa transport network. |
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| The overall appearance of an area. Most landscapes are comprised of a combination of natural and human-induced influences |
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| The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. The layers of buildings froms, and artifacts sequentially imprinted on the landscape by the activites of various human occupants |
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| The notion that succesive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contirbuting to the cumulative cultural landscape. |
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| The art and science of making maps, including data compilation, layout, and design. Also concerned with the interpretation of mapped patterns. |
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| maps that show the absolute location of places and georgraphic features determined by a frame of refrence, typically latitude and longitude. |
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| Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon. |
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| The position or place of a certain item on the surface of the Earth as expressed in degrees, minutes, an dseconds of latitude, 0 degrees to 90 degrees north or south of the equator, an dlongitude, 0 degrees to 180 degreees east or west of the prime meridian passing thorugh Greenwich, England. |
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| satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features |
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| a hunt for a cache, the (GPS) coordinates which are placed on the internet by other geocoachers |
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| The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places. Distance, accessibility, and connectivity affect relative location. |
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| Image or picture of the way space is orgnaized as determined by an individual's perception, impression, and knowledge of that space. |
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| the space within which daily activity occurs. |
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| the process of selecting and representing information on a map in a way that adapts to the scale of the display medium of the map. |
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| a method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study. |
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| geographic information system |
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| a collectin of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user |
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| involvement of players at other scales to generate support for a position or an intitiative |
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| a type of region marked by a certain degree of homogeneity in one o rmore phenomena; also called unifrom region or homgenous region. |
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| a region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it. |
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| a region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as physically demorcated entity. For example in the U.S., "the South" and "the Mid-atlantic region" are perceptual. |
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| the sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society. This is anthropologist Ralph Linton's definition: hundreds of others exist |
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| a single element of normal pracitce in a culture, such as the wearing of turbans |
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| a related set of cultural traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils. |
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| heartland, source area, innovation center, place of origin of a major culture. |
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| the term for a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other. |
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| the expansion and adaption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area. |
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| the declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its place or origing to a wider area. |
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| pervailing cultural attitude rendering certain innovations, ideas or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in the particular culture. |
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| The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination |
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| the distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contract from person to person-analogoes to the communication of a contagious illness |
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| a form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected plaes or peoples. An urban hierarchy is usually involved, encouraging the leapfrogging of innovations over wide areas, with goegraphic distance a less important influence. |
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| a form of diffusion in which a cultural adaption is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place. |
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| sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate to new ones. The most common form of relocation diffusion involves the spreading of innovations by a migrating population |
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| ways of seeing the world spatialy that are used by geographers in answering research questions. |
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| environmental determination |
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| the view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development, also referred to as envrionmentalism. |
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| line on map connecting points of equal temperature values |
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| geographic viewpoint- a response to determinism- that holds that human decesion making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development. nonetheless, possibilists view the envrionment as providing a set of broad constraints that limits the possibilites of human choice |
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| the multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural environment. |
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| an approach to studying nature-society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated. |
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