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| The legal constitutional protectionsagainst government. Although our civil liberties are formaally set down in the bill of rights, the courts, police, and legislatures define their meanings |
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| The first ten amendments of the U.S. constitution, which define such basic liberties as freedom of speech, religion, press, and guarantee defendants rights. |
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| The constitutional amendment that establishes the four great liberties: freedom of press petition, speech, and assembly |
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| The constitutional amendment adopted after the civil was that declares No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens, |
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| part of the fourteenth amendment guarenteeing that persons cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property by the United States or state gov. without due process of law. |
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| The legal concept under which the supreme court has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions applicable through the fourteenth amendment. |
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| Part of the FIrst Amendement stating that congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. |
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| A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion. |
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| A government preventing material from being published. |
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| THe publication of false or malicious statements that damage someones reputation |
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| Nonverbal Communication, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband. The supreme court has accorded some symbolic speech protection under the First Amendment. |
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| Communication in the form of advertising. It can be restricted more than many other types of speech but has been receiving increased protection from the supreme court. |
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| The situation occurring when the police have reason to believe that a person should be arrested. |
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| Unreasonable Searches and Seizures |
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| Obtaining evidence in a haphazard or random manner. Probable cause and/or a search warrant is required for a legal and proper search for and seizure of incriminating evidence. |
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| A written authorization from a court specifying the area to be searched and what the police are searching for. |
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| The rule that evidence cannot be introduced into a trial if it was not constitutionally obtained. |
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| A constitutional amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes. It includes the right to counsel, the right to confront witness, and the right to a speedy and public trial. |
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| A bargain struck between the defendant's lawyer and the prosecutor to the effect that the defendant will plead guilty to a lesser crime. |
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| The constitutional amendment that forbids cruel and unusual punishment. |
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| Cruel and Unusual Punishment |
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| Court sentences prohibited by the eight amendment. Although the supreme court has ruled that mandatory death sentences for certain offenses. |
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| The right to a private personal free from the intrusion of government. |
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